Glaucoma Treatment Device and Method

Abstract

A device for treating glaucoma in an eye is described. The device includes a body defining a lumen and having first and second ends and external and lumenal surfaces, wherein the body has a length sufficient to provide fluid communication between the anterior chamber and tear film of the eye through the lumen when the device is implanted in the sclera. The device further includes a filter membrane capable of providing outflow resistance to aqueous humor flowing through the lumen. The device further includes a debris filter positioned either at the first end or between the first end and the filter providing outflow resistance. Methods of treating glaucoma wherein the device is implanted in the sclera of an afflicted eye are also described.

1 . A one-piece device for treating glaucoma in an eye, comprising: a body defining a lumen, said body having sufficient length to provide fluid communication between the anterior chamber and tear film of the eye when implanted in the sclera; and a filter element portion having an inflow face, an outflow face, and a peripheral edge wherein at least a portion of said peripheral edge is contiguous with said body defining said lumen, said filter element portion capable of providing a desired outflow resistance to aqueous humor flowing through said lumen. 
   
   
       2 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein said peripheral edge is contiguous with said body. 
   
   
       3 . A device for treating glaucoma in an eye, comprising:
 a body defining a lumen and having first and second ends and external and lumenal surfaces, said body having a length sufficient to provide fluid communication between the anterior chamber and tear film of the eye through said lumen when said device is implanted in the sclera; and   a filter element capable of providing outflow resistance to aqueous humor flowing through said lumen.   
   
   
       4 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein second end of said device is adapted to lie substantially flush with the scleral surface when said device is implanted in the sclera. 
   
   
       5 . The device of  claim 4 , wherein said body is flared at said second end. 
   
   
       6 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said body comprises a material selected from the group consisting of silicone, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 
   
   
       7 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said filter element comprises a microporous/nanoporous filter element. 
   
   
       8 . The device of  claim 7 , wherein said microporous filter element comprises an inflow face, an outflow face, and a peripheral edge contiguous with said body. 
   
   
       9 . The device of  claim 7 , wherein said microporous filter element comprises a polymer. 
   
   
       10 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said body has a length of at least about 2.5 mm. 
   
   
       11 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said first end of said body is beveled. 
   
   
       12 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said lumen has a diameter of about 0.5 mm or less. 
   
   
       13 . The device of  claim 7 , wherein said microporous filter element comprises micropores having a diameter less than or equal to about 0.2 microns. 
   
   
       14 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein at least a portion of said external surface and of said lumenal surface comprises a bio-inert surface coating. 
   
   
       15 . The device of  claim 8 , wherein said inflow and outflow faces comprise a bio-inert surface coating. 
   
   
       16 . The device of  claim 14 , wherein said bio-inert surface coating is selected from the group consisting of phosphoryl choline and polyethylene oxide. 
   
   
       17 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said body comprises at least one barb, said barb adapted to engage with the sclera when said device is implanted in the eye. 
   
   
       18 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said filter element is contiguous with the periphery of said second end of said body defining said lumen. 
   
   
       19 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said device comprises, at said second end, a lip extending around at least a portion of the periphery of said second end and having an external lip surface, wherein a portion of said external surface of said lip is adapted to contact the external scleral surface of said eye when said device is implanted in the sclera. 
   
   
       20 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein said second end of said body comprises a disc-shaped head portion, said disc-shaped portion having a cavity in communication with said lumen, said head portion comprising opposing inner and outer faces such that said inner face is in contact with the surface of said eye when said device is implanted and said outer face comprises said filter element.