Solar collector

Abstract

Disclosed is a solar heater with a primary circuit course in a panel for heating two separate inter connected storage reservoirs.

1 . Solar system for heating domestic water that comprises solar panels functioning in series, which have a primary circuit containing a fluid that passes between heat exchangers ( 9  and  10 ) mounted on tanks ( 3  and  4 ) containing piped water to be heated and the tubes ( 15 ,  25 ,  20  and  24 ) and ( 16 ,  26 ,  21  and  27 ) of the panels ( 6  and . 5 ), characterized in that the said fluid of the primary circuit circulates by thermosyphon effect, the fluid of the primary circuit that comes from the exchanger ( 10 ) entering directly into panel ( 6 ) through tube ( 15 ) and being heated immediately even though it is flowing downwards. 
   
   
       2 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the thermosyphon effect in the panels ( 6  and  5 ) is achieved by the total closure ( 1 - 1 ′) of the upper tube ( 24 ), which forces the fluid to travel ( 18 ) down tube ( 15 ), while it is being heated, circulating to tube ( 25 ) and flowing up tubes ( 20 ) to tube ( 24 ), from which it passes to the adjacent panel ( 5 ), and due to the partial closure ( 2 - 2 ′) of tube ( 27 ), the fluid is forced to travel ( 18 ) down tube ( 16 ), circulating to tube ( 26 ) and flowing up tubes ( 21 ) to tube ( 27 ), the end of which is connected to the exchanger ( 9 ) of tank ( 3 ). 
   
   
       3 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the downwards path of the fluid of the primary circuit in vertical tubes ( 15  and  16 ) is ensured by the suction caused by the fluid flowing up tubes ( 20  and  21 ), due to the fact that the latter tubes are greater in number than the single tube ( 15  and  16 ) in each of the panels. 
   
   
       4 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the partial closure ( 2 - 2 ′) permits the passage of air in order to allow the fluid to circulate and the panels to be filled, i.e. if we fill the primary circuit through tube ( 7 ), the water will reach tube ( 25 ) and start to fill tubes ( 20 ), going down tube ( 16 ) and then filling tube ( 26 ), and when this happens the air remaining inside tubes ( 16 ,  20  and  24 ) will exit through the said partial closure ( 2 - 2 ′), thus avoiding air pockets which would prevent the thermosyphon from functioning, and if we fill the primary circuit through the other tube ( 8 ), the water will fill tubes ( 21 ,  16  and  26 ) and when it reaches tube ( 25 ), the air in tubes ( 20  and  24 ) will only be able to exit through the space reserved for the passage of air by means of the said closure ( 2 - 2 ′), whereby it may be concluded that if the closure ( 2 - 2 ′) were total, the thermosyphon would not function. 
   
   
       5 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the partial closure ( 2 - 2 ′) permits the passage of air and the passage of an insignificant amount of fluid of the primary circuit, meaning that nearly all of the said fluid goes down tube ( 16 ), having for this purpose a small air passage. 
   
   
       6 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the passage ( 22 ) of the fluid in the primary circuit in the exchangers ( 9  and  10 ), in conjunction with the passage ( 19 ) of the piped water to be heated in the tanks ( 3  and  4 ), allows the said tanks ( 3  and  4 ) to be highly stratified and to function at different temperatures, in view of the fact that the greater the difference in temperature between the primary fluid that arrives at the heat exchanger ( 9 ) from the panel ( 5 ) and the piped water in tank ( 3 ), the greater the transfer of heat acquired in the panels ( 5  and  6 ) to the piped water in the said tank ( 3 ). 
   
   
       7 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 6 , characterized in that the cold piped water that enters tank ( 4 ) on the right-hand side through inlet tube ( 11 ) does not mix directly with the hot water that exits the top of tank ( 3 ) on the left-hand side through inlet tube ( 13 ), which allows the water to be progressively heated in the right-hand tank ( 4 ), passing through tube ( 12 ) to the lower part of the left-hand tank ( 3 ) to be heated further in tank ( 3 ). 
   
   
       8 . Solar system for heating domestic water according to  claim 1 , characterized in that tubes ( 7  and  8 ) for filling the primary circuit are placed a few centimetres inside the respective exchangers ( 10  and  9 ), with the objective of always having some air in the primary circuit in order to allow room for the increase in volume of the fluid which occurs at high temperatures, in view of the fact that the said circuit has to be closed ( 23 ) so that the fluid does not evaporate due to the high temperatures that it reaches.