Apparatus and method for dry distillation of oil shale

Abstract

An apparatus for dry distillation of oil shale, has a vibration bed with multiple layers, a gas retort, a feeding system, a feeding hole, a screen plate, a water seal tank, a discharging system, and a gas outlet. The feeding system and the feeding hole are disposed at the top of the gas retort. The screen plate is disposed on the vibration bed. The layers of the vibration bed are obliquely disposed in the gas retort. The number of layers of the vibration bed is nine. Three hot recycle gas inlets are disposed on the wall of the gas retort and respectively below the fourth layer, the fifth layer and the sixth layer of the vibration bed. A cold recycle gas inlet is disposed below the ninth layer of the vibration bed. The water seal tank and the discharging system are disposed at the bottom of the gas retort. The gas outlet is disposed at the top of the gas retort. The apparatus features a simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, and a high oil recovery and resource unitization rate.

1 . A method for dry distillation of oil shale, comprising
 inducing oil shale from the top of a gas retort and dispersing said oil shale into Z-shaped, flat and loose material flow via a vibration bed with multiple layers, part of said oil shale having granularity less than screen holes dropping via said screen holes and forming a dilute phase layer with oil shale blown up from the next layer, the rest of said oil shale having granularity greater than said screen holes forming a loose material layer that moves along a screen plate and drops on the next screen plate;   leading hot recycle gas at a temperature of 700° C. into said gas retort from the bottom of the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth layer of said vibration bed whereby forming vertical airflow and horizontal airflow;   mixing said vertical airflow and said horizontal airflow with said oil shale whereby generating mixing flow of said oil shale and said gas;   leading cold recycle gas from the bottom of said gas retort and cooling semi coke that has been dry distilled to 250° C.;   dropping said semi coke into a water seal tank, cooling it to 80° C. and discharging it via a discharging system disposed at the bottom of said gas retort;   discharging dry distillation gas and recycle gas from the top of said gas retort and transmitting them to a heating furnace after removing dust and recovering oil; and   heating the dry distillation gas to 700° C. via a heating furnace and transferring it to said gas retort.   
   
   
       2 . The method for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein granularity of said oil shale is below 12 mm. 
   
   
       3 . The method for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein granularity of said oil shale is below 6 mm. 
   
   
       4 . The method for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein a height of each of said fourth layer, said fifth layer, and said sixth layer of said vibration bed is 4.5 m-5 m. 
   
   
       5 . The method for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein said fourth layer, said fifth layer, and said sixth layer of said vibration bed are dry distillation sections. 
   
   
       6 . The method for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein moving speeds of oil shale on different layers are varied by adjusting a motor frequency of each layer of said vibration bed. 
   
   
       7 . The method for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein time of keeping materials in said gas retort is varied by adjusting a motor frequency of each layer of said vibration bed 
   
   
       8 . An apparatus for dry distillation of oil shale, comprising
 a vibration bed ( 3 ) with multiple layers;   a gas retort ( 4 );   a feeding system ( 1 );   a feeding hole;   a screen plate;   a water seal tank ( 7 );   a discharging system ( 8 ); and   a gas outlet ( 12 );   
     wherein
 said feeding system ( 1 ) and said feeding hole are disposed at the top of said gas retort ( 4 ); 
 said screen plate is disposed on said vibration bed ( 3 ); 
 said layers of said vibration bed are obliquely disposed in said gas retort ( 4 ); 
 the number of layers of said vibration bed ( 3 ) is nine; 
 three hot recycle gas inlets ( 5 ), ( 10 ) and ( 11 ) are disposed on the wall of said gas retort ( 4 ) and respectively below the fourth layer, the fifth layer and the sixth layer of said vibration bed ( 3 ); 
 a cold recycle gas inlet ( 6 ) is disposed below the ninth layer of said vibration bed ( 3 ); 
 said water seal tank ( 7 ) and said discharging system ( 8 ) are disposed at the bottom of said gas retort ( 4 ); and 
 said gas outlet ( 12 ) is disposed at the top of said gas retort ( 4 ). 
 
   
   
       9 . The apparatus for dry distillation of oil shale of  claim 1 , wherein the obliquely disposed layers of said vibration bed ( 3 ) form a Z-shaped structure.