Nonaqueous electrolyte battery containing a negative electrode of lithium-titanium composite oxide, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

A nonaqueous electrolyte battery, containing a case and provided in the case, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode comprises a lithium-titanium composite oxide, wherein a crystallite diameter of the lithium-titanium composite oxide is not larger than 6.9×10 2 Å. The lithium-titanium composite oxide comprises: rutile TiO 2 ; anatase TiO 2 ; Li 2 TiO 3 ; and a lithium titanate having a spinel structure. A main peak intensity relative to lithium titanate set at 100, as determined by X-ray diffractometry, of each of lithium titanate having a spinel structure, the rutile TiO 2 , the anatase TiO 2 and Li 2 TiO 3 is not larger than 7.

1 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising:
 a case;   a positive electrode provided in the case;   a negative electrode provided in the case; and   a nonaqueous electrolyte provided in the case;   wherein
 the negative electrode comprises a lithium-titanium composite oxide, 
 a crystallite diameter of the lithium-titanium composite oxide is not larger than 6.9×10 2  Å, 
   the lithium-titanium composite oxide comprises:
 rutile TiO 2 ; 
 anatase TiO 2 ; 
 Li 2 TiO 3 ; and 
 a lithium titanate having a spinel structure; 
   a main peak intensity relative to lithium titanate set at 100, as determined by X-ray diffractometry, of each of lithium titanate having a spinel structure, the rutile TiO 2 , the anatase TiO 2  and Li 2 TiO 3  is not larger than 7.   
   
   
       2 . The battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the crystallite diameter is not smaller than 1.5×10 2  Å. 
   
   
       3 . The battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the crystallite diameter is not smaller than 2.6×10 2  Å. 
   
   
       4 . The battery according to  claim 1 , wherein a main peak intensity relative to lithium titanate set at 100, as determined by X-ray diffractometry, of each of lithium titanate having a spinel structure, the rutile TiO 2 , the anatase TiO 2  and Li 2 TiO 3  is not larger than 3. 
   
   
       5 . The battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises at least two solvents selected from the group of solvents consisting of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and γ-butyrolactone. 
   
   
       6 . The battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises γ-butyrolactone. 
   
   
       7 . The battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode contains a compound represented by
   Li a Ni b Co c Mn d O 2      wherein   0≦a≦1.1,   0.1≦b≦0.5,   0≦c≦0.9, and   0.1≦d≦0.5.   
   
   
       8 . A battery pack comprising a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 . 
   
   
       9 . The battery pack according to  claim 8  further comprising a protective circuit which detects a voltage of the nonaqueous battery. 
   
   
       10 . A vehicle comprising a nonaqueous battery according to  claim 1 . 
   
   
       11 . A lithium-titanium composite oxide comprising:
 rutile TiO 2 ;   anatase TiO 2 ;   Li 2 TiO 3 ; and   a lithium titanate having a spinel structure;   wherein   a crystallite diameter is not larger than 6.9×10 2  Å, and   a main peak intensity relative to lithium titanate set at 100, as determined by X-ray diffractometry, of each of lithium titanate having a spinel structure, the rutile TiO 2 , the anatase TiO 2  and Li 2 TiO 3  is not larger than 7.   
   
   
       12 . The lithium-titanium composite oxide according to  claim 11 , wherein the crystallite diameter is not smaller than 1.5×10 2  Å. 
   
   
       13 . The lithium-titanium composite oxide according to  claim 11 , wherein the crystallite diameter is not smaller than 2.6×10 2  Å. 
   
   
       14 . The lithium-titanium composite oxide according to  claim 11 , wherein a main peak intensity relative to lithium titanate set at 100, as determined by X-ray diffractometry, of each of lithium titanate having a spinel structure, the rutile TiO 2 , the anatase TiO 2  and Li 2 TiO 3  is not larger than 3.