Turbo Machine

Abstract

A turbo machine ( 1, 101 ), in particular turbine or compressor, includes a rotor ( 2, 102 ) which has at least one moving blade row ( 4, 104 ) with a plurality of moving blades ( 5, 105 ), and a stator ( 3 ) which has at least one guide vane row ( 6, 106 ) with a plurality of guide vanes ( 7, 107 ), at least one moving blade row ( 4, 104 ) having a shroud ( 8, 108 ). The shroud ( 8, 108 ) is designed to be self-supporting in such a way that it can at least partially absorb the centrifugal forces arising during operation and discharge them in the circumferential direction.

1 . A turbo machine comprising:
 a rotor having at least one moving blade row with a plurality of moving blades;   a stator having at least one guide vane row with a plurality of guide vanes;   a shroud assigned to all the moving blade tips of at least one moving blade row;   wherein the shroud is configured and arranged to be self-supporting so that it can at least partially absorb the centrifugal forces arising during operation of the turbo machine and discharge them in the circumferential direction;   wherein the shroud comprises a shroud ring assigned jointly to all the moving blades of said at least one moving blade row and is circumferentially closed; and   wherein the shroud ring is fastened to at least a plurality of the moving blades of said at least one moving blade row each via at least one, at least radially active, non-destructively releasable, anchoring.   
   
   
       2 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein:
 the at least one anchoring has at least one shroud-side anchor receptacle formed in the shroud ring and which is open toward the respective moving blade and has a reception profile, constant in the longitudinal direction of said anchor receptacle, with at least one undercut accessible radially; and   the at least one anchoring has at least one anchor with an anchor profile configured complementarily to the reception profile, which at least one anchor is positioned in the anchor receptacle and is in engagement via its anchor profile with the at least one undercut.   
   
   
       3 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein:
 the at least one anchoring has at least one blade-side anchor receptacle formed in the respective moving blade and which is open toward the shroud and has a reception profile, constant or conical in the longitudinal direction of said anchor receptacle, with at least one undercut accessible radially; and   the at least one anchoring has at least one anchor with an anchor profile configured complementarily to the reception profile, which at least one anchor is positioned in the anchor receptacle and is in engagement via its anchor profile with the at least one undercut.   
   
   
       4 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein:
 the at least one anchor cooperating with the shroud-side anchor receptacle is an integral part of the respective moving blade and projects radially from its moving blade head; or   the at least one anchor cooperating with the blade-side anchor receptacle is an integral part of the shroud ring and projects radially from the shroud ring; or   both.   
   
   
       5 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein:
 the at least one anchoring has both at least one shroud-side anchor receptacle and at least one blade-side anchor receptacle arranged radially opposite one another; and   the at least one anchoring has at least one anchor body which is a separate component from the shroud ring and from the moving blades, the at least one anchor body including the at least one anchor cooperating with the shroud-side anchor receptacle and the at least one anchor cooperating with the blade-side anchor receptacle.   
   
   
       6 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein:
 the at least one anchor receptacle is arranged such that its longitudinal direction extends axially; or   the at least one anchor receptacle is arranged such that its longitudinal direction extends at an inclination with respect to the axial direction; or   the at least one anchor receptacle is arranged such that its longitudinal direction extends essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the moving blade profile.   
   
   
       7 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein:
 the reception profile of the at least one anchor receptacle is closed on one side in its longitudinal direction, or is open only on the outflow side, or both; or   the at least one anchoring comprises a securing device configured and arranged to fix the relative position between the at least one anchor receptacle and the at least one anchor; or   both.   
   
   
       8 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein:
 the shroud ring contains cooling duct structures configured and arranged to cool the shroud ring when the turbo machine is in operation;   the moving blades comprise cooling duct structures configured and arranged to cool the moving blades when the turbo machine is in operation; and   the shroud ring cooling duct structures are in fluid communication with the moving blade cooling duct structures.   
   
   
       9 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the shroud ring comprises, on a side facing away from the moving blades, a sealing structure configured and arranged to axially seal the gap between the shroud ot the at least one moving blade row) and the stator when the turbo machine is in operation. 
   
   
       10 . A shroud to be mounted on moving blades of a moving blade row of a turbo machine, the turbo machine being equipped with at least one moving blade row having a plurality of moving blades and with at least one guide vane row having a plurality of guide vanes, the shroud comprising:
 a shroud ring assigned jointly to all the moving blades of the moving blade row and circumferentially closed, the shroud ring being configured and arranged to be fastened to at least a plurality of the moving blades of the moving blade row each via at least one at least radially active, non-destructively releasable, anchoring.   
   
   
       11 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein:
 the at least one anchor receptacle is arranged such that its longitudinal direction extends axially; or   the at least one anchor receptacle is arranged such that its longitudinal direction extends at an inclination with respect to the axial direction; or   the at least one anchor receptacle is arranged such that its longitudinal direction extends essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the moving blade profile.   
   
   
       12 . The turbo machine as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein:
 the reception profile of the at least one anchor receptacle is closed on one side in its longitudinal direction, is open only on the outflow side, or both; or   the at least one anchoring comprises a securing device configured and arranged to fix the relative position between the at least one anchor receptacle and the at least one anchor; or   both.