Modified amino acids, pharmaceuticals containing these compounds and method for their production

Abstract

The present invention relates to modified amino acids of general formula wherein A, Z, X, n, m, R, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 11 are defined as in claims 1 to 5 , their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, the use thereof and processes for preparing them as well as their use for the production and purification of antibodies and as labelled compounds in RIA- and ELISA assays and as diagnostic or analytical aids in neurotransmitter research.

1 . Modified amino acids of general formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-7 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxo-thieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazopyridinyl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]-quinolin-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl group, wherein the latter two groups may each be mono- or disubstituted in the 4- and/or 5-position or in the 5- and/or 6-position by lower straight chained or branched alkyl groups, by phenyl, biphenylyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl-1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl or 1-methylimidazolyl groups and the substituents may be identical or different, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, 
 or by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains one, two or three nitrogen atoms,
 whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the above-mentioned 5-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings, in each case via two adjacent carbon atoms, and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 
 an unbranched C 1-6 -alkylamino group optionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a C 1-6 -alkyl group or by a phenylmethyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or an additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, or 
 by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, containing 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings, in each case via two adjacent carbon atoms, and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl and alkylamino groups in the ω-position and optionally also partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino and benzoylmethylamino groups may in turn additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino or acetylamino group, 
 or the group of formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 p denotes the number 1 or 2, 
 o denotes the number 2 or 3 or, if Y 1  and Y 2  are not simultaneously nitrogen atoms, o may also denote 1. 
 Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom if R 5  is a free pair of electrons, or the carbon atom, 
 Y 2  is the nitrogen atom or the group >CH, 
 R 5  is a free pair of electrons if Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom or, if Y 1  denotes the carbon atom, R 5  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-3 -alkyl group, a hydroxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 R 6  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom, R 6  together with R 5  may denote an additional bond, 
 R 7  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together constitute an additional bond, R 7  together with R N  may also denote a 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 R N  denotes a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 -alkyl group which may be mono- or disubstituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, hexahydro-1H-1-azepinyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, acetylamino, cyano, aminocarbonylamino or alkylaminocarbonylamino group or by phenyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl groups, whilst these substituents may be identical or different, 
 
 a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group, a phenyl, pyridinyl, cyano, amino, benzoylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, phenylalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonylamino, dialkylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, phenylaminocarbonylamino, [phenyl(alkylamino)]carbonylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, benzoylaminocarbonylamino, phenylalkylamino-carbonylamino, pyridinylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl-aminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(pyridinyl)-N-(aminocarbonyl)amino, N-(pyridinyl)-N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)amino, phenylamino, pyridinylamino, 4-[3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl]-1-piperidinyl or diazinylamino group, 
 a saturated, mono- or di-unsaturated 5- to 7-membered aza, diaza, triaza, oxaza, thiaza, thiadiaza- or S,S-dioxidothiadiaza-heterocycle.
 wherein the above-mentioned heterocycles may be linked via a carbon or nitrogen atom and 
 may contain one or two carbonyl groups adjacent to a nitrogen atom, 
 may be substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by an alkyl, alkanoyl, aroyl, hydroxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylalkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 may be substituted at one or two carbon atoms by a branched or unbranched alkyl group or by a phenyl, phenylmethyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, 1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl or 1-methylimidazolyl group, wherein the substituents may be the same or different, 
 and wherein a C 3-6 -alkylene group may additionally be attached to the above-mentioned heterocycles via two adjacent carbon atoms or an olefinic double bond of one of the above-mentioned unsaturated heterocycles may be fused with a benzene, pyridine, diazine, 1,3-oxazole, thiophene, furan, thiazole, pyrrole, N-methyl-pyrrole, quinoline, imidazole or N-methyl-imidazole ring, 
 
 or if Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together denote an additional bond, R N  together with R 7  may also denote the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 or, if Y 1  is a carbon atom, R N  together with R 5 , including Y 1 , also denotes a carbonyl group or a saturated or monounsaturated 5- or 6-membered 1,3-diaza-heterocycle which may optionally contain one or two carbonyl groups in the ring and, if it is unsaturated, may be benzofused at the double bond and may be substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by a methyl, aminocarbonyl, hydroxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylalkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 whilst the phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, 1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl- or 1-methylimidazolyl groups contained in the residues mentioned under R 5 , R 7  and R N , as well as benzo, thieno, pyrido- and diazino-fused heterocycles in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkylsulphonylamino, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, hydroxyalkylaminocarbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1-azepinyl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-carbonyl, methylenedioxy, aminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylaminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonylamino, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylaminocarbonylamino and benzoylmethylamino groups may in turn additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino- or acetylamino group 
 and unless otherwise specified the alkyl groups contained in the above-mentioned radicals may contain 1 to 5 carbon atoms, 
 
       X denotes an oxygen atom or 2 hydrogen atoms, 
       Z denotes a methylene group or the group —NR 1 , wherein
 R 1  denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or phenylalkyl group, 
 
       R 11  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-3 -alkyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group having a total of 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a phenylmethyl group, 
       n denotes the number 1 or 2 or, if m is 1, n may also be 0, 
       m denotes the number 0 or 1, 
       R 2  denotes a phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-formyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl, 4-imidazolyl, 1-methyl-4-imidazolyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, thiazolyl, 1H-indazol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indazol-3-yl, benzo[b]fur-3-yl, benzo[b]thien-3-yl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl or isoquinolinyl group,
 whilst the above-mentioned aromatic and heteroaromatic groups in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by branched or unbranched alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, phenylalkyl groups, alkenyl, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, nitro, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, methylsulphonyloxy, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, tetrazolyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, furyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, and the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino and benzoylmethylamino groups may in turn additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino or acetylamino group, 
 
       A denotes a bond or the divalent group of formula 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (which is linked to the NR 3 R 4  group via the —CX group)
 wherein
 R 8  and R 9  together denote an n-propylene group or 
 R 8  denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or phenylalkyl group and 
 R 9  denotes a hydrogen atom or a branched or unbranched C 1-5 -alkyl group which, if it is unbranched, may be substituted in the ω-position by a hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, 1-azetidinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, hexahydro-1-azepinyl, methylthio, hydroxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, aminoiminomethylamino, aminocarbonylamino, phenyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-formyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 4-imidazolyl, 1-methyl-4-imidazolyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl- or pyridinyl group, whilst the above-mentioned heterocycles, phenyl and naphthyl groups may in turn be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by methyl, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different, and wherein the hydroxy, mercapto, amino, guanidino, indolyl and imidazolyl groups contained in the groups mentioned for R 9  may be substituted with the protecting groups commonly used in peptide chemistry, preferably with the acetyl, benzyloxycarbonyl or tert. butyloxycarbonyl group, 
 
 R 3  denotes a hydrogen atom, 
 a C 1-7 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the (ω-position by a cyclohexyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, hydroxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carboxy, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, acetylamino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-morpholinyl, hexahydro-1H-1-azepinyl, [bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)]amino, 4-alkyl-1-piperazinyl or 4-ω-hydroxyalkyl)-1-piperazinyl group, 
 a phenyl or pyridinyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned heterocyclic groups and phenyl groups may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by methyl, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, cyano, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups and the substituents may be identical or different, 
 
 R 4  denotes a hydrogen atom or a C 1-3 -alkyl group optionally substituted by a phenyl or pyridinyl group or 
 R 3  and R 4  together with the enclosed nitrogen atom denote a group of general formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 Y 3  denotes a carbon atom or, if R 12  denotes a free pair of electrons, Y 3  may also be the nitrogen atom, 
 r denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
 q denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
 R 10  denotes a hydrogen atom or an amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, aminoiminomethyl, aminocarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonylamino, cycloalkylaminocarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylalkyl, aminocarbonylaminoalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxyalkyl or carboxy group, 
 a phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, pyridinylcarbonyl or phenylcarbonyl group which may be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by alkyl, alkoxy, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, amino-carbonylaminomethyl, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxyalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, alkanoyl, ω-(dialkylamino)alkanoyl, ω-(dialkylamino)alkyl, ω-(dialkylamino)hydroxyalkyl, ω-(carboxy)alkanoyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, 
 a 1,3-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-imidazolyl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxopyrimidinyl or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidinyl group bound via a nitrogen atom, which may be substituted by a phenyl group or fused at the double bond to a benzene, pyridine or diazine ring, 
 a 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl group, 
 a 4- to 10-membered azacycloalkyl group, a 5- to 10-membered oxaza, thiaza- or diazacycloalkyl group or a 6- to 10-membered azabicycloalkyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned mono- and bicyclic heterocycles may be bound via a nitrogen or carbon atom and 
 may be substituted by a C 1-7 -alkyl group, by an alkanoyl, dialkylamino, phenylcarbonyl, pyridinylcarbonyl, carboxyalkanoyl, carboxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl, cycloalkyl- or cycloalkylalkyl group, by a cycloalkylcarbonyl, aza-cycloalkylcarbonyl, diazacycloalkylcarbonyl or oxazacycloalkylcarbonyl group optionally substituted in the ring,
 whilst the alicyclic parts contained in these substituents may comprise 3 to 10 ring members and the heteroalicyclic parts may comprise 4 to 10 ring members and 
 the above-mentioned phenyl and pyridinyl groups may in turn be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl, alkoxy, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylaminomethyl, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxyalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, alkanoyl, ω-(dialkylamino)alkanoyl, ω-(carboxy)alkanoyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, or 
 
 
 R 10  together with R 12  and Y 3  denotes a 4- to 7-membered cycloaliphatic ring in which a methylene group may be replaced by an —NH— or —N(alkyl)- group,
 whilst a hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom within the group R 10  may be replaced by a protecting group, 
 
 R 12  denotes a hydrogen atom, 
 a C 1-4 -alkyl group, wherein an unbranched alkyl group may be substituted in the ω-position by a phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-morpholinyl- or hexahydro-1H-1-azepinyl group, 
 an alkoxycarbonyl, cyano or aminocarbonyl group or a free pair of electrons, if Y 3  denotes a nitrogen atom, and 
 R 13  and R 14  in each case denote a hydrogen atom or, 
 if Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  also denotes another carbon-carbon bond, wherein R 10  is as hereinbefore defined and R 13  denotes a hydrogen atom or 
 if Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  also denotes another carbon-carbon bond and R 10  together with R 13  and the enclosed double bond denotes a partially hydrogenated or aromatic 5- to 7-membered mono- or bicyclic carbocycle or heterocycle, 
 
       whilst all the above-mentioned alkyl and alkoxy groups and the alkyl groups present within the other groups mentioned may contain 1 to 7 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
       all the above-mentioned cycloalkyl groups and the cycloalkyl groups present within the other groups named may contain 5 to 10 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
       their tautomers, diastereomers, enantiomers, mixtures thereof and the salts thereof. 
     
   
   
       2 . Modified amino acids of general formula I according to  claim 1 , wherein the partial amino acid structure of the formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     is in the D- or (R)-configuration and is in the L- or (S)-configuration with regard to the partial amino acid structure of formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     which may be present in the group A, or wherein the partial structure of formula VI 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     is spatially constructed analogously to the (R)-configured partial structure of formula V. 
   
   
       3 . Modified amino acids of general formula I according to at least one of  claims 1  or  2 , wherein
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-5 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-7 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or (4-biphenylyl) group, 
 by a 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazopyridinyl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl group, whilst the latter two groups may each be mono- or disubstituted in the 4- and/or 5-position or in the 5- and/or 6-positions by lower straight-chained or branched alkyl groups, by phenyl, biphenylyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl-1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl or 1-methylimidazolyl groups, and the substituents may be identical or different, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, an oxygen, sulphur or additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, 
 or by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing one or two nitrogen atoms,
 whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
   or an unbranched C 1-4 -alkylamino group optionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a C 1-3 -alkyl group or by a phenylmethyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-7 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or (4-biphenylyl) group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxo-imidazo[4,5-b]-pyridin-3-yl group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, an oxygen, sulphur or additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, 
 or by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached to both the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
   whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl and alkylamino groups in the ω-position and optionally also partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by alkyl groups, C 5-7 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino and benzoylmethylamino groups may in turn additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino or acetylamino group,   or the group of formula   
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 p denotes the number 1 or 2, 
 o denotes the number 2 or, if Y 1  and Y 2  are not simultaneously nitrogen atoms, o may also denote 1. 
 Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom if R 5  is a free pair of electrons, or the carbon atom, 
 Y 2  is the nitrogen atom or the group >CH, 
 R 5  is a free pair of electrons if Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom or, if Y 1  denotes the carbon atom, R 5  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-3 -alkyl group, a hydroxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 R 6  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom, R 6  together with R 5  may denote an additional bond, 
 R 7  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together constitute an additional bond, R 7  together with R N  may also denote a 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 R N  denotes the hydrogen atom or a C 1-3 -alkyl group, which may be monosubstituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group or by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, hexahydro-1H-1-azepinyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, acetylamino, cyano, aminocarbonylamino or alkylaminocarbonylamino group, or may be mono- or disubstituted by phenyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl groups, whilst these substituents may be identical or different, 
 
 a cyclohexyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, cyano, amino, benzoylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, phenylalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonylamino, dialkylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, phenylaminocarbonylamino, [N-phenyl(alkylamino)]carbonylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, benzoylaminocarbonylamino, phenylalkylaminocarbonylamino, pyridinylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(aminocarbonylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(pyridinyl)-N-(aminocarbonyl)amino, N-(pyridinyl)-N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)amino, phenylamino, pyridinylamino, diazinylamino or 4-[3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl]-1-piperidinyl group, 
 a saturated, mono- or diunsaturated 5- to 7-membered aza, diaza, triaza, oxaza, thiaza, thiadiaza- or S,S-dioxidothiadiaza heterocycle,
 whilst the above-mentioned heterocycles may be linked via a carbon or nitrogen atom and 
 may contain one or two carbonyl groups adjacent to a nitrogen atom, 
 may be substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by an alkyl, alkanoyl, aroyl, hydroxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylalkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 may be substituted at one or two carbon atoms by a branched or unbranched alkyl group, by a phenyl, phenylmethyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, 1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl or 1-methylimidazolyl group, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, 
 and wherein a C 3-4 -alkylene group may additionally be attached to the above-mentioned heterocycles via two adjacent carbon atoms or an olefinic double bond of one of the above-mentioned unsaturated heterocycles may be fused with a benzene, pyridine, diazine, 1,3-oxazole, thiophene, furan, thiazole, pyrrole, N-methyl-pyrrole, quinoline, imidazole or N-methyl-imidazole ring, 
 
 or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together denote an additional bond, R N  together with R 7  may also denote the 1,4-butadienylene group or, 
 if Y 1  denotes a carbon atom, R N  together with R 5 , with the inclusion of Y 1 , may also denote a carbonyl group or a saturated or monounsaturated 5- or 6-membered 1,3-diazaheterocycle which may contain one or two carbonyl groups in the ring adjacent to a nitrogen atom and, if it is unsaturated, may also be benzo-fused at the double bond and substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by a methyl, aminocarbonyl, hydroxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylalkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 whilst the phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, 1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl or 1-methylimidazolyl groups contained in the residues mentioned under R 5 , R 7  and R N , as well as benzo, thieno, pyrido- and diazino-fused heterocycles in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 4-7 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkylsulphonylamino, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, hydroxyalkylaminocarbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1-azepinyl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, methylenedioxy, aminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylaminoalkyl, alkylaminocarbonylamino, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different and the alkyl groups contained in the above-mentioned groups may contain 1 to 3 carbon atoms unless otherwise specified, 
 
       X denotes the oxygen atom or 2 hydrogen atoms, 
       Z denotes the methylene group or the group —NR 1 — wherein
 R 1  denotes a hydrogen atom or a C 1-3 -alkyl group, 
 
       R 11  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-3 -alkyl group or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms altogether, 
       n denotes the number 1 or 2 or, if m is 1, n may also be 0, 
       m denotes the number 0 or 1, 
       R 2  denotes a phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-formyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl, 4-imidazolyl, 1-methyl-4-imidazolyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, thiazolyl, 1H-indazol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indazol-3-yl, benzo[b]fur-3-yl, benzo[b]thien-3-yl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl or isoquinolinyl group,
 whilst the above-mentioned aromatic and heteroaromatic groups in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by branched or unbranched alkyl groups, C 4-7 -cycloalkyl groups, phenylalkyl groups, alkenyl, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, dialkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkoxy, hydroxy, nitro, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, methylsulphonyloxy, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, tetrazolyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, furyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, and the substituents may be identical or different, 
 
       A denotes a bond or the divalent group of formula 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (linked to the R 3 R 4 N— group of general formula (I) via the carbonyl group)
 wherein
 R 8  and R 9  together denote an n-propylene group or 
 R 8  denotes a hydrogen atom or a C 1-3 -alkyl group and 
 R 9  denotes a hydrogen atom or a branched or unbranched C 1-4 -alkyl group which, if it is unbranched, may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, 1-azetidinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, hexahydro-1-azepinyl, methylthio, hydroxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, aminoiminomethylamino, aminocarbonylamino, phenyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-formyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 4-imidazolyl, 1-methyl-4-imidazolyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl- or pyridinyl group, whilst the above-mentioned heterocycles and phenyl groups may in turn be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by methyl, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different and any hydroxy, mercapto, amino, guanidino, indolyl and imidazolyl groups contained in the groups mentioned for R 9  may be substituted by a protecting group, 
 
 
 R 3  denotes a hydrogen atom, 
 a C 1-4 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position by a cyclohexyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, hydroxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carboxy, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, acetylamino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-piperidinyl, 4-morpholinyl, hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl, [bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)]amino, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl- or 4-(ω-hydroxyalkyl)-1-piperazinyl group, 
 a phenyl or pyridinyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned heterocyclic radicals and phenyl groups may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by methyl, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, cyano, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups and the substituents may be identical or different, 
 
 R 4  denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group optionally substituted by a phenyl or pyridinyl group 
 or R 3  and R 4  together with the enclosed nitrogen atom denote a group of general formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 Y 3  denotes a carbon atom or, if R 12  denotes a free pair of electrons, Y 3  may also be the nitrogen atom, 
 r denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
 q denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
 R 10  denotes a hydrogen atom or an amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, aminoiminomethyl, aminocarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonylamino, cycloalkylaminocarbonylamino, phenylaminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylalkyl, aminocarbonylaminoalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxyalkyl or carboxy group, 
 a phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, pyridinylcarbonyl or phenylcarbonyl group which may be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by alkyl, alkoxy, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylaminomethyl, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxyalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, alkanoyl, ω-(dialkylamino)alkanoyl, ω-(dialkylamino)alkyl, ω-(dialkylamino)hydroxyalkyl, ω-(carboxy)alkanoyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, 
 a 1,3-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-imidazolyl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxopyrimidinyl or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidinyl group bound via a nitrogen atom, which may be substituted by a phenyl group or fused at the double bond to a benzene, pyridine or diazine ring, 
 a 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl group, 
 a 4- to 10-membered azacycloalkyl group, a 5- to 10-membered oxaza, thiaza or diazacycloalkyl group or a 6- to 10-membered azabicycloalkyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned mono- and bicyclic heterocycles may be bound via a nitrogen or carbon atom and 
 may be substituted by a C 1-7 -alkyl group, by an alkanoyl, dialkylamino, phenylcarbonyl, pyridinylcarbonyl, carboxyalkanoyl, carboxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl group, by a cycloalkylcarbonyl, aza-cycloalkylcarbonyl, diazacycloalkylcarbonyl or oxazacycloalkylcarbonyl group optionally alkyl substituted in the ring,
 whilst the alicyclic parts contained in these substituents may comprise 3 to 10 ring members and the heteroalicyclic parts may comprise 4 to 10 ring members and 
 the above-mentioned phenyl and pyridinyl groups may in turn be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl, alkoxy, methylsulphonyloxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylaminomethyl, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxyalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, alkanoyl, ω-(dialkylamino)alkanoyl, ω-(carboxy)alkanoyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, or 
 
 
 R 10  together with R 12  and Y 3  denotes a 4- to 7-membered cycloaliphatic ring in which a methylene group may be replaced by an —NH— or —N(alkyl)- group,
 whilst a hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom within the group R 10  may be replaced by a protecting group, 
 
 R 12  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-2 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position by a phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-morpholinyl or hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl- group, 
 an alkoxycarbonyl, cyano- or aminocarbonyl group or a free pair of electrons, if Y 3  denotes a nitrogen atom, and 
 R 13  and R 14  in each case denote a hydrogen atom or, 
 if Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  also denotes another carbon-carbon bond, wherein R 10  is as hereinbefore defined and R 13  denotes a hydrogen atom or 
 if Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  also denotes another carbon-carbon bond and R 10  together with R 13  and the enclosed double bond denotes a partially hydrogenated or aromatic 5- to 7-membered mono- or bicyclic carbocycle or heterocycle, 
 
       whilst all the above-mentioned alkyl and alkoxy groups and the alkyl groups present within the other groups mentioned may contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
       all the above-mentioned cycloalkyl groups and the cycloalkyl groups present within the other groups named may contain 5 to 7 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
       their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers and their salts. 
     
   
   
       4 . Modified amino acids of general formula I according to at least one of  claims 1  or  2 , wherein
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-3 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or (4-biphenylyl) group, 
 by a 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl group, whilst the latter two groups may be substituted in the carbon skeleton by a phenyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or two nitrogen atoms, wherein a nitrogen of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, 
 or may be substituted by a pyridinyl group,
 whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings and to the pyridinyl group, in each case via two adjacent carbon atoms, and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
   or an unbranched C 1-4 -alkylamino group optionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a methyl or ethyl group, and which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or (4-biphenylyl) group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or two nitrogen atoms, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, 
 or by a pyridinyl group,
 whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings and to the pyridinyl group, in each case via two adjacent carbon atoms, and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
   whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned hereinbefore for the substitution of the alkyl and alkylamino groups in the ω-position as well as optionally partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings may additionally be mono- or disubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by alkyl, nitro, alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, alkanoyl, cyano or trifluoromethoxy groups, whilst the substituents may be the same or different,   or the group of formula   
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 p denotes the number 1 or 2, 
 o denotes the number 2 or, if Y 1  and Y 2  are not simultaneously nitrogen atoms, it may also denote the number 1, 
 Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom if R 5  denotes a free pair of electrons, or the carbon atom, 
 Y 2  denotes the nitrogen atom or the group >CH, 
 R 5  denotes a free pair of electrons if Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom or, if Y 1  denotes the carbon atom, R 5  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-3 -alkyl group, a hydroxy, cyano, aminocarbonyl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl or aminocarbonylamino group or a phenylmethyl or phenyl group optionally substituted at the aromatic moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by a methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino or acetylamino group, 
 R 6  denotes the hydrogen atom or, if Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom, R 6  together with R 5  may also denote an additional bond, 
 R 7  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together denote an additional bond, R 7  together with R N  may also denote the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 R N  denotes the hydrogen atom or a C 1-3 -alkyl group, which may be monosubstituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group or by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, hexahydro-1H-1-azepinyl, aminocarbonyl, methylaminocarbonyl, acetylamino, cyano, aminocarbonylamino or alkylaminocarbonylamino group, or may be mono- or disubstituted by phenyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl groups, whilst these substituents may be identical or different, 
 
 a cyclohexyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, cyano, amino, benzoylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, phenylalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonylamino, dialkylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, phenylaminocarbonylamino, [N-phenyl(alkylamino)]carbonylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-alkylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, benzoylaminocarbonylamino, phenylalkylaminocarbonylamino, pyridinylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(aminocarbonylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, N-(pyridinyl)-N-(aminocarbonyl)amino, N-(pyridinyl)-N-(alkylaminocarbonyl)amino, phenylamino, pyridinylamino, diazinylamino or 4-[3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl]-1-piperidinyl group, 
 a saturated, mono- or diunsaturated 5- to 7-membered aza, diaza, triaza, oxaza, thiaza, thiadiaza or S,S-dioxidothiadiaza heterocycle,
 whilst the above-mentioned heterocycles may be linked via a carbon or nitrogen atom and 
 may contain one or two carbonyl groups adjacent to a nitrogen atom, 
 may be substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by an alkyl, alkanoyl, hydroxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylalkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylmethyl or phenyl group, 
 may be substituted at one or two carbon atoms by a methyl, phenyl, phenylmethyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl, thienyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl group, wherein the substituents may be identical or different, 
 and wherein a C 3-4 -alkylene group may additionally be attached to the above-mentioned heterocycles via two adjacent carbon atoms or an olefinic double bond of one of the above-mentioned heterocycles may be fused to a thiophene, benzene, pyridine, quinoline or diazine ring, 
 
 or, if Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together denote an additional bond, R N  together with R 7  may also denote a 1,4-butadienylene group or, 
 if Y 1  denotes a carbon atom, R N  together with R 5  with the inclusion of Y 1  may also denote a carbonyl group or a saturated or monounsaturated 5- or 6-membered 1,3-diazaheterocycle which may contain one or two carbonyl groups in the ring adjacent to a nitrogen atom and, if it is unsaturated, may also be benzo-fused at the double bond and may be substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by a methyl, aminocarbonyl, hydroxycarbonylalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylalkoxycarbonylalkyl, phenylmethyl or phenyl group,
 whilst the phenyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl groups contained in the groups mentioned under R N  and the thieno, benzo, pyrido- or diazino-fused heterocycles in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by methyl groups, nitro, methoxy, ethoxy, methylsulphonylamino, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, aminocarbonyl, methylaminocarbonyl, dimethylaminocarbonyl, hydroxyalkylaminocarbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1-azepinyl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, methylenedioxy, aminocarbonylamino, aminocarbonylaminoalkyl, methylaminocarbonylamino, acetyl, cyano or trifluoromethoxy groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, 
 and the alkyl groups contained in the above-mentioned residues may contain 1 to 3 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
 
 
       X denotes an oxygen atom or 2 hydrogen atoms, 
       Z denotes a methylene group or the group —NR 1 — wherein
 R 1  is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, 
 
       R 11  denotes the hydrogen atom or a methyl or methoxycarbonyl group, 
       n denotes the number 1 or 2 or, if m is the number 1, n may also denote 0, 
       m denotes the number 0 or 1, 
       R 2  denotes a phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-formyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl, 4-imidazolyl, 1-methyl-4-imidazolyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl or quinolinyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned aromatic and heteroaromatic groups may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by branched or unbranched C 1-5  alkyl groups, allyl, vinyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, dimethylaminoethoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, nitro, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, aminocarbonyl, methylaminocarbonyl, dimethylaminocarbonyl, acetyl, cyano, methylsulphonyloxy or trifluoromethoxy groups, by tetrazolyl, phenyl pyridinyl, thiazolyl or furyl groups and the substituents may be identical or different, or 
 
       A denotes a bond or the divalent group of formula 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (linked to the NR 3 R 4 — group of general formula (I) via the carbonyl group)
 wherein
 R 8  and R 9  together denote an n-propylene group or 
 R 8  denotes the hydrogen atom or the methyl group and 
 R 9  denotes a hydrogen atom or an unbranched C 1-4 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a hydroxy, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, hydroxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, aminoiminomethylamino, aminocarbonylamino, phenyl or pyridinyl group, wherein the phenyl and pyridinyl group may in turn be substituted in the carbon skeleton by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by a methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl or cyano group and wherein any hydroxy, amino and guanidino groups contained in the groups given for R 9  may be substituted by a protecting group, e.g. the phenylmethoxycarbonyl or tert. butyloxycarbonyl group, 
 
 
 R 3  denotes a hydrogen atom, 
 a C 1-4 -alkyl group optionally substituted in the ω-position by a cyclohexyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, hydroxy, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, carboxy, aminocarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, acetylamino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-piperidinyl group, 
 a phenyl or pyridinyl group,
 whilst the above-mentioned phenyl and pyridinyl groups may additionally be substituted in the carbon skeleton by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by a methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, aminocarbonyl or cyano group, 
 
 R 4  denotes the hydrogen atom or a C 1-2 -alkyl group optionally substituted by a phenyl or pyridinyl group 
 or R 3  and R 4  together with the enclosed nitrogen atom denote a group of general formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 Y 3  denotes a carbon atom or, if R 12  denotes a free pair of electrons, Y 3  may also be a nitrogen atom, 
 r denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
 q denotes the number 0, 1 or 2,
 with the proviso that the sum of the numbers given for r and q is 0, 1, 2 or 3, 
 
 R 10  denotes a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, dialkylamino, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, phenylaminocarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylmethyl, carboxymethyl or carboxy group, 
 a phenyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, pyridinylcarbonyl or phenylcarbonyl group which may be mono- or disubstituted in the carbon skeleton by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by methyl, ethyl, propyl, methoxy, hydroxy, ω-(dialkylamino)-alkyl, ω-(dialkylamino)hydroxyalkyl or alkanoyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, 
 a 1,3-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-imidazolyl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxopyrimidinyl or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidinyl group bound via a nitrogen atom, which may be substituted by a phenyl group or may be fused at the double bond to a benzene, pyridine or diazine ring, 
 a 5- to 7-membered azacycloalkyl group, a 4- to 7-membered oxaza- or diazacycloalkyl group or a 7- to 9-membered azabicycloalkyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned mono- and bicyclic heterocycles are bound via a nitrogen or a carbon atom and 
 may be substituted by a C 1-7 -alkyl group, or by an alkanoyl, dialkylamino, phenylcarbonyl, carboxyalkanoyl, carboxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl or alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy moiety, alkylsulphonyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl group or by an azacycloalkylcarbonyl or diazacycloalkylcarbonyl group optionally alkyl-substituted in the ring, 
 whilst the alicyclic groups contained in these substituents may comprise 3 to 7 ring members and the heteroalicyclic groups may comprise 4 to 7 ring members and 
 the above-mentioned phenylcarbonyl group may be substituted by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by a methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino or acetylamino group, or 
 
 R 10  together with R 12  and Y 3  denotes a 4- to 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring in which a methylene group may be replaced by an —NH— or —N(CH 3 )— group,
 whilst a hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom within the group R 10  may be replaced by a protecting group, e.g. the phenylmethoxycarbonyl or tert. butyloxycarbonyl group, 
 
 R 12  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-2 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position by a phenyl, pyridinyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl group, 
 a methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl, cyano or aminocarbonyl group or a free pair of electrons, if Y 3  denotes a nitrogen atom, and 
 R 13  and R 14  each denote a hydrogen atom or, 
 if Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  also denotes another carbon-carbon bond, wherein R 10  is as hereinbefore defined and R 13  denotes a hydrogen atom, or 
 if Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  also denotes another carbon-carbon bond and R 10  together with R 13  and the enclosed double bond denotes a partially hydrogenated 
 or aromatic 5- or 6-membered mono- or bicyclic carbocycle or heterocycle, containing one or two nitrogen atoms, 
 
       whilst all the above-mentioned alkyl and alkoxy groups and the alkyl groups present within the other groups named may contain 1 to 3 carbon atoms, unless otherwise stated, and 
       all the above-mentioned cycloalkyl groups and the cycloalkyl groups present within the other groups named may contain 5 to 7 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
       their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers, mixtures thereof and the salts thereof. 
     
   
   
       5 . Modified amino acids of general formula I according to at least one of  claims 1  or  2 , wherein
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-3 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or (4-biphenylyl) group, whilst the above-mentioned aromatic groups may additionally be substituted by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by a methyl, methoxy, amino or acetylamino group, 
 by a 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, pyridinyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, quinolinyl or isoquinolinyl group, 
   or an unbranched C 1-4 -alkylamino group which is optionally additionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a methyl or ethyl group and which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 5-7 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by a phenyl group which may be mono- or disubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by methyl, nitro, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, amino or acetylamino groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, 
 by a 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, pyridinyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, quinolinyl or isoquinolinyl group, 
   or the group of formula   
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 p denotes the number 1 or 2, 
 o denotes the number 2 or, if Y 1  and Y 2  are not simultaneously nitrogen atoms, it may also denote the number 1, 
 Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom if R 5  denotes a free pair of electrons, or the carbon atom, 
 Y 2  denotes the nitrogen atom or the group >CH, 
 R 5  denotes a free pair of electrons, if Y 1  denotes the nitrogen atom or, if Y 1  denotes the carbon atom, R 5  may denote the hydrogen atom, a C 1-2 -alkyl group or the cyano or phenyl group, 
 R 6  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom, R 6  together with R 5  may also denote an additional bond, 
 R 7  denotes the hydrogen atom or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together denote an additional bond, R 7  together with R N  may also denote the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 R N  denotes the hydrogen atom or a C 1-3 -alkyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by one or two phenyl or pyridinyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different, 
 or by a hydroxy or methoxy group, 
 
 a phenyl group which may be mono- or disubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by methyl groups, nitro, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy or cyano groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different, or a phenyl group substituted by a methylenedioxy group, 
 a 2-pyridinyl or 4-pyridinyl group, 
 an amino, benzoylamino, aminocarbonyl, methylaminocarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonylamino, methylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-methylamino, N-(methylaminocarbonyl)-N-methylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-(4-fluorophenyl)amino, N-(methylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, phenylaminocarbonylamino, [N-phenyl(methylamino)]-carbonylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-methylamino, N-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino, benzoylaminocarbonylamino, N-(aminocarbonyl)-N-phenylamino group or a phenylamino group optionally substituted in the phenyl ring by an aminocarbonylamino or methylsulphonylamino group, 
 a 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, a 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 1,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-2(2H)-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl, 1,3(2H)-dioxo-1H-isoindol-2-yl, 1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2(3H)-oxobenzoxazol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2(1H)-oxo-1,3-benzodiazepin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]-pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 2,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-3(3H)-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-methyl-4-phenyl-2(2H)-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 2,5-dioxo-4-phenylmidazolidin-1-yl, 2,5-dioxo-4-(phenylmethyl)-imidazolidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dioxido-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(4-biphenylyl)-2(2H)-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(2-naphthyl)-2(2H)-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4,5-diphenyl-2(2H)-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 4-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-1-yl, 4-[3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl]-1-piperidinyl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2[1H]-oxopyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl or 2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned mono- and bicyclic heterocycles may be substituted at one of the nitrogen atoms by a methoxycarbonylmethyl group and/or 
 the above-mentioned mono- and bicyclic heterocycles may be mono-, di- or trisubstituted in the carbon skeleton and/or at the phenyl groups contained in these groups by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, or by methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, hydroxy, amino, nitro, phenyl, phenylmethyl, carboxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, methylaminocarbonyl, hydroxyethylaminocarbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl or (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl groups wherein the substituents may be identical or different and multiple substitution with the last three substituents is ruled out, 
 
 or, provided that Y 1  is not a nitrogen atom and R 5  and R 6  together denote an additional bond, R N  together with R 7  also denotes the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 or, provided that Y 1  denotes a carbon atom, R N  together with R 5  with the inclusion of Y 1  may also denote a carbonyl group or a saturated or monounsaturated five- or six-membered 1,3-diaza-heterocycle,
 which may contain a carbonyl group in the ring, adjacent to a nitrogen atom, 
 may be substituted by a phenyl group at one of the nitrogen atoms 
 and, if it is unsaturated, may also be benzo-condensed at the double bond, 
 
 
       X denotes an oxygen atom or 2 hydrogen atoms, 
       Z denotes a methylene group or the group —NR 1 , wherein
 R 1  denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, 
 
       R 11  denotes a hydrogen atom, a methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl or methyl group, 
       n denotes the number 1 and m denotes the number 0 or 
       n denotes the number 0 and m denotes the number 1, 
       R 2  denotes a phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, 1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, thiazolyl or alkylthiazolyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, a pyridinyl or quinolinyl group,
 wherein the above-mentioned phenyl and naphthyl groups may be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by branched or unbranched C 1-5 -alkyl groups, by C 1-3 -alkoxy groups, by vinyl, allyl, trifluoromethyl, methylsulphonyloxy, 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro or amino groups, by tetrazolyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl or furyl groups and the substituents may be identical or different, and multiple substitution with the last five substituents is ruled out, 
 
       A denotes a bond or the divalent group of formula 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (linked to the group —NR 3 R 4  of formula (I) via the carbonyl group)
 wherein
 R 8  and R 9  together denote an n-propylene group or 
 R 8  denotes the hydrogen atom or the methyl group and 
 R 9  denotes the hydrogen atom or an unbranched C 1-4 -alkyl group, 
 which may be substituted in the ω-position by an amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, aminoiminomethylamino or aminocarbonylamino group, whilst in the above-mentioned substituents a hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom may be replaced by a protecting group, e.g. the phenylmethoxycarbonyl or tert. butyloxycarbonyl group, 
 
 R 3  denotes a hydrogen atom or 
 a C 1-4 -alkyl group optionally substituted in the ω-position by an amino, methylamino, dimethylamino- or 4-(1-piperidinyl)-1-piperidinyl group, 
 R 4  denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group 
 or R 3  and R 4  together with the enclosed nitrogen atom denote a group of general formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 Y 3  denotes the carbon atom or, if R 12  denotes a free pair of electrons, Y 3  may also denote a nitrogen atom, 
 r denotes the number 1, 
 q denotes the number 1, 
 R 10  denotes the hydrogen atom, an alkyl, dialkylamino, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, phenylaminocarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylmethyl, carboxymethyl or carboxy group or a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms in the ring, 
 a benzoyl, pyridinylcarbonyl, phenyl, pyridinyl or diazinyl group, each of which may be substituted in the carbon skeleton by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, or by an acetyl, methyl, ethyl or methoxy group, or by a dimethylaminoalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety optionally hydroxysubstituted in the alkyl moiety, 
 a 1,3-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-imidazolyl group bound via a nitrogen atom, which may be fused to a benzene or pyridine ring at the double bond, 
 a 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-(dimethylamino)-1-piperidinyl, 4-piperidinyl or 4-morpholinyl group, wherein the nitrogen atom of the 4-piperidinyl group may be substituted by an alkanoyl- or alkyl group each having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or by a benzoyl, methylsulphonyl, 3-carboxy-propionyl, cyclopropylmethyl, alkoxycarbonylmethyl or carboxymethyl group or by a protecting group, e.g. the phenylmethoxycarbonyl or tert. butyloxycarbonyl group, or it may represent a hexahydro-1H-1-azepinyl, 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]oct-3-yl, 4-alkyl-1-piperazinyl, hexahydro-4-alkyl-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl, 1-alkyl-4-piperidinylcarbonyl or 4-alkyl-1-piperazinylcarbonyl group, 
 or 
 R 10  together with R 12  and Y 3  denotes a 5-membered cycloaliphatic ring in which a methylene group may be replaced by an —NH— or —N(CH 3 )— group, 
 R 12  denotes a hydrogen atom, a C 1-2 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position by a 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl group, 
 a methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl or a cyano group, 
 a free pair of electrons if Y 3  denotes a nitrogen atom, and 
 R 13  and R 14  each denote a hydrogen atom or, 
 provided that Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  may also denote an additional carbon-carbon bond, wherein R 10  is as hereinbefore defined and R 13  denotes a hydrogen atom or, 
 provided that Y 3  is a carbon atom, R 12  together with R 14  may also denote an additional carbon-carbon bond and R 10  together with R 13  and the enclosed double bond denotes an indole group fused on via the 5-membered ring, 
 
       whilst all the above-mentioned alkyl groups and the alkyl groups present within the other named groups may contain 1 to 3 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified, 
       their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers and their salts. 
     
   
   
       6 . Modified amino acids of general formula I according to  claims 1  to  5 , characterised in that these are described in Examples 1 to 29. 
   
   
       7 . Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to at least one of  claims 1  to  6  with inorganic or organic acids or bases. 
   
   
       8 . Pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound according to at least one of  claims 1  to  6  or a physiologically acceptable salt according to  claim 7  optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents. 
   
   
       9 . Use of a compound according to at least one of  claims 1  to  7  for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition which is suitable for the acute and prophylactic treatment of headaches, for treating non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, skin diseases, inflammatory diseases, allergic rhinitis, asthma, diseases accompanied by excessive vasodilatation and consequently reduced blood circulation, e.g. shock and sepsis, and morphine tolerance. 
   
   
       10 . Process for preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 8 , characterised in that a compound according to at least one of  claims 1  to  7  is incorporated in one or more inert carriers and/or diluents by a non-chemical method. 
   
   
       11 . Process for preparing the compounds of general formula I according to  claims 1  to  7 , characterised in that
 a) In order to prepare compounds of general formula I, wherein   R denotes an unbranched C 1-7 -alkyl group which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazopyridinyl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl- or 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl group, wherein the latter two groups may each be mono- or disubstituted in the 4- and/or 5-position or in the 5- and/or 6-position by lower straight chained or branched alkyl groups, by phenyl, biphenylyl, pyridinyl, diazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl-1-methylpyrazolyl, imidazolyl- or 1-methylimidazolyl-groups and the substituents may be identical or different, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, and 
 or by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains one, two or three nitrogen atoms,
 whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the above-mentioned 5-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings, in each case via two adjacent carbon atoms, and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, and 
 
   whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl groups in the ω-position and optionally also partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphinyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, wherein the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino and benzoylmethylamino groups may in turn additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino or acetylamino group,   or the group of formula   
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R N , Y 1 , o and p are as defined in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 Y 2  denotes a CH— group and 
 Z denotes an NR 1 — group, wherein R 1  is as defined in  claims 1  to  6 : 
 a carboxylic acid of general formula VII,
   RCO 2 H  (VII) 
 
 
     wherein
 R is as defined in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 is coupled with a compound of general formula VIII, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , A, X, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , and 
 Z denotes an NR 1 — group, wherein R 1  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 and, if necessary, any protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained, or precursor functions are modified, or 
 b) In order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein R is defined as in a), Z denotes the NR 1 — group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , A, X, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 : 
 a compound of general formula IX,
   R—CO-Nu  (IX) 
 
 
     wherein
 R is defined as in a) and 
 Nu denotes a leaving group, 
 is coupled with a compound of general formula VIII, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , A, X, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6  and 
 Z denotes an NR 1 — group, whilst R 1  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 and, if necessary, protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified or 
 c) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein 
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-6 -alkylamino group optionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a C 1-6 -alkyl group or by a phenylmethyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl- or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl- or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl- group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or an additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, or 
 by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl moiety of the alkylamino groups in the ω-position and optionally partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphynyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino- and benzoylmethylamino groups in turn may additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino- or acetylamino group, 
 or the group of formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R N , Y 1 , o and p are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 Y 2  denotes the N-atom and 
 Z denotes the NR 1 — group, wherein R 1  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 : 
 an amine of general formula X
   R—H  (X) 
 
 
     wherein
 R is as hereinbefore defined, is reacted with a carbonic acid derivative of general XI 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 X 1  is a nucleofugic group, 
 and with a compound of general formula VIII, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , A, X, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , and 
 Z denotes an NR 1 — group, wherein R 1  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 and, if necessary, protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified, or 
 d) In order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein the carbonyl group linked to the groups R and Z denotes a urea carbonyl group, in which the urea carbonyl is flanked by at least one NH— group, and wherein 
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-6 -alkylamino group optionally additionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a C 1-6 -alkyl group or by a phenylmethyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl- or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl- or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl- group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or an additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, or 
 by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl moiety of the alkylamino groups in the ω-position and optionally partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphynyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino- and benzoylmethylamino groups in turn may additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino- or acetylamino group, 
 or the group of formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R N , Y 1 , o and p are as defined in  claims 1  to  6  and Y 2  denotes the N-atom, 
 
       Z denotes the group NR 1  and
 R 1  denotes a hydrogen atom or, provided that R denotes an unbranched alkylamino group unsubstituted at the nitrogen atom and optionally substituted in the ω-position, R 1  may also denote an alkyl or phenylalkyl group: 
 
       an amine of general formula X′,
   R—H  (X′) 
 
     
     wherein R is as hereinbefore defined,
 is reacted with carbonic acid derivatives of general formula XI′, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 X 2  denotes a phenoxy group, if X 3  is the (1H)-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-1-yl- group, the 4-nitrophenoxy group, if X 3  is the 4-nitrophenoxy group, and the chlorine atom if X 3  is the 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy group, and with a compound of general formula VIII′, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , X, A, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , and 
 R 1  denotes a hydrogen atom or, provided that R is an unbranched alkylamino group unsubstituted at the nitrogen and optionally substituted in the ω-position, R 1  may also denote an alkyl or phenylalkyl group, 
 and, if necessary protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified or 
 e) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein Z denotes the group NH and 
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-6 -alkylamino group optionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a C 1-6 -alkyl group or by a phenylmethyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl- or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or an additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, or 
 by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl groups in the ω-position and optionally partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphynyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino- and benzoylmethylamino groups in turn may additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino or acetylamino group, 
 or the group of formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R N , Y 1 , o and p are defined as in  claims 1  to  6  and 
 Y 2  denotes an N-atom, 
 an isocyanate of general formula XII, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , A, X, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 is reacted with an amine of general formula X,
   R—H  (X) 
 
 
     wherein
 R is as hereinbefore defined, 
 and, if necessary, protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified, or 
 f) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein 
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-6 -alkylamino group unsubstituted at the nitrogen atom, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl- or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or an additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, or 
 by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkylamino groups in the ω-position and optionally partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphynyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino- and benzoylmethylamino groups in turn may additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino or acetylamino group, and 
 Z denotes an NR 1 — group wherein R 1  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 an isocyanate of general formula XIII,
   R═C═O  (XIII) 
 
 
     wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, is reacted with a compound of general formula VIII, 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , A, X, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , and
 Z denotes an NR 1 — group, wherein R 1  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 and, if necessary, protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified, or 
 g) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I, wherein 
 X is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , provided that A does not denote a bond, or X denotes an oxygen atom if A denotes a single bond: 
 a carboxylic acid of general formula XIV, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R, Z, R 11 , m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 R 2 ′ has the meanings given for R 2  in  claims 1  to  6  or denotes a group R 2  substituted by a protecting group, 
 A′ has the meanings given for A in  claims 1  to  6  or, if A denotes the divalent group of an amino acid, A′ optionally bears a precursor group for the group R 9  in the side chain, 
 is coupled with a compound of general formula XV,
   H—NR 3 R 4   (XV) 
 
 
     wherein
 R 3  and R 4  have the meanings given in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 and, if necessary, protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified or 
 h) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein X denotes an oxygen atom, 
 a carboxylic acid of general formula XVI, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R, Z, R 11 , m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6  and 
 R 2 ′ has the meanings given for R 2  in  claims 1  to  6  or denotes a group R 2  substituted by a protecting group, 
 is coupled with a compound of general formula XVII, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 A′ has the meanings given for A in  claims 1  to  6  or, if A denotes the divalent group of an amino acid, A′ optionally bears a precursor group for the group R 9  in the side chain, and 
 R 3  and R 4  have the meanings given in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 and, if necessary, protecting groups are subsequently cleaved from a compound thus obtained or precursor functions are modified or 
 i) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein 
 R denotes an unbranched C 1-6 -alkylamino group optionally substituted at the nitrogen atom by a C 1-6 -alkyl group or by a phenylmethyl group, which may be substituted in the ω-position
 by a C 4-10 -cycloalkyl group, 
 by one or two phenyl groups, by a 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or biphenylyl group, 
 by a 1H-indol-3-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-1-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2,4(1H,3H)-dioxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-1-yl, 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-oxoquinazolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinolin-3-yl, 2(1H)-oxoquinoxalin-3-yl, 1,1-dioxido-3(4H)-oxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-(3-thienyl)-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-4-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl, 1,3-dihydro-2(2H)-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-5-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl, 3,4-dihydro-6-phenyl-2(1H)-oxopyrimidin-3-yl- or 1,3-dihydro-2H-2-oxoimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl- group, 
 by a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom, which contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom or, in addition to a nitrogen atom, contains an oxygen, sulphur or an additional nitrogen atom, whilst a nitrogen atom of an imino group may be substituted by an alkyl group, or 
 by a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring linked via a carbon atom and containing 1, 2 or 3 nitrogen atoms, whilst a 1,4-butadienylene group may be attached both to the 5-membered and to the 6-membered heteroaromatic monocyclic rings via two adjacent carbon atoms in each case and the bicyclic heteroaromatic rings thus formed may also be bound via a carbon atom of the 1,4-butadienylene group, 
 
 whilst the phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl groups mentioned above for the substitution of the alkyl moiety of the alkylamino groups in the ω-position and optionally partially hydrogenated mono- and bicyclic heteroaromatic rings in the carbon skeleton may additionally be mono-, di- or trisubstituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, by alkyl groups, C 3-8 -cycloalkyl groups, nitro, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, trifluoromethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, hydroxy, amino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoyl, benzoylamino, benzoylmethylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, (1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl, (1-piperidinyl)carbonyl, (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)carbonyl, (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl, (4-morpholinyl)carbonyl, alkanoyl, cyano, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylsulphynyl- or trifluoromethylsulphonyl groups, whilst the substituents may be identical or different and the above-mentioned benzoyl, benzoylamino- and benzoylmethylamino groups in turn may additionally be substituted in the phenyl moiety by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or by an alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino- or acetylamino group, 
 or the group of formula 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R N , Y 1 , o and p are defined as in  claims 1  to  6  and Y 2  denotes the N-atom, 
 
       Z represents a methylene group, 
       X denotes two hydrogen atoms, 
       A denotes a single bond, 
       m denotes the value 1 and 
       n denotes the value 0, 
       a carboxylic acid of general formula XVIII, 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 is coupled with an amine of general formula X,
   R—H  (X) 
 
 
     wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, or
 j) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein 
 R 3  and R 4  have the meanings given in  claims 1  to  6  with the exception of hydrogen atoms, Z denotes a methylene group, X denotes two hydrogen atoms, A denotes a single bond, m denotes the number 1 and n denotes the number 0, 
 a secondary amine of general formula XVa,
   H—NR 3 ′R 4 ′  (XVa) 
 
 
     wherein
 R 3 ′ and R 4 ′ have the meanings given for R 3  and R 4  in  claims 1  to  6 , with the exception of hydrogen atoms, 
 is reacted with formaldehyde and a CH-acid compound of general formula XIX, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R is defined as in  claims 1  to  6  and 
 R 2  is defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , but with the proviso that any acid functions present are appropriately protected by suitable protecting groups, or 
 k) in order to prepare compounds of general formula I wherein A denotes the divalent group of formula III 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (linked to the NR 3 R 4 — group via the —CX— group)
 wherein
 R 8  denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or phenylalkyl group and 
 R 9  denotes an unbranched C 1-5 -alkyl group substituted in the ω-position by an aminoiminomethylamino group, 
 
 a compound of general formula XX, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein
 R, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 11 , X, Z, m and n are defined as in  claims 1  to  6 , 
 R 8  denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or phenylalkyl group and 
 R 9  denotes an unbranched C 1-5 -alkyl group substituted in the ω-position by a primary amino group, 
 
       is reacted with a carbonic acid derivative of general formula XXI, 
     
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 Nu 2  is a leaving group or the group of general formula XXII, 
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 R 15  and R 16 , which may be identical or different, denote hydrogen atoms or C 1-3 -alkyl groups, and 
 if desired a protecting group used during the reactions described hereinbefore is cleaved again and/or 
 if desired a compound of general formula I thus obtained is resolved into its stereoisomers and/or 
 a compound of general formula I thus obtained is converted into the salts thereof, more particularly for pharmaceutical use into the physiologically acceptable salts thereof. 
 
   
   
       12 . Use of the compounds of general formula I according to  claims 1  to  7  for the production and purification of antibodies. 
   
   
       13 . Use of the labelled compounds of general formula I according to  claims 1  to  7  in RIA and ELISA assays and as diagnostic or analytical aids in neurotransmitter research.