Compositions and Methods Including Hexahydrotriazines Useful as Direct Injection Fuel Additives

Abstract

A fuel, fuel additive concentrate, and method for removing and/or preventing the occurrence of deposits in a fuel injector of an injection engine are provided. The additive concentrate contains at least one hexahydro triazine.

1 . A fuel suitable for use in a fuel injection engine comprising:
 a major amount of a fuel; and   a minor amount of an additive concentrate comprising a hexahydro triazine.   
     
     
         2 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein an alkyl group is attached to at least one nitrogen in the hexahydro triazine ring. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel of  claim 2 , wherein the alkyl group is linear. 
     
     
         4 . The fuel of  claim 2 , wherein the alkyl group is branched at a position after the beta position to the at least one nitrogen. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine comprises the product combining, mixing, admixing, or contacting one or more primary amine(s) and a formaldehyde. 
     
     
         6 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine has a molecular weight of from about 100 to about 700. 
     
     
         7 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine has a molecular weight of from about 400 to about 600. 
     
     
         8 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is selected from the group consisting of at least one of dodecylamine hexahydro triazine and octyl hexahydro triazine. 
     
     
         9 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is selected from the group consisting of at least one of the following structures: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         10 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is present in an amount sufficient to remove and/or prevent the occurrence of deposits in a fuel injector of an injection engine. 
     
     
         11 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is present in the fuel in an amount from about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm. 
     
     
         12 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is present in the fuel in an amount from about 5 ppm to about 20 ppm. 
     
     
         13 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the additive concentrate further comprises a dispersant/detergent. 
     
     
         14 . The fuel of  claim 13 , wherein the dispersant/detergent comprises at least one of an amine dispersant/detergent, an alkenyl succinimide dispersant, an alkenyl succinic acid ester dispersant, an alkenyl succinic ester-amide dispersant, a polyisobutylene amine dispersant, or a Mannich base dispersant. 
     
     
         15 . The fuel of  claim 1 , wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of middle distillate fuels, diesel fuels, gasolines, biorenewable fuels, biodiesel fuels, gas-to-liquid (GTL) fuels, jet fuels, aviation fuels, marine fuels, burner fuels, alcohols, ethers, esters, kerosene, home heating oils (for example, home heating oil no. 6), low sulfur fuels, synthetic fuels, such as Fischer-Tropsch fuels, liquid petroleum gas, bunker oils, coal to liquid (CTL) fuels, biomass to liquid (BTL) fuels, high asphaltene fuels, fuels derived from coal (natural, cleaned, and petcoke), genetically engineered biofuels and crops and extracts therefrom, natural gas, a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and a Group IV base oil. 
     
     
         16 . A method for removing and/or preventing the occurrence of deposits in a fuel injector of a fuel injection engine comprising:
 adding to and operating in an injection engine having fuel injectors a fuel composition comprising (a) a major amount of fuel and (b) a minor amount of an additive concentrate comprising a hexahydro triazine.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein an alkyl group is attached to at least one nitrogen in the hexahydro triazine ring. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the alkyl group is linear. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the alkyl group is branched at a position after the beta position to the at least one nitrogen. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine comprises the product combining, mixing, admixing, or contacting one or more primary amine(s) and a formaldehyde. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine has a molecular weight of from about 100 to about 700. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine has a molecular weight of from about 400 to about 600. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is selected from the group consisting of at least one of dodecylamine hexahydro triazine and octyl hexahydro triazine. 
     
     
         24 . The fuel of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is selected from the group consisting of at least one of the following structures: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is present in an amount sufficient to remove and/or prevent the occurrence of deposits in a fuel injector of an injection engine. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is present in the fuel in an amount from about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the hexahydro triazine is present in the fuel in an amount from about 5 ppm to about 20 ppm. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the additive concentrate further comprises a dispersant/detergent. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the dispersant/detergent comprises at least one of an amine dispersant/detergent, an alkenyl succinimide dispersant, an alkenyl succinic acid ester dispersant, an alkenyl succinic ester-amide dispersant, polyisobutylene amine dispersant, or a Mannich base dispersant. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of middle distillate fuels, diesel fuels, gasolines, biorenewable fuels, biodiesel fuels, gas-to-liquid (GTL) fuels, jet fuels, aviation fuels, marine fuels, burner fuels, alcohols, ethers, esters, kerosene, home heating oils (for example, home heating oil no. 6), low sulfur fuels, synthetic fuels, such as Fischer-Tropsch fuels, liquid petroleum gas, bunker oils, coal to liquid (CTL) fuels, biomass to liquid (BTL) fuels, high asphaltene fuels, fuels derived from coal (natural, cleaned, and petcoke), genetically engineered biofuels and crops and extracts therefrom, natural gas, a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and a Group IV base oil. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the injection engine comprises a direct injection engine. 
     
     
         32 . A fuel additive concentrate for removing and/or preventing the occurrence of deposits in a fuel injector of an injection engine comprising a hexahydro triazine. 
     
     
         33 . The additive concentrate of  claim 32 , wherein the hexahydro-triazine is a member of the group consisting of octyl hexahydro triazine and dodecylamine hexahydro triazine. 
     
     
         34 . The additive concentrate of  claim 33 , wherein the hexahydro-triazine is selected from the group consisting of at least one of the following structures: