Tubes for heat exchange

Abstract

Apparatus for heat-transfer between the flowing heat agents inside and outside of a closed wall, which apparatus is a tube for heat exchange, which tube is shaped and arrenged in such a way that increases the heat-transfer up to the highest possible value to attain.

1 . TUBES FOR HEAT EXCHANGE—an apparatus to carry out the heat-transfer between the heat agents inside and outside of tube's wall through this wall, which any one of tubes, having been gotten thin-walled, are deformingly shaped and arrenged to become able to get each smallest spot of the surface areas of the wall contactable to each smallest portion of heat agents, as well as able to get heat agents completely turbulized by the means of getting surface areas of the tube's wall bigger than it might be gotten in any smoothwalled tube of the same axis-length and hydraulic radius and by the means of the given in the tube presence of combination of two kinds of zones: zones of predetermined local hydraulic resistance and zones of predetermined relaxation for the heat agent, which kinds of zones either take turns, or accompany each other, or take turns and accompany each other at the same time. 
   
   
       2 . The apparatus of  claim 1  wherein tubes may be made from a metal of high heat-conduction. 
   
   
       3 . The apparatus of  claim 2  wherein the tube may be EXTREMELY thinwalled. 
   
   
       4 . The apparatus of  claim 3  wherein the wall may be shaped with EXTRA deformations which strengthen the wall against deformations may be caused by the heat agents and allow to keep the wall EXTREMELY thin, increasing additionally its surface areas. 
   
   
       5 . The apparatus of  claim 4  wherein some mechanical support(s) which is(are) transparent for the heat agent(s) to flow may be put at the inside & outside surface(s) of the tube to keep its wall EXTREMELY thin. 
   
   
       6 . The apparatus of  claim 5  wherein tubes may be the SCREW-PLANE-HOLLOW-COMB TUBES where the screw comb prevents the absolute most of the inside heat agent from some easy straight axial flow. 
   
   
       7 . The apparatus of  claim 5  wherein tubes may be the ZIGZAG-BENT-PLANE TUBES. 
   
   
       8 . The apparatus of  claim 5  wherein tubes may be the RADIAL-STRAIGHT-HOLLOW-COMBS TUBES where the central inside room, except entrance, hollow combs and exit, is prevented from the flow of the most of the inside heat agent while the room of the hollow combs is prevented from avoiding of this flow. 
   
   
       9 . The apparatus of  claim 5  wherein tubes may be the PARALLEL-PLANE-FLAT-HOLLOW-COMBS TUBES where the indide edges of combs border holes of such a small diameter which forces the flowing inside heat agent to wash the inside surface of the hollow combs completely and to be completely turbulized therein because of pulses of pressure of this heat agent, which pressure is high enough before these holes and much lower just after them. 
   
   
       10 . The apparatus of  claim 8  wherein the RADIAL-STRAIGHT-PLANE-HOLLOW-COMBS TUBES may be modified with an asymmetric form of each of combs, which form has the surface of one of its halves, from its top to its base, some bigger than the surface of another one, that makes the tube rotate under influence of the pressure of the inside heat agent in combs, from the entrance of the tube to its exit, which both are made able to rotate, and wherein this tube is equiped with a rotatively switchable spring turns rotations of the tube into its short and sharp auto-oscillations. 
   
   
       11 . The apparatus of  claim 9  wherein the PARALLEL-PLANE-FLAT-HOLLOW-COMBS TUBES may be modified, in each of combs, with a springy leant (hung) device which directs the quite bigger, but variable, part of the flowing inside heat agent into the comb and lets the rest of this agent go through the very small center hole of this device, which predetermined hole is, indeed, an ejector, making the found mass of this device, together with its hardness as a spring, and together with the variable pressure of the influencing upon it flowing heat agent, be a resonant system has auto-oscillations, which oscillations increase as the turbulization as the touchability of the heat agent up to the extreme value to attain. 
   
   
       12 . The apparatus of  claims 8 ,  9  and  11  wherein the wall of each of halves of each of combs, from their top at the bigger diameter of the tube to their base at the smaller diameter of the tube, is as found springy as swingable in both its real or symbolic connections, that makes combs, taking energy from the heat agent inside the tube, get auto-oscillated, with the frequency that may be predetermined, and, therefore, increases the convective heat-exchange between the wall and the outside gaseous heat agent up to the extremely high value.