Method For Producing Cathodes and Anodes for Electrochemical Systems, Metallised Material Used Therein, Method and Device For Production of Said Metallised Material

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of composite cathodes and anodes for lithium batteries, and the cathodes and anodes thereby produced. The active mass in the form of a thin film is incorporated into a material, or the active mass together with a matrix metal or a matrix alloy is deposited on a substrate. The invention also relates to a metallized, textile material made of insulating fibres which have been made conductive and which have been completely galvanically or electrolessly plated. The fibres lying on crossovers are not baked with other fibres, but can move freely. The surface of the material is thereby optimally used. Said material is preferably used as an anode or a cathode for batteries, especially a lithium battery, and fuel cells. During the galvanizing or electroless application stage in the production of the material, the fibres in the material move relatively to each other in order to avoid baking. A device for said production process comprises first rollers ( 13 ) with an elliptical cross-section and second rollers ( 14 ) with a diagonal circumferential profile ( 15 ), which extend or move the material ( 10 ) passing thereover, and conveyed thereby, in the longitudinal and lateral direction.

1 - 71 . (canceled) 
   
   
       72 . A battery, comprising:
 a layer formed of a plurality of overlapping electrically non-conducting fibers, each fiber having a surface, and a metallic coating that substantially covers the surface of each of the fibers, including at points of intersection of the fibers, and has a thickness of between 0.5 μm and 15 μm.   
   
   
       73 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the layer is an electrode. 
   
   
       74 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the layer is a current deflector. 
   
   
       75 . A fuel cell, comprising:
 a layer formed of a plurality of overlapping electrically non-conducting fibers, each fiber having a surface, and a metallic coating that substantially covers the surface of each of the fibers, including at points of intersection of the fibers, and has a thickness of between 0.5 μm and 15 μm.   
   
   
       76 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the layer is an electrode. 
   
   
       77 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the plurality of overlapping fibers form a textile material, and wherein the fibers are movable relative to one another, including at points of intersection of the fibers. 
   
   
       78 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the metallic coating is a crystalline metallic coating. 
   
   
       79 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the metallic coating is an amorphous metallic coating. 
   
   
       80 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery, a lithium ion polymer battery, or a nickel metal hydride (NiMH) battery. 
   
   
       81 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the metallic coating comprises a single metal or an alloy comprising two or more metals. 
   
   
       82 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the fibers comprise glass fibers, mineral fibers, ceramic fibers, or synthetic fibers. 
   
   
       83 . The battery of  claim 72 , wherein the fibers comprise one or more of a polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylenimine, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidenefluoride, aramide, and perfluoroalkoxide. 
   
   
       84 . The battery of  claim 81 , wherein the single metal is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Al, Co, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, and Rh, or the alloy is selected from the group consisting of NiPCo, NiPMn, NiP, FeNiCr, NiWo, NiPWo, NiSn, CoSn, NiMg, and NiMo. 
   
   
       85 . The battery of  claim 72 , further comprising a second coating deposited on the metallic coating, wherein the second coating covers the metallic coating on the surface of each of the fibers, including at points of intersection of the fibers. 
   
   
       86 . The battery of  claim 85 , wherein the second coating comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Al, Co, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, and Rh, and/or an alloy selected from the group consisting of NiPCo, NiPMn, NiP, FeNiCr, NiWo, NiPWo, NiSn, CoSn, NiMg, and NiMo. 
   
   
       87 . The battery of  claim 85 , wherein the second coating comprises carbon. 
   
   
       88 . The battery of  claim 85 , wherein the second coating comprises one or more lithium-containing spinel materials. 
   
   
       89 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the plurality of overlapping fibers form a textile material, and wherein the fibers are movable relative to one another, including at points of intersection of the fibers. 
   
   
       90 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the metallic coating is a crystalline metallic coating. 
   
   
       91 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the metallic coating is an amorphous metallic coating. 
   
   
       92 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the fuel cell is a low temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. 
   
   
       93 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the metallic coating comprises a single metal or an alloy comprising two or more metals. 
   
   
       94 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the fibers comprise glass fibers, mineral fibers, ceramic fibers, or synthetic fibers. 
   
   
       95 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , wherein the fibers comprise one or more of a polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylenimine, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidenefluoride, aramide, and perfluoroalkoxide. 
   
   
       96 . The fuel cell of  claim 93 , wherein the single metal is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Al, Co, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, and Rh, or the alloy is selected from the group consisting of NiPCo, NiPMn, NiP, FeNiCr, NiWo, NiPWo, NiSn, CoSn, NiMg, and NiMo. 
   
   
       97 . The fuel cell of  claim 75 , further comprising a second coating deposited on the metallic coating, wherein the second coating covers the metallic coating on the surface of each of the fibers, including at points of intersection of the fibers. 
   
   
       98 . The fuel cell of  claim 97 , wherein the second coating comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Al, Co, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, and Rh, and/or an alloy selected from the group consisting of NiPCo, NiPMn, NiP, FeNiCr, NiWo, NiPWo, NiSn, CoSn, NiMg, and NiMo. 
   
   
       99 . The fuel cell of  claim 97 , wherein the second coating comprises carbon. 
   
   
       100 . The fuel cell of  claim 97 , wherein the second coating comprises one or more lithium-containing spinel materials.