Method for Construction of Piles and Caissons and Soil Improvement by Using Rubber Hoses

Abstract

Method for construction of piles or caissons, which consists of drilling i.e. augering a borehole, deformating are carried by means of a neoprene or rubber hose or by means of a head unit for expansion. When connected with the pressure generator ( 27 ) which generates air or water under pressure, valve ( 26 ) opens, and pressure performs plastic deformations in the borehole. The hose, which is made of neoprene or rubber at the end of which there is a vulcanized cover ( 13 ), and which is of a suitable length and width, and has different stiffnesses of its walls are being accomplished by putting on bandages i.e. rings ( 11 ), is put on over a plastic or metal pipe ( 12 ), by means of which it provides supply of appropriate medium under pressure. The head unit for expansion consisted of a supply pipe and a rubber or neoprene gland reinforcement is inserted into the borehole and it is inflated causing deformations on the walls of the borehole.

1 . The method for construction of piles or caissons, which consists of drilling i.e. augering a borehole, deforming the borehole by displacement and filling with concrete, is characterized by that, deformations are being carried out by means of a neoprene or rubber hose or by means of a head unit for expansion. 
   
   
       2 . The method for construction of piles or caissons in accordance with the patent  claim 1 , is characterized by that, the neoprene or rubber hose or the head unit for expansion, after the insertion into the borehole, are being inflated with compressed air or water thus causing deformation of the soil, that is to say expansion of the borehole's wall in accordance with in advance designed form. 
   
   
       3 . The hose, by means of which we perform expansion of the borehole in the procedure of the patent  claim 1 , and which is made of neoprene or rubber at the end of which there is a vulcanized cover ( 13 ), and which is of a suitable length and width, is characterized by that, different stiffnesses of its walls are being accomplished by putting on bandages i.e. rings ( 11 ), cut out of the original hose and put on over it, or made bandage from gland elements. 
   
   
       4 . The hose for expansion in accordance with the patent  claim 3  is characterized by that, prior to lowering into the borehole, is being put on over a plastic or metal pipe ( 12 ), by means of which we provide supply of appropriate medium under pressure. 
   
   
       5 . The hose for expansion in accordance with the patent  claim 3  is characterizedly distinguished itself in that it is being lowered into the borehole together with previously prepared concrete members ( 31 ,  32 ), which are connected by means of a synthetic grid ( 33 ) or together with a sheathing of synthetic grids or fabrics. 
   
   
       6 . The hose for expansion, according to the patent  claim 3 , which is made of neoprene and is protected against damaging is characterized by that, it is being used for inflating and displacing the concrete members ( 31 ) aside, while in the lower part of the concrete members ( 32 ), for forming a peculiar bell on the pile/caisson. 
   
   
       7 . The hose for expansion, in accordance with the patent  claim 6  is designated in that it is being used for generating and forming a cage of synthetic grids in which the hose had previously been inserted ( 10 ). 
   
   
       8 . The head unit for expansion of the borehole in the procedure for construction of piles or caissons in accordance with the patent  claim 1 , consisted of a supply pipe ( 61 ) and a rubber or neoprene gland reinforcement ( 62 ) and is designated in that it is inserted into the borehole and it is inflated causing deformations on the walls of the borehole. 
   
   
       9 . The head unit for expansion of boreholes, in accordance with the patent  claim 8 , is characterizedly designated in that it has a transition channel/chute along the entire length of the head unit through which concreting can take place. 
   
   
       10 . The method for construction of piles/caissons in accordance with the patent  claim 2 , is characterizedly designated in that the entire rubber or neoprene hoses or head units are being lowered into the borehole, connected with the pressure generator ( 27 , 81 ) which generates air or water under pressure, valve ( 26 ) opens and pressure is provided, which is higher than the elastic modulus of soil compressibility and which causes plastic deformations in the borehole. 
   
   
       11 . The procedure for the execution of piles and caissons, in accordance with the patent  claim 2 , is characterizedly designated in that the expansion can be performed all at once along the entire length or else in certain parts of the borehole by lifting. 
   
   
       12 . The method for construction of piles or caissons in accordance with the patent  claim 1  is characterizedly designated in that concreting can be carried out following the completion of the expansion process for the borehole or else in parallel with the expansion. 
   
   
       13 . The method for execution of piles or caissons in accordance with the patent  claim 10  is characterizedly designated in that, if the boreholes are located in clayey soils, the pressure is maintained until pore pressures retreat. 
   
   
       14 . The procedure for execution of piles and caissons in accordance with the patent  claim 1  is characterizedly designated in that the reinforcement cage can be placed in the already treated borehole, prior to pouring the concrete or after the filling with concrete by means of a vibrator.