Functionalized olefin copolymer additive composition

Abstract

An additive concentrate comprising a viscosity index modifying copolymer comprising the reaction product of an acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer and a polyamine, and lubricating compositions containing the same are provided. Methods of improving boundary film resistance of a lubricating composition and modifying the viscosity of a lubricating composition are also provided.

1 . An additive concentrate comprising:
 a carrier or diluent oil; and   a viscosity index modifying copolymer comprising the reaction product of an acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer and a polyamine, wherein the polyamine comprises at least two primary or secondary amine functional groups.   
     
     
         2 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein the carrier or diluent oil is present in an amount ranging from about 20 to about 90 weight percent, on an active ingredient basis, and the viscosity index modifying copolymer is present in an amount ranging from about 3 to about 45 weight percent of a viscosity index modifying copolymer. 
     
     
         3 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein the acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer comprises a copolymer of ethylene and one or more C 3 -C 28  alpha-olefins. 
     
     
         4 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein the acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer has a number average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 45,000. 
     
     
         5 . The additive concentrate of  claim 3 , wherein said C 3 -C 28  alpha-olefin is selected from the group consisting of propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, styrene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 4-methylbutene-1,5-methylpentene-1,6-methylheptene-1, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , wherein said polyamine is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) 4,4-diaminodiphenylamine represented by formula (I):   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
          wherein R 1  and R 2  are each independently H or alkyl group comprising from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms; 
         (b) polytetrahydrofuran bis(aminopropyl) terminated; 
         (c) hexamethylene diamine; 
         (d) bis(aminopropyl)piperazine; and 
         (e) phenylenediamine represented by formula (II): 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
          wherein R 1  and R 2  are each independently H or alkyl group comprising from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms. 
       
     
     
         7 . The additive concentrate of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of additional viscosity index improvers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, pour point depressants, antiwear agents, antifoamants, demulsifiers, and friction modifiers. 
     
     
         8 . A lubricating composition comprising:
 a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and   a minor amount of an additive concentrate comprising a viscosity index modifying copolymer comprising the reaction product of an acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer and a polyamine, wherein the polyamine comprises at least two primary or secondary amine functional groups.   
     
     
         9 . The lubricating composition of  claim 8 , wherein the acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer comprises a copolymer of ethylene and one or more C 3 -C 28  alpha-olefins. 
     
     
         10 . The lubricating composition of  claim 9 , wherein said C 3 -C 28  alpha-olefin is selected from the group consisting of propylene, 1-butene; 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, styrene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 4-methylbutene-1,5-methylpentene-1,6-methylheptene-1, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The lubricating composition of  claim 8 , wherein the acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer has a number average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 45,000 
     
     
         12 . The lubricating composition of  claim 8 , wherein said polyamine is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) 4,4-diaminodiphenylamine represented by formula (I):   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
          wherein R 1  and R 2  are each independently H or alkyl group comprising from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms; 
         (b) polytetrahydrofuran bis(aminopropyl) terminated; 
         (c) hexamethylene diamine; 
         (d) bis(aminopropyl)piperazine; and 
         (e) phenylenediamine represented by formula (II): 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
          wherein R 1  and R 2  are each independently H or alkyl group comprising from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms. 
       
     
     
         13 . The lubricating composition of  claim 8 , wherein the viscosity index modifying copolymer is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. %, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         14 . The lubricating composition of  claim 8 , wherein the viscosity index modifying copolymer is present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 wt. % to about 1.0 wt. %, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         15 . The lubricating composition of  claim 8 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting essentially of additional viscosity index improvers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, pour point depressants, antiwear agents, antifoamants, demulsifiers, and friction modifiers. 
     
     
         16 . A method of improving boundary film resistance of a lubricating composition, said method comprising:
 providing a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and   mixing with said oil a minor amount of an additive concentrate comprising a viscosity index modifying copolymer comprising the reaction product of an acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer and a polyamine, wherein the polyamine comprises at least two primary or secondary amine functional groups.   
     
     
         17 . A method of modifying the viscosity of a lubricating composition, said method comprising:
 providing a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and   mixing with said oil a minor amount of an additive concentrate comprising a viscosity index modifying copolymer comprising the reaction product of an acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer and a polyamine, wherein the polyamine comprises at least two primary or secondary amine functional groups.   
     
     
         18 . A method of lubricating an automotive engine, said method comprising adding to and operating in the crankcase of said automotive engine a lubricating composition comprising:
 a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and   a minor amount of an additive concentrate comprising a viscosity index modifying copolymer comprising the reaction product of an acylated ethylene-olefin copolymer and a polyamine, wherein the polyamine comprises at least two primary or secondary amine functional groups.