Method and Device for the Thermal Treatment of Waste Materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for the thermal treatment of waste materials of all types, in which the waste is subjected to a high temperature treatment with oxygen at temperatures of above 1000° C., the organic waste components being gasified. The thereby resulting synthesis gas is removed from the high temperature reactor uncooled and uncleaned and subsequently is oxidised. The thereby resulting thermal energy of the waste gas is further used thermally. The present invention likewise relates to a corresponding device for the thermal treatment of waste of all types.

1 . Method for the thermal treatment of waste, wherein the waste is subjected to a high temperature treatment with oxygen and/or air enriched with oxygen at a temperature of above 1000° C., the organic waste components being gasified, the inorganic waste components being melted, the uncooled, uncleaned synthesis gas being oxidised and the thereby obtained waste gas being used thermally. 
   
   
       2 . Method according to  claim 1 , wherein the high temperature treatment is implemented in a high temperature reactor. 
   
   
       3 . Method according to  claim 2 , wherein in the uncooled, uncleaned synthesis gas is discharged from the high temperature reactor and is oxidised at least in one separate combustion chamber. 
   
   
       4 . Method according to  claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy is used in a waste heat boiler for the production of steam. 
   
   
       5 . Method according to  claim 4 , wherein the obtained steam is used to obtain current. 
   
   
       6 . Method according to  claim 4 , wherein the steam is used as heat carrier. 
   
   
       7 . Method according to  claim 4 , wherein the waste gases cooled in the waste heat boiler are subjected to a cleaning. 
   
   
       8 . Method according to  claim 2 , wherein the thermal energy discharged from the high temperature reactor is used in addition in the waste heat boiler as energy. 
   
   
       9 . Method according to  claim 2 , wherein a partial flow of the uncooled, uncleaned synthesis gas removed from the high temperature reactor is subjected to a shock-cooling and subsequently is cleaned. 
   
   
       10 . Method according to  claim 9 , wherein the thus obtained, cleaned synthesis gas is recycled for the thermal treatment of the waste. 
   
   
       11 . Device for the thermal treatment of waste, comprising at least one low temperature stage and at least one high temperature stage, the low temperature stage being configured in the form of a horizontal channel which discharges without interruption into a high temperature reactor and also at least one combustion chamber connected to the gas outlet of the high temperature reactor and at least one subsequent at least one-stage waste heat boiler. 
   
   
       12 . Device according to  claim 11 , wherein the waste heat boiler is connected to at least one steam turbine and to a subsequent generator. 
   
   
       13 . Device according to  claim 11 , wherein a gas branch is provided between the gas outlet of the high temperature reactor and the combustion chamber, said gas branch being connected to a subsequent shock-cooling and a gas cleaning system.