Process and system for destroying carbonaceous materials and composition and system thereof

Abstract

A process for substantially removing carbonaceous material from a composition comprising providing the composition having carbonaceous material, reacting the carbonaceous material with a sulfur compound, and forming products having carbon and sulfur, and the resulting composition and system used therefore.

1 . A process for substantially removing carbonaceous material from a composition comprising:
 providing the composition having carbonaceous material;   reacting the carbonaceous material with a sulfur compound; and   forming products having carbon and sulfur;   
     wherein:
 (1) the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises sulfur, and the products comprise elemental carbon and sulfur dioxide; 
 (2) the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises hydrogen sulfide, and the products comprise water, elemental carbon, and elemental sulfur; 
 (3) the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises hydrogen sulfide, and the products comprise water and carbon sulfide; 
 (4) the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises hydrogen sulfide, and the products comprise water, elemental carbon, and sulfur dioxide; 
 (5) the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises carbon disulfide, and the products comprise elemental carbon and sulfur dioxide; or 
 (6) the carbonaceous material comprises hydrocarbon, the sulfur compound comprises sulfur, the products comprise at least one of carbon, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide and sulfur dioxide, and said reacting step is carried out at a temperature of less than 500° C. 
 
   
   
       2 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the reacting comprises liquefying solid sulfur. 
   
   
       3 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the reacting comprises feeding the composition into a reactor having a pressure above atmospheric pressure. 
   
   
       4 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the reacting comprises providing a reactor having an oxygen-free atmosphere. 
   
   
       6 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the reacting comprises:
 injecting the carbonaceous material and the sulfur compound as contents into a reactor in an oxygen-free atmosphere; and   exciting the contents to accelerate a rate of reaction.   
   
   
       7 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the reacting comprises providing a proportion of 1:2 to 3:2 molar volume of carbon dioxide to molar volume of hydrogen sulfide. 
   
   
       8 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the reacting comprises providing excess sulfur. 
   
   
       9 . The process of  claim 1  further comprising separating the products from the composition. 
   
   
       10 . The process of  claim 1  further comprising exciting the sulfur into a disassociated state. 
   
   
       12 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the carbonaceous material is completely removed from the composition. 
   
   
       13 . The process of  claim 1  wherein at least 95% of the carbonaceous material is removed from the composition. 
   
   
       14 . A process for substantially removing carbonaceous material from a composition comprising:
 providing the composition having a carbonaceous material comprising a hydrocarbon;   
     reacting the carbonaceous material with sulfur at a temperature of less than 500° C.; and
 forming products comprising at least one of carbon, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, and sulfur dioxide. 
 
   
   
       15 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the carbonaceous material comprises at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon. 
   
   
       16 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the products comprise at least one of carbon, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, water, and carbon disulfide. 
   
   
       17 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the products comprise at least one of amorphous carbon and structured carbon. 
   
   
       18 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the reacting comprises contacting the carbonaceous material with at least one of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide. 
   
   
       19 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the reacting comprises at least one of liquefying and vaporizing solid sulfur. 
   
   
       20 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the reacting comprises feeding the composition into a reactor having a pressure above atmospheric pressure. 
   
   
       21 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the reacting comprises providing a reactor having an oxygen-free atmosphere. 
   
   
       22 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the reacting comprises: injecting the carbonaceous material and the sulfur compound as contents into a reactor in an oxygen-free atmosphere; and exciting the contents to accelerate a rate of reaction. 
   
   
       23 . A process for substantially removing carbonaceous material from a composition comprising: providing a composition having carbonaceous material; reacting the carbonaceous material with a sulfur compound; and forming products having carbon and sulfur. 
   
   
       24 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the carbonaceous material comprises at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon. 
   
   
       25 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the sulfur compound comprises at least one of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide. 
   
   
       26 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the reacting comprises contacting the carbonaceous material with at least one of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide. 
   
   
       27 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the reacting comprises at least one of liquefying and vaporizing solid sulfur. 
   
   
       28 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the reacting comprises feeding the composition into a reactor having a pressure above atmospheric pressure. 
   
   
       29 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises hydrogen sulfide, and the products comprise water and at least one of carbon disulfide, elemental carbon, elemental sulfur, and sulfur dioxide. 
   
   
       30 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the carbonaceous material comprises carbon dioxide, the sulfur compound comprises carbon disulfide, and the products comprise elemental carbon and sulfur dioxide. 
   
   
       31 . The process of  claim 21  wherein the carbonaceous material comprises hydrocarbon, the sulfur compound comprises sulfur, and the products comprise at least one of carbon, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide and sulfur dioxide.