Device And Method Of Combusting Solid Fuel With Oxygen

Abstract

The present invention is a method of combustion of a solid fuel stream with oxygen. The present invention includes introducing a first stream, comprising a first portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a first conduit. The present invention includes introducing a second stream, comprising a solid fuel stream and a conveying media, into a second conduit, wherein the second conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit. The present invention includes introducing a third stream, comprising a second portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a third conduit, wherein the third conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit and the second conduit. The present invention includes igniting the first stream, the second stream, and the third stream as they exit the first conduit, the second conduit and the third conduit, in such a way as to create a flame. The present invention includes introducing a fourth stream, comprising a first portion of ballast gas, into a fourth conduit, wherein the fourth conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit, the second conduit, and the third conduit. The present invention includes introducing a fifth stream, comprising a second portion of ballast gas, into a fifth conduit, wherein the fifth conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit, the second conduit, the third conduit and the fourth conduit.

1 . A method of combustion of a solid fuel stream, comprising:
 a) introducing a first stream, comprising a first portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a first conduit,   b) introducing a second stream, comprising a solid fuel stream and a conveying media, into a second conduit, wherein said second conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, said first conduit,   c) introducing a third stream, comprising a second portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a third conduit, wherein said third conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, said first conduit and said second conduit,   d) igniting said first stream, said second stream, and said third stream as they exit said first conduit, said second conduit and said third conduit, in such a way as to create a flame,   e) introducing a fourth stream, comprising a first portion of ballast gas, into a fourth conduit, wherein said fourth conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, said first conduit, said second conduit, and said third conduit, and   f) introducing a fifth stream, comprising a second portion of ballast gas, into a fifth conduit, wherein said fifth conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, said first conduit, said second conduit, said third conduit and said fourth conduit.   
   
   
       2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said conveying media is recycled flue gas, substantially pure oxygen, or a combination. 
   
   
       3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said solid fuel is coal. 
   
   
       4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said first portion of ballast gas is recycled flue gas. 
   
   
       5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said second portion of ballast gas is recycled flue gas. 
   
   
       6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said first conduit has a longitudinal axis, wherein said fourth conduit directs said first portion of ballast gas flow in a direction essentially divergent from said longitudinal axis. 
   
   
       7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said first conduit has a longitudinal axis, wherein said fifth conduit directs said second portion of ballast gas flow in a direction essentially convergent from said longitudinal axis. 
   
   
       8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said fourth conduit creates a clockwise swirl in said first portion of ballast gas flow. 
   
   
       9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said fourth conduit creates a counter-clockwise swirl in said first portion of ballast gas flow. 
   
   
       10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said fifth conduit creates a clockwise swirl in said second portion of ballast gas flow. 
   
   
       11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said fifth conduit creates a counter-clockwise swirl in said second portion of ballast gas flow. 
   
   
       12 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one damper situated on the perimeter of said fourth conduit, wherein said at least one damper allows the ratio of said first portion of ballast gas flow and said second portion of ballast gas flow to be varied. 
   
   
       13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein at least three dampers are spaced equidistant around the perimeter of said fourth conduit. 
   
   
       14 . The method of  claim 12 , further comprising sensing devices situated in said first conduit, said second conduit, said third conduit, on said at least one damper, and in the recycled flue gas stream. 
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein said sensing devices are connected to an automatic control system. 
   
   
       16 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said substantially pure oxygen is preheated prior to introduction into said first conduit. 
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said substantially pure oxygen is preheated prior to introduction into said third conduit. 
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said second stream, further comprises a secondary fuel stream. 
   
   
       19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein said secondary fuel stream is selected from the group consisting of fuel oil or fuel gas. 
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein said secondary fuel stream comprises process off-gas. 
   
   
       21 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said first stream and said first conduit are eliminated, and said second stream and said second conduit are the centremost.