Compositions And Methods For Separating Enantiomers

Abstract

A liquid chromatography system comprising a chiral mobile phase used to separate enantiomeric molecules present in a sample is disclosed herein. In one aspect, the mobile phase comprises a chiral solvent. In another aspect, the mobile phase includes a chiral solvent but also a buffering agent. The liquid chromatography system described herein includes both high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as high pressure capillary liquid chromatography (CapLC).

1 . A liquid chromatography reagent for isolating one or more analytes contained within a sample, comprising an aqueous phase for receiving said sample and forming a solution of said analytes, wherein said aqueous phase is a chiral mobile phase having the formula: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein 
       R 1 -R 4  are all different, and wherein the individual R group is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkanes, alkenes, alkyl groups for example C.sub.1-C.sub.24 and greater, aryl, arylalkyl, hydroxyl, halogens, esters, ethers, alcohols, saturated and/or unsaturated hydrocarbons, branched and/or unbranched hydrocarbons, amines, amidines, amides, ketone, acetone, dienes, carboxyl, sulfhydrals, sulfates, sulfonates, sulfur, enols, and combinations thereof, wherein said chiral mobile phase is selected from the group consisting of 2-butanol, 2-butylamine, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 1-amino-2-propanol, 2-amino-1-propanol, 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, propylene carbonate, 1,2-diaminopropane dihydrochloride, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, methyl-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, 1,2-dichloropropane, 2-bromopropionic acid, 2-bromopropionitrile, 2-chloropropionic acid, 2-chloropropionitrile, epichlorohydrin, 3-chloro-2-methylpropionitrle, 1-bromo-3-chloro-2-methylpropane, propylene oxide, 1,2-propanediol diacetate, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate, 1,2-diamino propane, 3-aminopyrrolidine, 4-chloro-3-hydroxy butyronitrile, 1-chloro-2-propanol, 2-chloro-1-propanol, methyl-2,3-dichloropropionate, 2-butanol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, .beta.-hydroxy-.gamma.-butyrolactone, 3-chloro-2-butanone, 4-chloromethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, 1-chloro-2-methylbutane, methyl-2-chloropropionate, and 3-hydoxy pvyrolidine, wherein said chiral mobile phase comprises from about 70% to about 100% of either a “R” or “S” enantiomer. 
     
   
   
       2 . The reagent of  claim 1 , wherein said sample has two or more enantomeric analytes. 
   
   
       3 . The reagent of  claim 1  further comprising a buffering agent. 
   
   
       4 . (canceled) 
   
   
       5 . (canceled) 
   
   
       6 . The reagent of  claim 1 , wherein said chiral mobile phase comprises from about 85% to about 100% of either a “R” or “S” enantiomer. 
   
   
       7 . The reagent of  claim 1 , wherein said chiral mobile phase comprises from about 90% to about 100% of either a “R” or “S” enantiomer. 
   
   
       8 . The reagent of  claim 1 , wherein said chiral mobile phase comprises from about 95% to about 100% of either a “R” or “S” enantiomer. 
   
   
       9 - 17 . (canceled)