Methods for compensating beach erosion

Abstract

In accordance with at least one methodology of the present disclosure, an excavating machine (e.g., excavator, backhoe, bulldozer, etc.) moves an excavating apparatus (e.g., a bucket, blade, etc.) such that the excavating apparatus skims the underwater surface of a beach close to the shoreline to gather sand thereby forming a shallow trench in such surface. The depth of trench is small so that the effects of the sand removal to the contour of the beach is quickly compensated by the wave action of the ocean. Although the depth of the removed layer of sand is small, a significant amount of sand can be gathered by continuing the skimming operation over a much longer horizontal distance relative to the vertical depth of the removed sand. Moreover, by repeating the skimming operation along a shoreline, large amounts of sand can be gathered from the underwater surface of a beach close to the shoreline without a significant prolonged impact to the beach's underwater surface contour.

1 . A method for compensating for beach erosion, comprising the steps of:
 positioning an excavating machine on a beach;   extending a boom of the excavating machine over ocean water, the boom coupled to an excavating apparatus;   submerging the excavating apparatus into the ocean water in a region where waves of the ocean water are breaking;   partially submerging the excavating apparatus in sand of an ocean floor below the breaking waves;   skimming the partially submerged excavating apparatus along the ocean floor toward shore thereby forming a trench within the ocean floor below the breaking waves;   moving, via the excavating apparatus, sand from the trench to the shore; and   spreading the sand across the shore thereby compensating for beach erosion,   wherein wave action of the breaking waves is sufficient to fill the trench with sand such that a contour of the ocean floor is substantially unaffected by the skimming step.   
   
   
       2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the excavating apparatus is a bucket. 
   
   
       3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the excavating machine is an excavator. 
   
   
       4 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the entire bucket is moved toward the shore via the skimming step. 
   
   
       5 . The method of  claim 2 , further comprising the steps of:
 lifting the bucket from the ocean floor; and   dumping, on the shore, sand accumulated in the bucket during the skimming step.   
   
   
       6 . The method of  claim 5 , further comprising the steps of:
 returning the bucket to a point on the ocean floor from which the bucket was lifted in the lifting step; and   skimming the bucket along the ocean floor toward shore from said point.   
   
   
       7 . The method of  claim 6 , further comprising the steps of:
 moving the excavating machine to different positions down the beach;   at each of the positions, repeating extending, submerging, partially submerging, skimming, lifting, and dumping steps.   
   
   
       8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the excavating apparatus, via the partially submerging step, is submerged in the sand to a depth of less than approximately 1 foot from a surface of the ocean floor. 
   
   
       9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the depth of the excavating apparatus within the ocean floor is kept below approximately 1 foot during the skimming step. 
   
   
       10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the positioning step is performed such that a base of the excavating machine rests on the shore without being struck by the breaking waves. 
   
   
       11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the excavating apparatus is submerged in the sand to a depth of less than approximately one foot, and wherein the skimming step is performed until the excavating apparatus is full of sand. 
   
   
       12 . A method for compensating for beach erosion, comprising the steps of:
 positioning an excavating machine on a beach, the excavating machine having a bucket;   submerging at least a portion of the bucket in sand below a surface of ocean water within a proximity of a shore where ocean waves are breaking;   moving the entire bucket toward the shore while the portion is submerged in the sand such that a pile of sand is pushed by the bucket toward the shore thereby forming a trench in the surface below the breaking waves; and   spreading the pile of sand across the shore,   wherein wave action of the breaking waves is sufficient to completely fill the trench with sand.   
   
   
       13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the excavating machine is an excavator. 
   
   
       14 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the excavating apparatus is submerged less than approximately 1 foot in the sand during the moving step. 
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the positioning step is performed such that a base of the excavating machine rests on the shore without being struck by the waves during the submerging and the moving. 
   
   
       16 . A method for compensating for beach erosion, comprising the steps of:
 providing an excavating machine having an excavating apparatus;   moving the excavating apparatus over a surface of an ocean while the excavating machine is positioned on a shore;   submerging at least a portion of the excavating apparatus in sand below a surface of the ocean;   skimming the excavating apparatus across a floor of the ocean while the portion is submerged in the sand thereby pushing sand toward shore and forming a trench in the surface below breaking waves of the ocean;   placing the pushed sand on the shore; and   spreading the sand over the shore,   wherein wave action of the breaking waves is sufficient to fill the trench with sand such that a contour of the ocean floor is substantially unaffected by the skimming step.   
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the excavating apparatus is a bucket. 
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the excavating machine is an excavator. 
   
   
       19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the entire bucket is moved toward the shore via the skimming step. 
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 16 , further comprising the step of moving the excavating machine along a shoreline and repeating the extending, submerging, and skimming steps at a new location. 
   
   
       21 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the spreading step is performed by another excavating machine. 
   
   
       22 . A method for compensating for beach erosion, comprising the steps of:
 (a) positioning an excavating machine on a beach, the excavating machine having an excavating apparatus;   (b) partially submerging the excavating apparatus in sand below a surface of ocean water within a proximity of a shore where ocean waves are breaking;   (c) moving the excavating apparatus toward the shore while the excavating apparatus is partially submerged in the sand such that a pile of sand is pushed by the excavating apparatus toward the shore, thereby forming a trench in the ocean floor, wherein a depth of the trench is less than approximately 2 feet from a beginning of the trench to an end of the trench and wherein wave action by the breaking waves is sufficient to completely fill the trench with sand;   (d) repeating steps (b) and (c) at different locations along the beach thereby forming a plurality of parallel trenches; and   (e) spreading sand from each trench formed via step (c) across the shore.   
   
   
       23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the excavating apparatus is a bucket. 
   
   
       24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein the excavating machine is an excavator. 
   
   
       25 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein the entire bucket is moved toward the shore via the skimming step. 
   
   
       26 . The method of  claim 23 , further comprising the step of (f) extending a boom of the excavating machine over the surface of the ocean water such that the excavating apparatus is at a position over the ocean water, the boom coupled to the excavating apparatus, wherein the partially submerging step comprises the step of lowering the excavating apparatus from the position until the excavating apparatus is partially submerged in the sand.