Process for monitoring a drive train component of a wind power plant

Abstract

A process for monitoring a drive train component ( 22 ) of a wind power plant ( 10 ) with a rotor ( 12 ), the rotor rpm being detected, the wind power plant being controlled such that the rotor rpm rises during an acceleration phase, during the acceleration phase vibration signals being detected by at least one vibration sensor ( 30 ) attached to the drive train component in order to detect vibration spectra at different rotor rpm, and the vibration spectra detected at different rotor rpm being displayed as a superposition spectrum in order to evaluate the state of the drive train component.

1 . Process for monitoring a drive train component of a wind power plant with a rotor, comprising the steps of:
 detecting the rotor rpm,   controlling the wind power plant so as to produce a rising rotor speed during an acceleration phase,   during the acceleration phase, detecting vibration signals by means of at least one vibration sensor attached to a drive train component for detecting vibration spectra at different rotor rpm, and   displaying vibration spectra detected at different rotor rpm as a superposition spectrum for evaluating the state of the drive train component.   
     
     
         2 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , comprising the further step of transmitting the detected vibration data online to a diagnosis site remote from the wind power plant to enable remote evaluation the state of the drive train component. 
     
     
         3 . Process in accordance with  claim 2 , wherein preprocessing of the detected vibration data, including transformation into a frequency domain, is performed prior to the online transmission step. 
     
     
         4 . Process in accordance with  claim 2 , wherein vibration data detected in normal operation of the wind power plant are also transmitted to the diagnosis site by means of the superposition spectrum with only those vibration data which were acquired in an acceleration phase being used for evaluation of the state of the drive train component. 
     
     
         5 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein said at least one vibration sensor comprises a plurality of vibration sensors attached to different measurement points on the drive train component. 
     
     
         6 . Process in accordance with  claim 5 , wherein a separate superposition spectrum is prepared for each vibration sensor. 
     
     
         7 . Process in accordance with  claim 6 , wherein the superposition spectra from the plurality of vibration sensors are displayed jointly for evaluation of the state of the drive train component. 
     
     
         8 . Process in accordance with  claim 5 , wherein a common superposition spectrum is prepared with data from several of the vibration sensors. 
     
     
         9 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein evaluation is performed using, for each frequency, the amplitude value from all individual spectra which is the highest at the time. 
     
     
         10 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the vibration spectra are recorded in a range from 0 to 2000 Hz for evaluation in the form of superposition spectra. 
     
     
         11 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the vibration spectra are recorded in a range from 0 to 100 Hz for evaluation in the form of superposition spectra. 
     
     
         12 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein sensor signals detected during the acceleration phase in the time domain are also used for evaluation of the state of the drive train component. 
     
     
         13 . Process in accordance with  claim 12 , wherein the sensor signals detected in the time domain are filtered before evaluation by means of a bandpass filter with respect to one of rotor rpm, a multiple of rotor rpm and a characteristic frequency of the drive train component. 
     
     
         14 . Process in accordance with  claim 12 , wherein the sensor signals detected in the time domain are vibration velocity signals. 
     
     
         15 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein vibration spectra are detected in the acceleration phase for rotor rpm from the start of rotation of the rotor to reaching of the rated rotor rpm. 
     
     
         16 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the sensor signals are permanently detected during the acceleration phase. 
     
     
         17 . Process in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the drive train component is a transmission by which a generator is driven by a rotor shaft.