Architectural Structure, Structural Unit and Method for Constructing the Same

Abstract

The present invention provides an architectural structure having a main frame of honeycomb configuration that is erected vertically and expands in a plane, a structural unit therefore, and a method for constructing the same. An architectural structure having a main frame formed by connecting a plurality of structural units, wherein a virtual honeycomb configuration that is erected vertically and expands in a plane is provided with one structural unit ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ) disposed at a position that includes one apex (h 1 , h 2 , h 3 , h 4 , h 5 , h 6 ) of a hexagonal cell (H 1 , H 2 ) that is the unit cell thereof in front view, means are provided for rigidly joining two structural units by disposing joint surfaces, that are formed in part of the respective outer circumferential surfaces of the two structural units that adjoin each other, so as to oppose each other, while the surfaces (s 1 , s 2 , s 3 , s 4 , s 5 , s 6 ) that are rigidly joined each crosses one of the sides of the hexagonal cell, and an opening (W) surrounded by all the structural units that are disposed on the hexagonal cell is formed in the mid portion of each hexagonal cell.

1 . An architectural structure having a main frame formed by connecting a plurality of structural units, wherein a virtual honeycomb configuration that is erected vertically and expands in a plane is provided with one of the structural units ( 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ) disposed at a position that includes one apex (h 1 , h 2 , h 3 , h 4 , h 5 , h 6 ) of a hexagonal cell (H 1 , H 2 ) that is the unit cell thereof in front view, means are provided for joining the two structural units by disposing joint surfaces, that are formed in part of the respective outer circumferential surfaces of the two structural units that adjoin each other, so as to oppose each other, while the surfaces (s 1 , s 2 , s 3 , s 4 , s 5 , s 6 ) that are joined each lies on one of the sides of the hexagonal cell and crosses the side, and an opening (W) surrounded by all the structural units that are disposed on the hexagonal cell is formed in the mid portion of each hexagonal cell. 
   
   
       2 . The architectural structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the structural unit is made of precast concrete, where the outer circumference thereof has a pair of panel surfaces consisting of a front surface and a back surface that oppose each other and a side face extending between edges of the pair of panel surfaces, and a plurality of the joint surfaces are provided as a part of the side faces. 
   
   
       3 . The architectural structure according to  claim 2 , wherein the structural unit is made of precast concrete, where the pair of panel surfaces have a hexagonal shape in front view, and the side face between a side and one located next to the adjacent side of the hexagonal cell is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       4 . The architectural structure according to  claim 3 , wherein the hexagonal shape of the pair of panel surfaces is formed from a short side and a long side that are disposed alternately, and that a side face between the short sides is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       5 . The architectural structure according to  claim 2 , wherein the structural unit is made of precast concrete, where the panel surface has three legs that extend in three directions from the center in front view, and the side face located at the distal end of each of the three legs is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       6 . An architectural structure having a main frame formed by connecting a plurality of structural units, wherein a virtual honeycomb configuration that is erected vertically and expands in a plane is provided with one of the structural units ( 7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ) disposed at a position that includes two adjacent apexes of a hexagonal cell (H 1 , H 2 ) that is the unit cell thereof in front view, means are provided for connecting the two adjacent structural units by disposing joint surfaces, that are formed in part of the respective outer circumferential surfaces of the two structural units that adjoin each other, to oppose each other, while the surfaces that are joined each cross one of the sides of the hexagonal cell, and an opening (W) surrounded by all the structural units that are disposed on the hexagonal cell is formed in the mid portion of each hexagonal cell. 
   
   
       7 . The architectural structure according to  claim 6 , wherein the structural unit is made of precast concrete, where the outer circumference thereof has a pair of panel surfaces consisting of a front surface and a back surface that oppose each other and a side face extending between edges of the pair of panel surfaces, and a plurality of the joint surfaces are provided as a part of the side faces. 
   
   
       8 . The architectural structure according to  claim 7 , wherein the structural unit is made of precast concrete, where each of the pair of panel surfaces has an octagonal shape in front view, and the side face between a side and one located next to the adjacent side of the octagonal cell is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       9 . The architectural structure according to  claim 8 , wherein the octagonal shape of the pair of panel surfaces is formed from short sides and long sides that are disposed alternately, and that a side face between the short sides is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       10 . The architectural structure according to  claim 7 , wherein the structural unit is made of precast concrete, where the panel surface has four legs that extend in four directions from the center thereof in front view, and the side face located at the distal end of each of the four legs is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       11 . The architectural structure according to  claim 2 , wherein the means of connecting the two adjacent structural units made of precast concrete comprises a tendon that crosses the opposing joint surfaces and passes through both structural units, and an anchoring member that applies a post tension to the tendon and secures both ends thereof on the side face of each structural unit. 
   
   
       12 . The architectural structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the structural unit is made of steel, reinforced concrete, steel-encased reinforced concrete or wood. 
   
   
       13 . An architectural structure having a main frame formed by connecting a plurality of structural units, wherein a virtual honeycomb configuration that is erected vertically and expands in a plane is provided with one of first structural units ( 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ) disposed at a position that includes one apex of a hexagonal cell (H 1 , H 2 ) that is the unit cell thereof in front view, and second structural units ( 7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ) disposed at a position that includes two adjacent apexes of the hexagonal cell, means are provided for connection by disposing joint surfaces, that are formed in part of the respective outer circumferential surfaces of the two first and/or second structural units that adjoin each other, to oppose each other, while the surfaces that are joined each lies on one of sides of the hexagonal cell and crosses the side, and an opening (W) surrounded by all of the first and/or second structural units that are disposed on the hexagonal cell is formed in the mid portion of each hexagonal cell. 
   
   
       14 . The architectural structure according to  claim 1 , wherein, among the structural units that are connected consecutively in the vertical direction, the structural units disposed at higher positions and the structural units disposed at lower positions have different shapes, so that the opening formed by the structural units disposed at higher positions is larger than the opening formed by the structural units disposed at lower positions. 
   
   
       15 . A structural unit that is used to construct the architectural structure according to  claim 1 . 
   
   
       16 . A structural unit made of precast concrete that is used to form a main frame of the architectural structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the outer circumference thereof has a pair of panel surfaces consisting of a front surface and a back surface that oppose each other and a side face extending between edges of the pair of panel surfaces, a plurality of joint surfaces for connecting adjacent structural units are provided as partial surfaces of the side faces, and a plurality of tendon insertion holes that pass between each of the plurality of joint surfaces and the other portion of the side face are provided in such a configuration that they do not overlap each other. 
   
   
       17 . The structural unit according to  claim 16  that is made of precast concrete, wherein the panel surfaces have a hexagonal shape in front view, and the side face between a side and one located next to the adjacent side of the hexagonal cell is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       18 . The structural unit according to  claim 17 , wherein the hexagonal shape of the panel surfaces is formed from short sides and long sides that are disposed alternately, and that a side face between the short sides is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       19 . The structural unit according to  claim 16  that is made of precast concrete, wherein the panel surfaces have three legs that extend in three directions from the center in front view, and the side face located at the distal end of each of the three legs is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       20 . A structural unit made of precast concrete that is used in the main frame of the architectural structure according to  claim 6 , wherein the outer circumference thereof has a pair of panel surfaces consisting of a front surface and a back surface that oppose each other, and a side face extending between edges of the pair of panel surfaces, a plurality of the joint surfaces are provided as a part of the side faces for connecting the adjacent structural units, and a plurality of tendon insertion holes that pass between each of the plurality of joint surfaces and the other portion of the side face are provided in such a configuration that they do not overlap each other. 
   
   
       21 . The structural unit according to  claim 20  that is made of precast concrete, wherein the panel surfaces have an octagonal shape in front view, and the side face between a side and one located next to the adjacent side of the octagonal cell is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       22 . The structural unit according to  claim 21 , wherein the octagonal shape of the panel surfaces is formed from short sides and long sides that are disposed alternately, and that a side face between the short sides is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       23 . The structural unit according to  claim 20  that is made of precast concrete, wherein the panel surface has four legs that extend in four directions from the center thereof in front view, and the side face located at the distal end of each of the four legs is used as the joint surface. 
   
   
       24 . The structural unit according to  claim 20  that is made of precast concrete, wherein half units, that are equal parts of the structural unit divided along a division plane crossing a pair of opposing non-joint surfaces, are joined with the division surfaces opposing each other so as to form the structural unit. 
   
   
       25 . A half unit that has the shape of one of two members that are equal parts of the structural unit according to  claim 20  divided along a division plane crossing a pair of opposing non-joint surfaces. 
   
   
       26 . The structural unit according to  claim 16 , wherein a plurality of slab connecting holes are provided to pass through the structural unit in a direction perpendicular to the pair of panel surfaces. 
   
   
       27 . The structural unit according to  claim 16 , wherein the joint surface is formed from either two sloped surfaces in a ridge shape or two sloped surfaces in a valley shape. 
   
   
       28 . The structural unit according to  claim 16 , wherein it is disposed in a portion where the virtual honeycomb configuration has a curved surface, and has a bending portion. 
   
   
       29 . A method of constructing the architectural structure according to  claim 16 , which comprises disposing two adjacent structural units so that the respective joint surfaces oppose each other in such a configuration as the tendon insertion holes thereof communicate with each other; passing a tendon through the communicating tendon insertion holes; and applying a post tension to the tendon to fasten it thereby to joint the two adjacent structural units.