Stabilizer compositions for blends of petroleum and renewable fuels

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a fuel oil composition comprising stabilized Renewable Fuel feed stocks or the blends of Petroleum based fuels with such Renewable Fuels. Also described herein are additive compositions for increasing stability of Renewable Fuel feed stocks or the blends of Petroleum based fuels with such Renewable Fuels.

1 ) A fuel composition comprising:
 a. a Renewable Bio Feedstock Component,   b. a Petroleum Based Component, and   c. a Multifunctional Stabilizer Package.   
     
     
         2 ) The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Renewable Bio Feedstock Component is characterized as a bio diesel which is the product of trans-esterification of naturally occurring whole oils of plants or animals with an alcohol, or the ester of a fatty acid derived from naturally occurring oils, and an alcohol. 
     
     
         3 ) The fuel composition of  claim 2 , wherein said natural oils are selected from the group consisting of Soy, Palm, Rapeseed, Linseed, Coconut, Corn, Cotton, Cooking, Sunflower, Safflower, Tallow, Lard, Yellow Grease, Fish Oils and blends thereof. 
     
     
         4 ) The fuel composition of  claim 2 , wherein said alcohol is selected from the group consisting of linear, branched, alkyl, aromatic, primary, secondary, tertiary, and polyols. 
     
     
         5 ) The fuel oil composition of  1 , wherein said Petroleum Based Component is described as a middle distillate fuel, a heavy fuel oil, a jet fuel or a Fischer-Tropsch fuel. 
     
     
         6 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Petroleum Based Component of the fuel oil contains less then about 5000 ppm by mass of Sulfur. 
     
     
         7 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Petroleum Based Component of the fuel oil contains less then about 500 ppm by mass of Sulfur. 
     
     
         8 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Petroleum Based Component of the fuel oil contains less then about 17 ppm by mass of Sulfur. 
     
     
         9 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein the said Renewable Bio Feedstock Component content of the fuel is between about 0%-to about 100% by volume of the finished fuel. 
     
     
         10 ) The fuel oil composition of  1 , wherein said Renewable Bio Feedstock Component content of the fuel is between about 1%-to about 30% by volume of the finished fuel. 
     
     
         11 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Petroleum Based Component content of the fuel is between about 0.1% to about 100% by volume of the finished fuel. 
     
     
         12 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Petroleum Based Component content of the fuel is between about 70% to about 99% by volume of the finished fuel. 
     
     
         13 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 1 , wherein said Multifunctional Stabilizer Package is described as a suitable combination of one or more members of the group consisting of:
 a. a Free Radical Chain Termination Agent,   b. a Peroxide Decomposition Agents,   c. an Acid Scavenger,   d. a Photochemical Stabilizer,   e. a Gum Dispersant, and   f. a Metal Sequestering Agent.   
     
     
         14 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Free Radical Chain Termination agent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenols, alkyl phenylenediamines, quinones, and nitro compounds. 
     
     
         15 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said alkyl phenols are selected from the group consisting of Alkyl phenols (2,6-di-tertbutyl phenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butylphenol, tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA)); dihydroxy benzenes (1,4-dihydroxy benzene 1,3-dihydroxy benzene, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene); trihydroxy benzenes (1,2,3 trihydroxy benzene); poly cyclic aromatics containing one to three hydroxyl groups and gallic acid derivatives (Octyl Gallate). 
     
     
         16 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said alkyl phenylenediamines are selected from the group consisting of (N,N′-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine and N-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine. 
     
     
         17 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said quinones compounds are selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-Trimethylbenzoquinone, 2,3-Dimethylbenzoquinone, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylbenzoquinone, 2-Methylnaphthoquinone, t-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). 
     
     
         18 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said nitro compounds are selected from the group consisting of Nitro Benzene, Di-Nitrobenzene, Nitro-Toluene, Nitro-Napthalene, and Di-Nitro Napthalene. 
     
     
         19 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Peroxide Decomposition Agents are selected from the group containing Sulfur, Nitrogen and Phosphorus compounds. 
     
     
         20 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Nitrogen compounds are represented by the general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein,
 R, R′, R″ can be alkyl-linear, branched, saturated, unsaturated C 1-30 , aromatic, cyclic, poly alkoxy, poly-cyclic; 
 R, R′ can also contain other hetero atoms such as O, N, S, and P, and their resultant functional groups; 
 R and R′ can be alternatively incorporated in a cyclic system containing 3 to 12 atoms. 
 
     
     
         21 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Acid Scavengers are selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary amines, and their derivatives 
     
     
         22 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Acid Scavengers are represented by general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein,
 R, R′ can be H, alkyl-linear, branched, saturated, unsaturated, C 1-30 ; aromatic, cyclic, poly alkoxy and carbonyl, 
 R, R′ can also contain other hetero atoms such as O, N, S, and P, and their resultant functional groups, 
 R′ and R′ can be incorporated in a cyclic system containing 3-12 members 
 Z can be R or 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         X can be 1-6, and 
         Y can be 1-6. 
       
     
     
         23 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Photochemical Stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of hindered amine light stabilizers. 
     
     
         24 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Gum Dispersant is a polymeric dispersants selected from the group consisting of the polymers of: ethylene and unsaturated esters; vinyl alcohols, vinyl ethers and their ester with organic acids; propylene, ethylene, isobutylene adducts with unsaturated carboxylic acids (such as maleic and fumaric acids) and their amide or imide derivatives; acrylic acids and their amide or esters derivatives; poly styrenes; and polymers made from combinations of these monomers. 
     
     
         25 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Metal Sequestering Agents are selected from the group consisting of DMD, Citric acid, and Ethylene diamine tetraacetic Acid (EDTA). 
     
     
         26 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , where in said Metal Sequestering Agent is DMD. 
     
     
         27 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Free Radical Chain Termination Agent is present in the formulation between about 0 to about 100%, said Free Radical Decomposition Agent is present in the formulation between 0-100%, said Photochemical Stabilizer about 0.0 to about 100%, and said Metal Sequestering Agent is present in the formulation between about 0 to about 25% of said Multifunctional Stabilizer Package. 
     
     
         28 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said Free radical Chain Termination Agent is preferably present in the formulation between about 25 to about 85%, said Free radical Decomposition Agent can be present in the formulation between about 15 to about 65%, said Photochemical Stabilizer preferably present in the formulation between about 0.0 to about 10%, and said Metal Sequestering Agent can be present in the formulation between about 1 to about 3% of said Multifunctional Stabilizer Package. 
     
     
         29 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , additionally comprising or obtainable by mixing the additive(s) with carriers or diluents. 
     
     
         30 ) The fuel oil composition of  claim 13 , wherein said carriers and diluents are selected from the group consisting of aromatic, aliphatic hydrocarbons; alcohols; and carbonyl containing material such as aldehydes, ketones, esters, and amides. 
     
     
         31 ) A method of increasing the storage stability of a renewable fuel by metering into the renewable fuel, the Multi Functional Stabilizer Package up to 3% by volume of the renewable fuel. 
     
     
         32 ) A method of increasing the storage stability of a fuel composition by metering into the Bio/Petroleum fuel blends the Multi Functional Stabilizer Package up to 3% by volume of the Bio/Petroleum fuel blend. 
     
     
         33 ) The fuel composition of  claim 1 , in combination with additives selected from the group consisting of, (a) static dissipaters/electrical-conductivity improver additive, (b) low temperature operability/cold flow additives, (c) corrosion inhibitors, (d) lubricity improvers, (e) cetane improvers, (f) detergents, and (g) dyes and markers. 
     
     
         34 ) A method of operating an internal combustion engine such as a compression-ignition engine using, as fuel for the engine, a fuel oil composition of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         35 ) The method of  claim 34 , wherein said selected fuel oil has a composition of about 1% to about 30% bio component with the remainder being a Petroleum Component. 
     
     
         36 ) The method of  claim 34 , wherein said Petroleum Component of the Bio/Petroleum blends is a middle distillate fuel containing less than 500 ppm by mass of sulphur.