Modifier for explosives

Abstract

Universal modifiers from the class of organic and inorganic acids and their salts of new power systems of driving force on the basis of complex complete or/and incomplete nitrates (nitroesters) monoatomic (alcohols, alkanes), diatomic (diols, glycols, alkanediols), triatomic (triols, glycerin), multinuclear (of absolute valence) alcohols, cellulose, as well as nitroamines (nitramines), azides (azoimides), nitro compounds and compositions (substances) with mixed groups and their mixes purposefully modifying their thermodynamic (thermochemical) parameters (characteristics), mechanical, physical, chemical, biochemical properties.

1 . Modifier for explosives from a range of complex complete or incomplete nitrates of monoatomic, diatomic, triatomic or multinuclear alcohols, nitrocelluloses, nitroamines, azides, nitrobenzenes, nitroanilines, nitroalkanes and their mixes being an inorganic acid chosen from the following group: orthoboric acid, phosphorous acid, orthophosphoric acid or organic acid chosen from the following group: 2-nitrobenzoic acid, 3-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-nitrobenzoic acid, or composition having the formula (1) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       Where R=—H, —OH, —COOH, —COONa, 
       R 1 =—H, —OH, —COOH, —COONH 4 , —COONa, 
       R 2 =—H, —OH, —COOH, —COONa, and 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
        R 1  and R have 
       the above-stated values, 
       Or formula (2): 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       where R=—OH, —OK, —ONH 4 , —ONa,
 R 1 =a single bond or —C 2 H 4 , 
 R 2 =is absent or H 2 O or 2H 2 O 
 
     
   
   
       2 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at
 R=—OH, R 1 =—COOH, R 2 =   
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
        is 5,5′-methylenedisalicylic acid. 
     
   
   
       3 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at
 R=—OH, R 1 =—COONH 4 , R 2 =   
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
        is diammonium salt of 5,5′-methylenedisalicylic acids. 
     
   
   
       4 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COOH, R 1 =—COOH, R 2 =—H is orthophthalic acid. 
   
   
       5 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=H, R 1 =—COOH, R 2 =—COOH is isophthalic acid. 
   
   
       6 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COOH, R 1 =H, R 2 =—COOH is terephthalic acid. 
   
   
       7 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COONa, R 1 =H, R 2 =—COONa is disodium salt of terephthalic acid. 
   
   
       8 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=H, R 1 =—COONa, R 2 =—COONa is disodium salt of metaphthalic acid. 
   
   
       9 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COOH, R 1 =—OH, R 2 =—His salicylic acid. 
   
   
       10 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—OH, R 1 =—COONa, R 2 =—His sodium salt of salicylic acid. 
   
   
       11 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COOH, R 1 =—H, R 2 =—His benzoic acid. 
   
   
       12 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COONa, R 1 =—H, R 2 =—His sodium salt of benzoic acid. 
   
   
       13 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—COOH, R 1 =—H, R 2 =—OH is para-oxybenzoic acid. 
   
   
       14 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (1) at R=—H, R 1 =—COOH, R 2 =—OH is meta-oxybenzoic acid. 
   
   
       15 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (2) at R=—OH, R 1 =single bond, R 2 -absent, is oxalic acid. 
   
   
       16 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (2) at R=—OH, R 1 =single bond, R 2 =2H 2 O is oxalic acid dihydrate. 
   
   
       17 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (2) at R=—OK, R 1 =single bond, R 2 -absent, is lemon salt. 
   
   
       18 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (2) at R=—ONa, R 1 =single bond, R 2 -absent, is sodium oxalate. 
   
   
       19 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (2) at R=—ONH 4 , R 1 =single bond, R 2 -absent, is ammonium oxalate. 
   
   
       20 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas the composition having the formula (2) at R=—OH, R 1 =—C 2 H 4 , R 2 -absent, is succinic acid. 
   
   
       21 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: glycerol trinitrate, methyl nitrate, ethyl nitrate, ethylene glycol dinitrate, propylene glycol dinitrate, mannitol hexanitrate, monochlorhydrin dinitrate, pentaerythritol tetranitrate. 
   
   
       23 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: nitroisobutyl glycerinetrinitrate or diethanol-N-nitroamine dinitrate, either diglycerin tetranitrate, or diethyleneglycol dinitrate. 
   
   
       24 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier of trinitrate of cellulose. 
   
   
       25 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: ethylene-N,N′-dinitramine or nitroguanidine, or nitrourea, or N,N′-bis(b, b, b trinitroethyl) carbamide, or N,N′-bis(b, b, b trinitroethyl)urea, or N-nitroaniline, or 4-nitrophenyl-N-methylnitroamine, or 2,4-di-nitro-N-methylaniline, or 2,4-di-nitrophenyl-N-methylnitroamine, or N-methyl-2,4,6-trinitroaniline, or N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline, or N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline, or 2,4,6-trinitroaniline. 
   
   
       26 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, or 2,4,6-trinitrochlorbenzene, or 2,4,6-trinitroresorcin, or 2,4,6-trinitroanisol, or 1,3-diamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, or 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzenes, or 2,4,6-TNT, or trinitrocreosol, or 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, or 1-methyl-3-tert-butyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, or 1,3-dimethyl-5-tert-butyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, or 2,4,6-trinitro-meta-xylene, or an isomer of tetranitrobenzene. 
   
   
       27 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane or 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazocyclooctane. 
   
   
       28 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrodiphenyl, 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrodiphenylsulphide, 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrodiphenylsulfone, 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrostylbene, 3,3′-diamino-2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrodiphenyl, 2,4,6-hexanitrodiphenylamine, an isomer of trinitronaphthalene, an isomer of tetranitronaphthalene. 
   
   
       29 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: tetranitromethane, 1,2-dinitroethane, 1,1-dinitroethane, 1,1,1-trinitroethane, hexanitroethane. 
   
   
       30 . Modifier as claimed in  claim 1  whereas it is a modifier for explosive from the range: trinitrotriazidobenzene or cyanurtriazide.