Rotary Working Machine Provided with an Assembly of Working Chambers with Periodically Variable Volume, In Particular a Compressor

Abstract

Rotary working machine provided with an assembly of working chambers with periodically variable volume, in particular a compressor, consisting of a stator with a controlling cam and a surrounding cylindrical rotator, with which are connected working elements, rotating together with it, driven by the cam and forming, together with an inner surface of the rotator and an outer surface of the cam, working chambers with variable volume, connected during the rotator's rotation with an intake and an outlet, respectively, of a medium being compressed. The compressor is characterized in that the assembly of working elements ( 10, 11, 12 ), forming a working unit ( 9 ) or separate working elements ( 10 ′), are connected with the cylindrical rotator ( 8, 8 ′) in a way enabling their oscillating motion. Points ( 23, 23 ′) of contact of the working elements ( 10, 11, 12, 10 ′) are simultaneously driven by the cam ( 5, 6, 7, 5 ′), the outline of which constitutes a line equidistant from a Radziwill curve, constituting a locus of points forming a closed trajectory being described, on an immobile plane perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical rotator ( 8, 8 ′), by a vertex point (C, C′) of the working element ( 10, 11, 12, 10 ′), moving in relation to the rotator ( 8,8 ′) in an oscillation with a resonance frequency during one full revolution of the cylindrical rotator ( 8, 8 ′). Inertia moment Io, of the working unit ( 9 ), or the working element ( 10 ′), has a value ensuring the resonance frequency of proper vibration of the working unit ( 9 ), or the working element ( 10 ′), wherein a ratio of the resonance oscillation frequency to a frequency of the cylindrical rotator's ( 8, 8 ′) revolution is expressed by a natural number v.

1 . A rotary working machine provided with an assembly of working chambers with periodically variable volume, in particular a compressor, consisting of a stator with a controlling cam and a surrounding cylindrical rotator, with which are connected working elements, rotating together with it, driven by the cam and forming, together with an inner surface of the rotator and an outer surface of the cam, working chambers with variable volume, connected during the rotator's rotation with an intake and an outlet, respectively, of a medium being compressed, characterized in that the assembly of working elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ), forming a working unit ( 9 ), or separate working elements ( 10 ′), are connected with the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′) in a way enabling their oscillating motion, while points ( 23 ,  23 ′) of contacts of the working elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  10 ′) are simultaneously driven by the cam ( 5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  5 ′), the outline of which constitutes a line equidistant from a Radziwill curve, constituting a locus of points forming a closed trajectory being described, on an immobile plane perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′), by a vertex point (C, C′) of the working element ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  10 ′) moving in relation to the rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′) by an oscillating motion with a resonance frequency during one full revolution of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′), while an inertia moment I O1  of the working unit ( 9 ), or the working element ( 10 ′), has a value ensuring a resonance frequency of proper vibration of the working unit ( 9 ), or working element ( 10 ′), wherein a ratio of the frequency of resonance vibrations to a frequency of rotating motion of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′) is expressed by a natural number v. 
   
   
       2 . A machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the working element ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ) has a shape of a blade with a section of concave-convex lens and is connected with a pivot ( 13 ,  14 ) swivel mounted in the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ) of the compressor. 
   
   
       3 . A machine according to  claim 1  or  2 , characterized in that the working unit ( 9 ) consists of at least two working elements ( 10 ,  12 ), symmetrically located in relation to the pivot ( 13 ,  14 ). 
   
   
       4 . A machine according to  claim 2 , characterized in that its working unit ( 9 ) consists of three working elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ), while a middle working element ( 11 ) constitutes a blade with a width twice larger than a width of border blades ( 10 ,  12 ) and is located in equal distance from them, wherein pivots ( 13 ,  14 ) of the working unit ( 9 ) are swivel mounted in rolling bearings ( 15 ,  16 ), fitted in sockets of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ), symmetrically on both sides of the middle blade ( 11 ) and in an equal distance from an axis ( 17 ) of its rotation, while the cams ( 5 ,  6 ,  7 ), mating with working elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ), are set on a common camshaft ( 4 ), while the middle cam is twice wider than the border cams ( 5 ,  7 ), and each of the working elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  12 ) has a vertex point (C) surrounded by a cylindrical surface, constituting a set of points ( 23 ) of contact with a surface of the corresponding cam ( 5 ,  6 ,  7 ). 
   
   
       5 . A machine according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the camshaft ( 4 ) is made hollow, while its central aperture is used for introduction and evacuation of a medium, being compressed, and is connected, by means of intake slots ( 33 ,  33 ′) and outlet slots ( 34 ,  34 ′) of the cams ( 5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  5 ′), with the working chambers (A, B) formed inside the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′). 
   
   
       6 . A machine according to  claim 4 , characterized in that inside the axial aperture of the camshaft ( 4 ) is fitted a pipe ( 19 ), the interior of which constitutes an internal manifold ( 25 ), introducing a medium being compressed, by means of intake slots ( 23 ) of the cams ( 5 ,  6 ,  7 ), to the working chambers formed in the interior of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ), while a slot ( 21 ) between an outer surface of this pipe ( 19 ) and an inner surface of the aperture in the camshaft ( 4 ) is connected, by means of outlet slots ( 34 ) of the cams ( 5 ,  6 ,  7 ), with working chambers (A, B) formed in the interior of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ,  8 ′). 
   
   
       7 . A machine according to  claim 2 , characterized in that its cylindrical rotator ( 8 ) is provided with at least five, preferably seven, symmetrically located around its rotation axis ( 17 ), cylindrical apertures, in which are fitted rolling bearings ( 15 ,  16 ) with swivel mounted working units ( 9 ), and also is provided on its inner surface with the same number of cylindrical recesses ( 22 ), coaxial in relation to axes of the apertures for bearings. 
   
   
       8 . A machine according to  claim 2 , characterized in that it is provided with a stationary block ( 1 ), surrounding the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ) and being closed by an outside manifold ( 3 ), connected with the stationary camshaft ( 4 ) and provided with an intake aperture ( 26 ) introducing a medium, being compressed, to the internal manifold ( 25 ), and with an outlet aperture ( 27 ), evacuating a compressed medium from the annular slot ( 21 ), wherein the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ) is on its other extremity connected with a flange of a coupling ( 20 ), through which is transmitted a drive from a power source of the compressor. 
   
   
       9 . A machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that it is provided with an assembly of working elements ( 10 ′) in a form of cradles, limited on one side by a cylindrical surface ( 30 ′) with a curvature radius equal to half of a curvature radius of an inner surface of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ′), and on the other side provided with a projection ( 29 ′), a vertex point (C′) of which is surrounded by a cylindrical surface, constituting a set of points ( 23 ′) of contact with the surface of the cam ( 5 ′). 
   
   
       10 . A machine according to  claim 9 , characterized in that its cylindrical rotator ( 8 ′) is provided on its inner surface ( 24 ′) with radial projections ( 28 ) directed towards its interior, while lateral surfaces of the projections ( 28 ) are convergent towards an axis ( 17 ′) of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ′). 
   
   
       11 . A machine according to  claim 9 , characterized in that its cylindrical rotator ( 8 ′) is provided on its inner surface ( 24 ′) with at least four, preferably eight radial projections ( 28 ). 
   
   
       12 . A machine according to  claim 9 , characterized in that its stationary cam ( 5 ′), having an outline corresponding to a line equidistant from the Radziwill curve, is provided with at least one, preferably two transverse intake apertures ( 31 ′), connected by intake slots ( 33 ′) of the cam ( 5 ′) with the working chambers, formed in the interior of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ′), and with at least one, preferably two outlet apertures ( 32 ′), connected by outlet slots ( 34 ′) of the cam ( 5 ′) with the working chambers formed in the interior of the cylindrical rotator ( 8 ′).