Power Transmission Fluid Compositions and Preparation Thereof

Abstract

A power transmission fluid composition meeting required specifications of manufactures is provided. The power transmission fluid composition contains a sufficient amount of a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component for the power transmission fluid to have a Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 16,000 cP. The Pour Point Reducing Blend Component is selected from an isomerized Fischer-Tropsch derived bottoms product, a bottoms product prepared from an isomerized highly waxy mineral oil, and mixtures thereof.

1 . A power transmission fluid composition comprising: (a) a base oil; (b) at least one of an additive package, viscosity index improver, friction modifier, corrosion inhibitor, oxidation inhibitor, friction modifier, demulsifier, anti foamant, anti wear agent, seal swellant, dye, markers, biocide, antistatic additive, drag-reducing agent, demulsifier, dehazer, anti-icing additive, anti-knock additive, anti-valve-seat recession additive, lubricity additive, combustion improver, cold flow improver, antirust additive, metal deactivator, air expulsion additive; and (c) a sufficient amount of a pour point depressant comprising a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component for the power transmission fluid to have a Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 16,000 cP,
 wherein the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component has an average degree of branching within a range of 6.5 to 10 alkyl branches per 100 carbon atoms; and   wherein the power transmission fluid has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. between 5 and9.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base oil is selected from the group of a natural oil, a synthetic oil, an isomerized base oil, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein the base oil is selected from the group of a mineral oil, a vegetable oil, an oligomer of an alphaolefin, an ester, an oil derived from a gas-to-liquid process, a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base oil consists essentially of an isomerized base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. between 3 cSt and 5 cSt, a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. between 10 cSt and 20 cSt, a viscosity index between 135 and 150, a cold cranking viscosity in the range of 1,500-3,500 at -40° C.; a pour point in the range of −20 and −30° C.; a molecular weight of 400-500; and a density in the range of 0.805 to 0.820. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of from 2 centistokes to 10 centistokes at 100° C. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 5 , wherein the power transmission fluid has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. between 6.5 and 7. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the power transmission fluid has a shear stability index of 30 or less. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 7 , wherein the power transmission fluid has a shear stability index of 20 or less. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component is an isomerized Fischer-Tropsch derived bottoms product. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component has an average molecular weight between 600-1100. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 8-22 cSt, with a 10% point of the boiling range of the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component falling between about 850-1050° F. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component has a pour point of −8 to −12° C. 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the sufficient amount of a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component for the power transmission fluid to have a Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 16,000 cP is between 0.5 to 15 wt. %. 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the sufficient amount of a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component is between 0.5 to 10 wt. %. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the sufficient amount of a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component is between 2 to 6 wt. %. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the sufficient amount of a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component for the power transmission fluid is between 2 to 6 wt. %. for the Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. to be less or equal to 13,000 cP. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least an anti-foamant selected from the group of silicone oils, polydimethyl siloxane, flurosilicone, acrylate polymer, phenyl-methyl polysiloxane, linear siloxanes, cyclic siloxanes, branched siloxanes, silicone polymers, silicone copolymers, organo-silicone copolymers, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least a viscosity index improver selected from the group of a) poly alkyl(meth)acrylates; b) functionalized poly alkyl(meth)acrylates; c) a polyisobutylene having a weight average molecular weight ranging from 700 to 2,500; d) a graft copolymer comprising a polymer backbone which has been grafted by reacting the polymer backbone with a reactant comprising N-p-diphenylamine, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide; 4-anilinophenyl methacrylamide; 4-anilinophenyl maleimide; 4-anilinophenyl itaconamide; an acrylate or methacrylate ester of 4-hydroxydiphenylamine; a reaction product of p-aminodiphenylamine or p-alkylaminodiphenylamine with glycidyl methacrylate; a reaction product of p-aminodiphenylamine with isobutyraldehyde, a derivative of p-hydroxydiphenylamine; a derivative of phenothiazine; a vinylogous derivative of diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least a dispersant selected from the group of succinimides derived from a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride (PIBSA), high molecular weight alkyl succinates, reaction products of oil-soluble polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with ethylene amines, and mixture thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least a metal detergent selected from: a neutral sodium sulfonate, an overbased sodium sulfonate, a sodium carboxylate, a sodium salicylate, a sodium phenate, a sulfurized sodium phenate, a lithium sulfonate, a lithium carboxylate, a lithium salicylate, a lithium phenate, a sulfurized lithium phenate, a magnesium sulfonate, a magnesium carboxylate, a magnesium salicylate, a magnesium phenate, a sulfurized magnesium phenate, a potassium sulfonate, a potassium carboxylate, a potassium salicylate, a potassium phenate, a sulfurized potassium phenate, a zinc sulfonate, a zinc carboxylate, a zinc salicylate, a zinc phenate, a sulfurized zinc phenate, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least a friction modifier selected from succinamic acid, succinimide, an aliphatic fatty amine, an ether amine, an alkoxylated aliphatic fatty amine, an alkoxylated ether amine, an oil-soluble aliphatic carboxylic acid, a polyol ester, a fatty acid amide, an imidazoline, a tertiary amine, a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride or acid reacted with an ammonia or a primary amine, and mixtures thereof 
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition is an automatic transmission fluid. 
     
     
         23 . A method of improving the Brookfield viscosity characteristic of a power transmission fluid including the step of mixing: (a) a base oil; (b) at least one of an additive package, a friction modifier, a dispersant, an antioxidant, an anti-foamant, an antiwear agent, an antifoam agent, a metal-based detergent, and a viscosity index improver; with (c) a sufficient amount of a pour point depressant comprising a Pour Point Reducing Blend Component for the power transmission fluid to have a Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 16,000 cP. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein between 0.5 to 10 wt. %. of the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component is added to the mixture for the power transmission fluid to have a Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 16,000 cP. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein between 0.5 to 6 wt. %. of the Pour Point Reducing Blend Component is added to the mixture for the power transmission fluid to have a Brookfield viscosity at −40° C. of less than or equal to 13,000 cP.