Antifoam fuel additives

Abstract

A fuel additive concentrate, fuel comprising said additive concentrate, and method for improving the antifoam performance of a fuel are provided. The additive concentrate comprises (a) an aminotriazole compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, and (ii) an amine compound or salt thereof of formula (I) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; and (b) a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide dispersant, wherein the ratio of (a) to (b) ranges from about 1:10 to about 10:1.

1 . A fuel additive concentrate comprising:
 (a) an aminotriazole compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, and (ii) an amine compound or salt thereof of formula (I)   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R 1  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; and 
         (b) a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide dispersant, wherein the ratio of (a) to (b) ranges from about 1:10 to about 10:1. 
       
     
     
         2 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein (a)(i) is chosen from hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydrides, hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acids, and esters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acids. 
     
     
         3 . The additive concentrate of  claim 2 , wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent of (b) comprises a hydrocarbyl group having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 100 to about 5,000. 
     
     
         4 . The additive concentrate of  claim 3 , wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent comprises a polyisobutylene group derived from high reactivity polyisobutenes having at least 60% or more terminal olefinic double bonds. 
     
     
         5 . The additive concentrate of  claim 17  wherein (a)(ii) comprises a salt of aminoguanidine. 
     
     
         6 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein (a)(ii) comprises an salt of guanidine. 
     
     
         7 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein (a)(ii) comprises aminoguanidine bicarbonate. 
     
     
         8 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein (a) comprises a bis-aminotriazole compound of formula (III) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and tautomers and enantiomers thereof, wherein R 3  is a hydrocarbyl group having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 100 to about 5000. 
     
     
         9 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein (a) is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt. % to about 50 wt. %, and (b) is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.99 wt. %, relative to the total weight of the concentrate. 
     
     
         10 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , further comprising a silicone-based antifoam agent. 
     
     
         11 . The additive concentrate of  claim 10 , wherein the silicone-based antifoam agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, relative to the total weight of the concentrate. 
     
     
         12 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one triazole chosen from triazoles of formulae (IV) and (V): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10  are independently chosen from hydrogen and hydrocarbyl groups, with the proviso that at least one of R 6  and R 7  and at least one of R 8  and R 9  is not hydrogen. 
     
     
         13 . A fuel composition comprising:
 a major amount of a fuel; and   a minor amount of an additive composition comprising:
 (a) an aminotriazole compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, and (ii) an amine compound or salt thereof of formula (I) 
   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R 1  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; and 
           (b) a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide dispersant, 
         
         wherein the ratio of (a) to (b) ranges from about 1:10 to about 10:1. 
       
     
     
         14 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein (a)(i) is chosen from hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydrides, hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acids, and esters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acids. 
     
     
         15 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent of (b) is a polyisobutylene group. 
     
     
         16 . The fuel composition of  claim 15 , wherein the polyisobutylene group is derived from high reactivity polyisobutenes having at least 60% or more terminal olefinic double bonds. 
     
     
         17 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein (a)(ii) comprises a salt of aminoguanidine. 
     
     
         18 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein (a)(ii) comprises an inorganic salt of guanidine. 
     
     
         19 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein (a)(ii) comprises aminoguanidine bicarbonate. 
     
     
         20 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein (a) comprises a bis-aminotriazole compound of formula (III) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and tautomers and enantiomers thereof, wherein R 3  is a hydrocarbyl group having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 100 to about 5000. 
     
     
         21 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , wherein the additive composition is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 wt. % to about 0.3000 wt. %, relative to the total weight of the fuel composition. 
     
     
         22 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of supplementary antifoam agents, dispersants, detergents, antioxidants, thermal stabilizers, carrier fluids, metal deactivators, dyes, markers, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, antistatic additives, drag reducing agents, friction modifiers, demulsifiers, emulsifiers, dehazers, anti-icing additives, antiknock additives, surfactants, cetane improvers, corrosion inhibitors, cold flow improvers, pour point depressants, solvents, demulsifiers, lubricity additives, extreme pressure agents, viscosity index improvers, seal swell agents, amine stabilizers, combustion improvers, dispersants, conductivity improvers, metal deactivators, marker dyes, organic nitrate ignition accelerators, manganese tricarbonyl compounds, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         23 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , further comprising a silicone-based antifoam agent. 
     
     
         24 . The fuel composition of  claim 13 , further comprising at least one triazole chosen from triazoles of formulae (IV) and (V): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10  are independently chosen from hydrogen and hydrocarbyl groups, with the proviso that at least one of R 6  and R 7  and at least one of R 8  and R 9  is not hydrogen. 
     
     
         25 . A method of improving the antifoam performance of a fuel comprising:
 combining a major amount of fuel, and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising:
 (a) an aminotriazole compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, and (ii) an amine compound or salt thereof of formula (I) 
   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R 1  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; 
           (b) a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide dispersant, 
         
         wherein the ratio of (a) to (b) ranges from about 1:10 to about 10:1.