System for constructing a semi-prefabricated building

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for constructing a semi-prefabricated building which is formed by a plurality of slabs corresponding to the outer walls ( 2 - 2′ ) and ( 16 - 16′ ), floor ( 1 ) and roof ( 20 ) of the dwelling. The slabs are molded “in situ” on the construction site itself and the respective erection of the outer slabs ( 2 - 2′ ) and ( 16 - 16′ ) and the lifting of the slab ( 21 ) are carried by means of lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5′ - 6′ ) located in the gaps ( 3 - 4 ) and ( 3 ′- 4′ ) and openings ( 21 ) of the outer wall slabs and of the roof slab respectively, they first erect the slabs corresponding to the larger outer walls ( 2 - 2′ ) and then those corresponding to the smaller walls ( 16 - 16′ ) and finally the roof slab ( 31 ) is lifted. The mentioned gaps and openings respectively have anchoring elements ( 7 ) and ( 22 ) for connecting the slabs to the lifting means.

1 . A system for constructing a semi-prefabricated building which is formed by a plurality of slabs corresponding to the outer walls, floor and roof of the dwelling, the outer wall slabs and having a plurality of gaps and corresponding to the windows and doors, comprising two of the outer wall slabs being located parallel to one another in a horizontal position on the floor slab, one of the sides of each wall being aligned respectively with one of the parallel edges of the floor slab, lifting means and being fixed on the floor slab, which means have a fixed part and another moving part with respect to said slab, being located respectively in the gaps and of the windows of the outer wall slabs and the moving part of said lifting means remaining joined to anchoring elements located in the mentioned gaps and fixed to the slabs, the outer wall slabs being lifted due to the lowering thereof with respect to their lower edge until said slabs are located in a vertical position and a support structure being subsequently placed on the gaps of the windows opposing one another of each of the outer wall slabs, which support structure is in turn fixed to both slabs by means of fixing elements, repeating the described operations for the case of the other two outer walls and joining the slabs of the four outer walls and to one another, and in that the roof slab is located in the gap delimited by the four outer walls and supported in the floor slab, which floor slab has a plurality of openings located in coincidence with the position of the lifting means and used in the previous steps, the moving part of said lifting means and being joined to anchoring elements located in the mentioned openings, the roof slab being lifted to a height above the height of the outer wall slabs and, the roof slab being joined to the upper edge of the slabs of the four outer walls. 
   
   
       2 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein each of the outer wall slabs and has at least one gap for the windows. 
   
   
       3 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the lifting means and comprise hydraulic jacks, at least one of said hydraulic jacks being located in at least two of the gaps of the windows of the outer wall slabs. 
   
   
       4 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein at least two metal reinforcing bars in the form of angle bracket are used to join the outer wall slabs and, one of such bars being located on the inner face of the mentioned slabs and the other bar being located on the outer face, and being fixed to one another and to the corresponding slab, subsequently pouring the mass concrete. 
   
   
       5 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the outer wall slabs and the roof slab have a plurality of pins and respectively perpendicular to the edges of said slabs, said pins having curved ends. 
   
   
       6 . A system according to  claim 5 , wherein the pins corresponding to the roof slab are initially bent and when the roof slab is lifted above the upper edge of the outer wall slabs and, said rods are straightened. 
   
   
       7 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the anchoring elements, located in the gaps of the windows of the outer wall slabs and connected to the moving part of the lifting means and, comprise at least one rod having a curved central portion for its seating on said moving part and the ends of which are joined to the outer wall slab and in the stage of molding it. 
   
   
       8 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the support structure is formed by two parallel bars, the fixing elements for fixing the support structure to the outer wall slabs and being located on each of such bars, said joining means comprising two clamps, one of which is located on the inner face of the wall slab and the other of which is located on the outer face thereof, respective threaded bushings being located after said clamps, which bushings will have the possibility of being threaded on threaded sections made in each of the bars. 
   
   
       9 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing bars used to join the roof slab with the outer wall slabs and comprise an inner angle bracket and an outer mold provided on each of its faces with a wavy surface defining a projection in the cornice of said roof slab after it is joined to the mentioned outer wall slabs and by means of mass concrete.