Liquid Additives for the Stabilization of Lubricant Compositions

Abstract

A lubricating oil composition comprising: (A) a base stock; and (B) a liquid additive package. The liquid additive package comprises: (i) an alkylated diphenylamine; (ii) at least 5 weight % of a phenyl naphthylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; and (iii) a sulfur-containing phenol.

1 . A lubricating oil composition comprising:
 (A) a base stock; and   (B) a liquid additive package,   wherein the additive package comprises:
 (i) an alkylated diphenylamine; 
 (ii) at least about 5 weight percent of a phenyl naphthylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; and 
 (iii) a sulfur-containing phenol. 
   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the phenyl naphthylamine in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the phenyl naphthylamine in an amount ranging from about 10 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount ranging from about 5 to about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount ranging from about 10 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount of at least about 10 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount at least about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount ranging from about 50 to about 99 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount at least about 50 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package, and the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount of at least about 1 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount at least about 70 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package, the phenyl naphthylamine in an amount of at least about 10 wt % and the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount of at least about 5 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the additive package has a viscosity ranging from about 100 to about 50,000 cP at 25° C. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the additive package has a viscosity ranging from about 1,000 to about 25,000 cP at 25° C. 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of alkylated diphenylamine to sulfur-containing phenol in the additive package is at least about 6:1. 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 13 , wherein the weight ratio of alkylated diphenylamine to phenyl naphthylamine in the additive package is at least about 4:1. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of phenyl naphthylamine to sulfur-containing phenol in the additive package ranges from about 1:5: to about 5:1. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of alkylated diphenylamine and phenyl naphthylamine, combined, to sulfur-containing phenol is at least about 4:1. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the base stock in an amount at least about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and the additive package in an amount at least about 0.1 weight percent based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the base stock in an amount at least about 90 weight percent, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and the additive package in an amount at least about 0.5 weight percent based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of base stock to additive package ranges from about 50:50 to about 99.9:0.1. 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock is selected from a group consisting of natural lubricating oil, synthetic lubricating oil, lard oil, vegetable oil, oleic soybean oil, high oleic soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, jojoba oil, canola oil, castor oil, sunflower oil, petroleum oil, mineral oil, and oils derived from coal or shale, oils obtained by isomerization of synthetic wax and wax, white oils, hydrocrackate oils produced by hydrocracking the aromatic and polar components of crude oil, polymerized and interpolymerized olefins, alkylbenzenes, polyphenyls, alkylated diphenyl ethers, alkylated diphenyl sulfides, alkylene oxide polymers, interpolymers, copolymers, and derivatives thereof, esters of carboxylic acids, silicon-based oils, liquid esters of phosphorus-containing acids, polymeric tetrahydrofurans, poly-α-olefins and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated diphenylamine is selected from a group consisting of diphenylamine, monoalkylated diphenylamine, dialkylated diphenylamine, trialkylated diphenylamine, 3-hydroxydiphenylamine, 4-hydroxydiphenylamine, mono- and/or di-tert-butyl diphenylamine, mono- and or di-diheptyldiphenylamine, mono- and/or di-octyldiphenylamine, di-octyl diphenylamine, mono- and/or dononyldiphenylamine, mono- and/or di-dodecyl diphenylamine, hexadecyl diphenylamine, eicosenyl diphenylamine, tetracosenyl diphenylamine, octacosenyl diphenylamine, polyisobutyl diphenylamine, mono and/or di-(α-methylstyryl)diphenylamine, mono- and/or di-styryidiphenylamine, 4-(p-toluenesulfonoamido)diphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, t-octylated N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, mixtures of mono- and di-alkylated t-butyl-t-octyldiphenylamine and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the sulfur-containing phenol is represented by Formula I 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  is a sulfur-containing alkyl, a sulfur-containing aryl group, a sulfur-containing alkene or a sulfur-containing carboxylic acid; and 
         wherein R 2  and R 3  are alkyl, aryl or hydrogen. 
       
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock is a food grade lubricant. 
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition exhibits a pressurized differential scanning calorimeter oxidation induction time at least about 25 minutes. 
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition exhibits a pressurized differential scanning calorimeter oxidation induction time of about 40 minutes. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition has a Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test value of less than about 50 milligrams. 
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition has a Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test value of less than about 40 milligrams. 
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
 (A) about 99 weight percent of the base stock, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition; and   (B) about 1 weight percent of the additive package, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition,   wherein the additive package comprises:
 (i) about 70 weight percent of alkylated diphenylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; 
 (ii) about 15 weight percent of phenyl-α-naphthylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; and 
 (iii) about 15 weight percent of sulfur-containing phenol, based on the weight of the additive package. 
   
     
     
         29 . A liquid additive package comprising:
 (A) an alkylated diphenylamine;   (B) at least 5 weight percent of a phenyl naphthylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; and   (C) a sulfur-containing phenol.   
     
     
         30 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the phenyl naphthylamine in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         31 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the phenyl naphthylamine in an amount ranging from about 10 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         32 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount ranging from about 5 to about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         33 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount ranging from about 10 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         34 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount of at least about 10 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         35 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount at least about 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         36 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount ranging from about 50 to about 99 weight percent, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         37 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount at least about 50 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package, and the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount of at least about 1 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         38 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the composition comprises the alkylated diphenylamine in an amount at least about 70 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package, the phenyl naphthylamine in an amount of at least about 10 wt % and the sulfur-containing phenol in an amount of at least about 5 wt %, based on the weight of the additive package. 
     
     
         39 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the additive package has a viscosity ranging from about 100 to about 50,000 cP at 25° C. 
     
     
         40 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the additive package has a viscosity ranging from about 1,000 to about 25,000 cP at 25° C. 
     
     
         41 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the weight ratio of alkylated diphenylamine to sulfur-containing phenol in the additive package is at least about 6:1. 
     
     
         42 . The additive package of  claim 41 , wherein the weight ratio of alkylated diphenylamine to phenyl naphthylamine in the additive package is at least about 4:1. 
     
     
         43 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the weight ratio of phenyl naphthylamine to sulfur-containing phenol in the additive package ranges from about 1:5: to about 5:1. 
     
     
         44 . The additive package of  claim 29 , wherein the weight ratio of alkylated diphenylamine and phenyl naphthylamine, combined, to sulfur-containing phenol is at least about 4:1. 
     
     
         45 . A method of producing a liquid additive package comprising:
 combining
 (i) alkylated diphenylamine; 
 (ii) at least about 5 weight percent of a phenyl naphthylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; and 
 (iii) a sulfur-containing phenol. 
   
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 45 , wherein the combining is performed under nitrogen. 
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 45 , wherein the ratio of phenyl naphthylamine to alkylated diphenylamine ranges from about 1:20 to about 1:3. 
     
     
         48 . A method of producing a lubricating oil composition comprising:
 (A) providing a base stock; and   (B) blending with the base stock a liquid additive package comprising:
 (i) alkylated diphenylamine; 
 (ii) at least 5 weight percent of a phenyl naphthylamine, based on the weight of the additive package; and 
 (iii) a sulfur-containing phenol. 
   
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 48 , wherein the base stock base stock is in an amount at least about 90 weight percent, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and the additive package is in an amount at least about 0.5 weight percent based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.