Mineral-coated textile surfaces for wood materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite material consisting of a wood material base support and a textile surface which is applied by means of adhesives and provided with a mineral coating. The composite material according to the invention acts as a substitute for conventional wood material boards in the construction field, which are covered with plasterboard.

1 . A composite material, comprising:
 a) at least one wood material support,   b) at least one textile fabric which is applied to at least one of the two sides of the wood material support,   
       characterised in that the textile fabric has at least one mineral coating, and an adhesive layer is present between the wood material support and the textile fabric. 
     
     
         2 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the mineral coating and/or the adhesive layer contains further functional materials. 
     
     
         3 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the wood material base support is wood materials, preferably boards, with it being possible for these to have additional wood material structures such as frames, grids or three-dimensional reinforcement structures. 
     
     
         4 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the wood material base support is plate- or thread-shaped wood materials which are produced by mixing the different wood particle shapes with natural and/or synthetic binders in the course of a hot pressing process. 
     
     
         5 . The composite material according to  claim 4 , characterised in that the wood material is plywood or laminated wood, woodchip material, in particular chipboards and OSB (oriented strand boards), wood fibre material, in particular porous wood fibreboards, vapour-permeable wood fibreboards, hard (high-density) wood fibreboards (HDF) and medium-density wood fibreboards (MDF), and a material consisting of lignin and other wood constituents, which can be processed thermoplastically. 
     
     
         6 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric is a woven, scrim, knitted fabric, mesh and/or nonwoven fabric, preferably a nonwoven fabric. 
     
     
         7 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric is made up of fibres consisting of synthetic polymers, ceramic fibres, mineral fibres or glass fibres, with these also comprising mixtures of the above-mentioned fibres. 
     
     
         8 . The composite material according to  claim 7 , characterised in that the textile fabric additionally contains cellulose or natural fibres. 
     
     
         9 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric is formed from mineral and/or ceramic fibres, preferably from aluminosilicate, ceramic, dolomite, wollastonite fibres, or from fibres of vulcanites, preferably basalt, diabase and/or melaphyre fibres, in particular basalt fibres. 
     
     
         10 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric is a mineral fibre nonwoven, preferably a nonwoven in which the average length of the mineral fibres is between 5 and 120 mm. 
     
     
         11 . The composite material according to  claim 10 , characterised in that the average fibre diameter of the mineral fibres is between 5 and 30 μm, preferably between 8 and 24 μm, particularly preferably between 8 and 16 μm. 
     
     
         12 . The composite material according to  claim 10 , characterised in that the weight per unit area of the textile fabric consisting of mineral fibres is between 15 and 500 g/m 2 , preferably between 40 and 250 g/m 2 , with this data referring to a surface fabric without a mineral coating. 
     
     
         13 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric is a glass fibre nonwoven, preferably a nonwoven in which the average length of the glass fibres is between 5 and 120 mm. 
     
     
         14 . The composite material according to  claim 13 , characterised in that the average diameter of the glass fibres is between 5 and 30 μm, preferably between 8 and 24 μm, particularly preferably between 10 and 21 μm. 
     
     
         15 . The composite material according to  claim 13 , characterised in that the average diameter of the glass fibres is between 0.1 and 5 μm. 
     
     
         16 . The composite material according to  claim 13 , characterised in that the glass fibre nonwoven is built up in a multi-layer manner, and the different layers have different glass fibre diameters, defined in  claim 14  or  claims 14  and  15 . 
     
     
         17 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric comprises glass fibres, preferably a glass fibre nonwoven, and the weight per unit area is between 15 and 500 g/m 2 , preferably between 40 and 250 g/m 2 , with this data referring to a surface fabric without a mineral coating. 
     
     
         18 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric comprises fibres consisting of synthetic polymers. 
     
     
         19 . The composite material according to  claim 18 , characterised in that the textile fabric is a nonwoven, in particular a spunbonded nonwoven. 
     
     
         20 . The composite material according to  claim 19 , characterised in that the nonwoven is a staple fibre nonwoven, the staple fibres of which have a length of from 1 to 100 mm, preferably from 2 to 50 mm, particularly preferably from 2 to 30 mm. 
     
     
         21 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the textile fabric is built up of fibres consisting of synthetic polymers, and the weight per unit area is preferably between 10 and 500 g/m 2 , in particular between 20 and 250 g/m 2 . 
     
     
         22 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the mineral coating comprises plaster, lime, chalk and/or aluminium hydroxide. 
     
     
         23 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the application quantity of the mineral coating is at least 25% by weight, preferably 30-90% by weight, particularly preferably 40-80% by weight, in each case in relation to the total weight of the dried coated textile fabric, with the latter preferably being a nonwoven. 
     
     
         24 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the mineral coating at least partially penetrates the textile fabric. 
     
     
         25 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the mineral coating is only applied to the side of the textile fabric which faces away from the wood material support. 
     
     
         26 . The composite material according to  claim 25 , characterised in that the mineral coating penetrates the textile fabric at least partially, preferably completely, but does not form a complete, flat and completely covering coating, so that at least parts of the textile fabric are still in direct contact with the adhesive layer. 
     
     
         27 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the adhesive layer comprises construction adhesives, in particular tile adhesive or wall adhesive, which preferably contain mortar, plaster, cement, sand and/or chalk constituents. 
     
     
         28 . The composite material according to  claim 1  or  27 , characterised in that the adhesive layer has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm, preferably 1-5 mm, particularly preferably 1.5-3 mm. 
     
     
         29 . The composite material according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the adhesive layer comprises a film, preferably a hot-melt adhesive film. 
     
     
         30 . A method for producing the composite material according to  claim 1 , comprising the measures:
 a) supplying a wood material support,   b) applying at least one adhesive layer to one of the surfaces of the wood material support,   c) applying the textile fabric to the adhesive layer formed according to b), with the textile fabric having at least one mineral coating,   d) laminating the structure obtained according to step c) with application of pressure and where necessary heat,   e) drying and finishing.   
     
     
         31 . The method according to  claim 30 , characterised in that the adhesive layer contains functional materials as additives, with these having been mixed previously with the adhesive or else are introduced during or after step b). 
     
     
         32 . The method according to  claim 30 , characterised in that the adhesive layer can also be applied to the textile fabric which is provided with the mineral coating, so that the application of the adhesive layer to one of the surfaces of the wood material support can be omitted entirely or at least in part. 
     
     
         33 . The method according to  claim 30 , characterised in that, instead of supplying a prefabricated wood material support, the wood material support is formed online, preferably directly before applying the adhesive layer or the mineral-coated textile fabric which is provided with the adhesive layer. 
     
     
         34 . Use of the composite material defined in  claims 1  to  29  for interior finishing of buildings, preferably in construction or wood frame construction for residential buildings, buildings close to residential areas and other buildings.