Refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus

Abstract

In a range of a wind velocity of 0.5 to 3.5 (m/s) in a refrigeration cycle, when combining absorbent having a small dependency on the wind velocity and the refrigeration cycle, it is not possible to vary dehumidification capability by changing the wind velocity and matching with an actual load is poor. In a refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus having a refrigerator 20 in which refrigerant is put, and having a compressor 20 a for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser 20 b , and a throttle device 20 c , and an evaporator 20 d , and a desiccant rotor 1 , which is water adsorption means, an adsorbent is supported with the desiccant rotor 1 , whose time constant at a water adsorption equilibrium becomes small as a wind velocity increases in the range of the wind velocity of 0.5 to 3.5 m/s, the condenser 20 b is disposed upwind of the desiccant rotor 1 , and the evaporator 20 d is disposed downwind of the desiccant rotor 1.

1 . A refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus comprising;
 a refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant is put, having a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser, and a throttle device, and an evaporator, and   a water adsorption portion which adsorbs water in an air-conditioned space to release into the open air,   wherein an adsorbent is employed for the water adsorption portion whose time constant of water adsorption equilibrium decreases as a wind velocity increases.   
     
     
         2 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is mesoporous silica having homogeneous pores of 1 to 10 nm and passing wind velocities of the water adsorption portion, the evaporator, and the condenser being set for 0.5 to 3.5 m/s. 
     
     
         3 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent satisfies a relation
     T=√Ta /( C 1 ×Xa×v )   
       provided that a time constant is T [s], air temperature Ta [K], constant C1, absolute temperature Xa [kg H2O /kg air ], and wind velocity v. 
     
     
         4 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the water adsorption portion is a rotor type in which said adsorbent is supported, being disposed downwind of the condenser and at the same time being disposed upwind of the evaporator. 
     
     
         5 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 1 , comprising:
 a blower provided in the air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air therein;   storage means for storing a table making an enthalpy of air correspond with a control voltage of driving means for driving the blower;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air in the air-conditioned space prior to passing the water adsorption portion; and   control and operation means for converting detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means into enthalpy to obtain a control voltage corresponding to the enthalpy by referring to a table stored in the storage means and controlling the driving means based on the control voltage.   
     
     
         6 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 1 , comprising:
 a blower provided in said air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate air therein;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of the air in the air-conditioned space after passing the water adsorption portion and prior to passing the evaporator by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for converting a dew point temperature of the evaporator based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means to control the frequency of the compressor and opening of the expansion device so that an evaporation temperature of the evaporator becomes equal to or larger than the dew point temperature.   
     
     
         7 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 1 , comprising:
 a blower provided at the outside of the air-conditioned space and making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air passing the condenser;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air at the outside of the air-conditioned space after passing the condenser and prior to passing the water absorption portion by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for controlling the frequency of the compressor and opening of said expansion device based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means so that the relative humidity becomes a predetermined value.   
     
     
         8 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the adsorbent satisfies a relation
     T=√Ta /( C 1 ×Xa×v )   
       provided that a time constant is T [s], air temperature Ta [K], constant C1, absolute temperature Xa [kg H2O /kg air ], and wind velocity v. 
     
     
         9 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the water adsorption portion is a rotor type in which said adsorbent is supported, being disposed downwind of the condenser and at the same time being disposed upwind of the evaporator. 
     
     
         10 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the water adsorption portion is a rotor type in which said adsorbent is supported, being disposed downwind of the condenser and at the same time being disposed upwind of the evaporator. 
     
     
         11 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 2 , comprising:
 a blower provided in the air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air therein;   storage means for storing a table making an enthalpy of air correspond with a control voltage of driving means for driving the blower;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air in the air-conditioned space prior to passing the water adsorption portion; and   control and operation means for converting detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means into enthalpy to obtain a control voltage corresponding to the enthalpy by referring to a table stored in the storage means and controlling the driving means based on the control voltage.   
     
     
         12 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 3 , comprising:
 a blower provided in the air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air therein;   storage means for storing a table making an enthalpy of air correspond with a control voltage of driving means for driving the blower;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air in the air-conditioned space prior to passing the water adsorption portion; and   control and operation means for converting detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means into enthalpy to obtain a control voltage corresponding to the enthalpy by referring to a table stored in the storage means and controlling the driving means based on the control voltage.   
     
     
         13 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 4 , comprising:
 a blower provided in the air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air therein;   storage means for storing a table making an enthalpy of air correspond with a control voltage of driving means for driving the blower;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air in the air-conditioned space prior to passing the water adsorption portion; and   control and operation means for converting detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means into enthalpy to obtain a control voltage corresponding to the enthalpy by referring to a table stored in the storage means and controlling the driving means based on the control voltage.   
     
     
         14 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 2 , comprising:
 a blower provided in said air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate air therein;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of the air in the air-conditioned space after passing the water adsorption portion and prior to passing the evaporator by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for converting a dew point temperature of the evaporator based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means to control the frequency of the compressor and opening of the expansion device so that an evaporation temperature of the evaporator becomes equal to or larger than the dew point temperature.   
     
     
         15 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 3 , comprising:
 a blower provided in said air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate air therein;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of the air in the air-conditioned space after passing the water adsorption portion and prior to passing the evaporator by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for converting a dew point temperature of the evaporator based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means to control the frequency of the compressor and opening of the expansion device so that an evaporation temperature of the evaporator becomes equal to or larger than the dew point temperature.   
     
     
         16 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 4 , comprising:
 a blower provided in said air-conditioned space for the evaporator making the water adsorption portion ventilate air therein;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of the air in the air-conditioned space after passing the water adsorption portion and prior to passing the evaporator by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for converting a dew point temperature of the evaporator based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means to control the frequency of the compressor and opening of the expansion device so that an evaporation temperature of the evaporator becomes equal to or larger than the dew point temperature.   
     
     
         17 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 2 , comprising:
 a blower provided at the outside of the air-conditioned space and making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air passing the condenser;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air at the outside of the air-conditioned space after passing the condenser and prior to passing the water absorption portion by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for controlling the frequency of the compressor and opening of said expansion device based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means so that the relative humidity becomes a predetermined value.   
     
     
         18 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 3 , comprising:
 a blower provided at the outside of the air-conditioned space and making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air passing the condenser;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air at the outside of the air-conditioned space after passing the condenser and prior to passing the water absorption portion by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for controlling the frequency of the compressor and opening of said expansion device based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means so that the relative humidity becomes a predetermined value.   
     
     
         19 . The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus of  claim 4 , comprising:
 a blower provided at the outside of the air-conditioned space and making the water adsorption portion ventilate the air passing the condenser;   temperature and humidity detection means for detecting a temperature and a relative humidity of air at the outside of the air-conditioned space after passing the condenser and prior to passing the water absorption portion by a force of the blower; and   control and operation means for controlling the frequency of the compressor and opening of said expansion device based on detection results of the temperature and humidity detection means so that the relative humidity becomes a predetermined value.