Assisted dental implant treatment

Abstract

Embodiments of systems and methods for planning and/or delivering an oral or facial endosseous implantation in a patient are described. In certain embodiments, systems according to the invention include a processing module; a bone imaging module that communicates bone data about the patient to the processing module; a surface imaging module that communicates surface data about the patient to the processing module; and the processing module processes the bone data and the surface data into an output that includes three-dimensional (3-D) representation data indicative of at least one of an oral structure and a facial structure of the patient. In certain embodiments, a system includes a fabrication module that produces a physical model based on the 3-D representation data and indicating a planned location of an endosseous implant. In certain embodiments, a system includes a surgical module that guides implantation of an endosseous implant based on the 3-D representation data.

1 . A system, for planning an oral or facial endosseous implantation in a patient, comprising:
 a processing module;   a bone imaging module that communicates bone data to the processing module, the bone data representative of at least a portion of a bone of the skull of the patient;   a surface imaging module that communicates surface data to the processing module, the surface data representative of at least a portion of a surface, of the patient, that is apart from the bone;   wherein the processing module processes the bone data and the surface data into an output comprising three-dimensional (3-D) representation data indicative of at least one of an oral structure and a facial structure of the patient;   a fabrication module that, based on the 3-D representation data, produces a physical model of the at least one of the patient's oral structure or facial structure, the model indicating a planned location of an endosseous implant.   
   
   
       2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein a hole in the model indicates the planned location of the endosseous implant. 
   
   
       3 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a surgical module that, based on the 3-D representation data, guides implantation of the endosseous implant in the patient. 
   
   
       4 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the bone comprises at least one of the mandible and the maxilla of the patient, and wherein the surface comprises an oral surface. 
   
   
       5 . The system of  claim 4 , wherein the oral surface comprises a surface of at least one of a gingiva, a tooth, and a dental prosthetic. 
   
   
       6 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a treatment planning module that, based on a combination of the 3-D representation data and input received from a treatment planner, outputs a treatment plan to a machine-readable medium, the treatment plan comprising a parameter for a planned hole in the portion of the bone;
 wherein the planned hole is configured to receive the endosseous implant; and   wherein the parameter comprises at least one of a spatial location, a depth, a diameter, and an angular orientation of the planned hole.   
   
   
       7 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the treatment planning module determines, based on at least one of a measured density, a measured absorption, and a measured intensity of a region of the portion of the bone, at least one of a number of planned holes and the parameter. 
   
   
       8 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the fabrication module uses the input received from the treatment planner to produce the physical model. 
   
   
       9 . The system of  claim 8 , further comprising a guide module that produces a surgical guide based on the physical model. 
   
   
       10 . The system of  claim 8 , further comprising the physical model. 
   
   
       11 . The system of  claim 9 , further comprising the surgical guide. 
   
   
       12 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the surface data are derived from imaging of a cast of oral structures of the patient. 
   
   
       13 . The system of  claim 12 , wherein the imaging of the oral structures comprises imaging with at least one of computed tomography, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, acoustic imaging, and optical coherence tomography. 
   
   
       14 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the surface data are derived from imaging of oral structures of the patient. 
   
   
       15 . The system of  claim 14 , wherein the imaging of the oral structures comprises imaging with at least one of computed tomography, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, acoustic imaging, and optical coherence tomography. 
   
   
       16 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the bone data are derived from imaging by at least one of computed tomography, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging. 
   
   
       17 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein one imaging device comprises both the bone imaging module and the surface imaging module. 
   
   
       18 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the fabrication module comprises a milling machine that produces the physical model. 
   
   
       19 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the fabrication module comprises a milling machine that produces the physical model. 
   
   
       20 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the treatment planner comprises a human user. 
   
   
       21 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the treatment planner comprises a computer program. 
   
   
       22 . The system of  claim 21 , further comprising the computer program. 
   
   
       23 . A system, for planning an oral or facial endosseous implantation in a patient, comprising:
 a processing module;   a bone imaging module that communicates bone data to the processing module, the bone data representative of at least a portion of a bone of the skull of the patient;   a surface imaging module that communicates surface data to the processing module, the surface data representative of at least a portion of a surface, of the patient, that is apart from the bone;   wherein the processing module processes the bone data and the surface data into an output comprising three-dimensional (3-D) representation data indicative of at least one of an oral structure and a facial structure of the patient;   a surgical module that, based on the 3-D representation data, guides implantation of an endosseous implant in the patient.   
   
   
       24 . A method, of planning an oral or facial endosseous implantation in a patient, comprising:
 providing a processing module;   communicating bone data to the processing module, the bone data representative of at least a portion of the bone of the skull of the patient;   communicating surface data to the processing module, the surface data representative of at least a portion of a surface, of the patient, that is apart from, and near, the bone;   with the processing module, processing the bone data and the surface data into an output comprising three-dimensional (3-D) representation data indicative of at least one of an oral structure and a facial structure of the patient;   with a fabrication module and based on the 3-D representation data, producing a physical model of the at least one of the patient's oral structure or facial structure, the model indicative of a planned location of an endosseous implant   
   
   
       25 . A method, of planning an oral or facial endosseous implantation in a patient, comprising:
 providing a processing module;   communicating bone data to the processing module, the bone data representative of at least a portion of the bone of the skull of the patient;   communicating surface data to the processing module, the surface data representative of at least a portion of a surface, of the patient, that is apart from, and near, the bone;   with the processing module, processing the bone data and the surface data into an output comprising three-dimensional (3-D) representation data indicative of at least one of an oral structure and a facial structure of the patient;   with a surgical module and based on the 3-D representation data, guiding implantation of an endosseous implant in the patient.   
   
   
       26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the bone comprises at least one of the mandible and the maxilla of the patient, and wherein the surface comprises an oral surface. 
   
   
       27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the oral surface comprises a surface of at least one of a gingiva, a tooth, and a dental prosthetic. 
   
   
       28 . The method of  claim 25 , further comprising, with a treatment planning module and based on a combination of 3-D representation data and an input received from a treatment planner, outputting a treatment plan to a machine readable medium, the treatment plan comprising a parameter for a planned hole in the portion of the bone;
 wherein the planned hole is configured to receive the endosseous implant; and   wherein the parameter comprises at least one of a spatial location, a depth, a diameter, and an angular orientation of the planned hole.   
   
   
       29 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the treatment planning module determines, based on at least one of a measured density, a measured absorption, and a measured intensity of a region of the portion of the bone, at least one of a number of planned holes and the parameter. 
   
   
       30 . The method of  claim 28 , further comprising performing, based on the treatment plan, an osteotomy. 
   
   
       31 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the surgical module comprises a robot that, based on the treatment plan, implants the endosseous implant in the patient. 
   
   
       32 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the surgical module comprises a robot that installs a dental prosthesis on the endosseous implant. 
   
   
       33 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the surface data are derived from imaging of a cast of oral structures of the patient. 
   
   
       34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the imaging of the oral structures comprises imaging with at least one of computed tomography, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, acoustic imaging, and optical coherence tomography. 
   
   
       35 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the surface data are derived from imaging of oral structures of the patient. 
   
   
       36 . The method of  claim 35 , wherein the imaging of the oral structures comprises imaging with at least one of computed tomography, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, acoustic imaging, and optical coherence tomography. 
   
   
       37 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the bone data are derived from imaging by at least one of computed tomography, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging. 
   
   
       38 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein one imaging device comprises both the bone imaging module and the surface imaging module 
   
   
       39 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the treatment planner comprises a human user. 
   
   
       40 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the treatment planner comprises a computer program.