Primary pvc plasticizers derived from vegetable oils, process for obtaining primary pvc plasticizers derived from vegetable oils and plasticized pvc composition

Abstract

The present descriptive report refers to a patent of invention of primary PVC plasticizers composed of epoxidized ethyl and/or isoamyl esters of vegetable oil fatty acids and to the compounds of PVC plasticized with epoxidized bioesters, belonging to the technical field of polymer additives, developed from renewable sources such as vegetable oils and sugar cane, to reduce the cost and improve the properties of PVC compounds. The epoxidized bioesters are suitable to be added to at least one PVC resin and are obtained from a transesterification reaction of at least one type of vegetable oil with ethanol or isoamylic alcohol and subsequent epoxidation, presenting oxirane index equal to or less than 8. These primary plasticizers provide improvements to the properties of the compounded PVC not foreseen in the state of the art, such as better physical properties at low temperatures, greater flexibility of the final compound, higher mixing efficiency of the resin, improved resistance to aliphatic solvents extraction and improved resistance to UV degradation.

1 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, comprising presenting the general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected randomly from the group of epoxidized oleic, linolenic and linoleic acid. 
       
     
     
         2 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, according to  claim 1 , wherein the fact that said plasticizer is epoxidized ethyl ester. 
     
     
         3 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, according to  claim 2 , wherein said plasticizer is epoxidized ethyl soyate. 
     
     
         4 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, according to  claim 1 , wherein said plasticizer presents oxirane index equal to or less than 8. 
     
     
         5 . PROCESS FOR OBTAINING PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, as defined in  claim 1 , wherein comprising the steps of:
 complete transesterification of at least one vegetable oil with ethanol;   subsequent epoxidation of the ester obtained at the step of transesterification.   
     
     
         6 . PROCESS, according to  claim 5 , wherein said vegetable oil is selected from soybean oil, corn oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         7 . PROCESS, according to  claim 6 , wherein said vegetable oil is soybean oil. 
     
     
         8 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, comprising the general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is randomly selected from the group of epoxidized oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. 
       
     
     
         9 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, according to  claim 8 , wherein said plasticizer is epoxidized isoamylic ester. 
     
     
         10 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, according to  claim 8 , wherein said plasticizer is epoxidized isoamyl soyate. 
     
     
         11 . PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, according to  claims 8  to  10 , wherein said plasticizer presents oxirane index equal to or less than 8. 
     
     
         12 . PROCESS FOR OBTAINING PRIMARY PVC PLASTICIZERS DERIVED FROM VEGETABLE OILS, as defined in  claim 8 , comprising the steps of:
 complete transesterification of at least one vegetable oil with isoamylic alcohol;   subsequent epoxidation of the ester obtained at the step of transesterification.   
     
     
         13 . PROCESS, according to  claim 12 , wherein said vegetable oil is selected from soybean oil, corn oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         14 . PROCESS, according to  claim 13 , wherein said vegetable oil is soybean oil. 
     
     
         15 . PLASTICIZED PVC COMPOSITION, comprising:
 i) 100 parts (weight/weight) of at least one PVC resin;   ii) 1 to 200 parts weight/weight) of at least one ester as defined in  claim 1 .   
     
     
         16 . PLASTICIZED PVC COMPOSITION, comprising:
 i) 100 parts (weight/weight) of at least one PVC resin;   ii) 1 to 200 parts weight/weight) of at least one ester as defined in  claim 9 .