Refrigeration installation having a warm and a cold connection element and having a heat pipe which is connected to the connection elements

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigerating arrangement ( 100 ) comprising a hot connection element and a cold connection element ( 101, 103 ) and a heat exchanger tube arranged between said connection elements ( 101, 103 ). The heat exchanger tube ( 105 ) is to be at least partially filled with a liquid ( 106 ) that can be circulated in the heat exchanger tube ( 105 ) by a thermosiphon effect. The parts ( 102 ) to be cooled of a device, especially used in superconductivity technology, are connected to the hot connection element ( 101 ), and a heat sink ( 104 ) is connected to the cold connection element ( 103 ). In order to thermally separate the connection elements ( 101, 103 ), the liquid ( 106 ) can be pumped out by means of a pipeline ( 107 ) connected to the inside of the heat exchanger tube ( 105 ).

1 .- 15 . (canceled) 
   
   
       16 . A refrigeration installation, comprising:
 a warm connection element which is thermally connected to a part to be cooled;   a heat sink;   a cold connection element which is thermally connected to the heat sink;   a heat pipe made of a material of poor thermal conductivity, said heat pipe having a first end connected to the warm connection element and a second end mechanically detachably connected to the cold connection element, said heat pipe having an interior which is at least partially filled with a fluid which circulates on the basis of a thermosiphon effect, and   a pipeline having a first end connected to the interior of the heat pipe, said pipeline being constructed such that at least a part of the pipeline is geodetically higher than a fluid level in the interior of the heat pipe, wherein the fluid is pumped out via the pipeline for thermal isolation of the warm and cold connection elements.   
   
   
       17 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , further comprising a cryostat which accommodates the part to be cooled and is evacuatable, said pipeline having a second end located outside the cryostat. 
   
   
       18 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 17 , further comprising a heat shield which is arranged within the cryostat, and a multistage refrigeration machine having a first stage, which is mechanically detachably connected to the heat shield, and a second stage, which forms the heat sink. 
   
   
       19 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 18 , wherein the refrigeration machine has at least one part which is replaceably fitted in a maintenance area which is separated from the cryostat and evacuatable. 
   
   
       20 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the fluid is a two-phase mixture. 
   
   
       21 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , constructed for rotation about a rotation axis in substantial parallel relationship to an axis of symmetry of the heat pipe, wherein the heat pipe has a first area which is connected to the warm connection element, a second area which is connected to the cold connection element, and a connecting part which connects the first and second areas to one another, said first area defined by a cross section which is greater than a cross section of the second area, said connecting part being constructed such that coolant which has condensed in the second area is able to flow unimpeded under the influence of force of gravity into the first area. 
   
   
       22 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 21 , wherein the pipeline has a second end, said first and second ends of the pipeline being connected to the heat pipe and an outside of the cryostat, respectively, in close proximity to the axis of symmetry of the heat pipe, said pipeline having between the first and second ends an intermediate area in closer proximity the rotation axis. 
   
   
       23 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 22 , wherein the intermediate area has a V-shaped bend extending in a direction of the rotation axis. 
   
   
       24 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 21 , wherein the heat pipe is configured essentially in the form of a truncated cone. 
   
   
       25 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 17 , further comprising a cooling system which comprises:
 a coolant area connected to the cold connection element,   a supply line fluidly communicating with the coolant area for supply of a second coolant to the coolant area from a geodetically higher point outside the cryostat,   a pipeline system thermally which is connected over a large area to the part to be cooled and in which the second coolant is able to circulate based on a thermosiphon effect, and   an off-gas line for discharge of second coolant in gaseous state from the pipeline system.   
   
   
       26 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the warm and cold connection elements are each made of highly thermally conductive material. 
   
   
       27 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the warm and cold connection elements are each made of copper. 
   
   
       28 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the heat pipe is made of a material having a thermal conductivity which is lower than a thermal conductivity of copper. 
   
   
       29 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the heat pipe is made of a material having a thermal conductivity which is lower than a thermal conductivity of stainless steel. 
   
   
       30 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the part to be cooled is a superconducting part. 
   
   
       31 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 16 , wherein the part to be cooled is a component of a gantry device for beam therapy. 
   
   
       32 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 31 , wherein the part to be cooled is a magnet for deflection of a particle beam. 
   
   
       33 . The refrigeration installation of  claim 31 , wherein the part to be cooled is a superconducting magnet for deflection of a particle beam.