Apparatus and method for depositing synthetic fibers to form a nonwoven

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for depositing synthetic fibers to form a nonwoven, in which the synthetic fibers are blown through a take-up nozzle as a fiber stream in a free space in the direction of a deposit belt. According to the invention, the fiber stream, before impinging onto the deposit belt, is guided by a guide segment formed between two guide members, one of the guide members being arranged on a belt exit side and an opposite guide members being arranged on a belt inlet side and forming, at a distance from the take-up nozzle, an open fiber entry gap for entry into the guide segment, and the guide segment extending as far as the deposit belt.

1 . An apparatus for depositing synthetic fibers to form a nonwoven, said apparatus comprising:
 a take-up nozzle;   a deposit belt which is arranged below the take-up nozzle and which is driven so as to be directed transversely with respect to a longitudinal side of the take-up nozzle; and   guide members arranged in a free space formed between the take-up nozzle and the deposit belt,   wherein one of the guide members is arranged on a belt exit side and an opposite guide member is arranged on a belt inlet side, and wherein the guide members form, at a distance from the take-up nozzle, an open fiber entry gap to a guide segment formed between the guide members, which guide segment extends between the guide members as far as the deposit belt.   
   
   
       2 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the guide member arranged on the belt exit side is formed by a rotatably mounted roller which with the deposit belt forms a shaping gap for the nonwoven. 
   
   
       3 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the guide member arranged on the belt inlet side is formed by a second rotatably mounted roller which is held in contact with the deposit belt. 
   
   
       4 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein at least one of the rollers has a perforated roller casing, and wherein the roller casing is connected to a pressure chamber formed inside the roller. 
   
   
       5 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 4 , wherein the pressure chamber within the roller is connected to a compressed air source or to suction extraction. 
   
   
       6 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein at least one of the rollers is held in frictional contact with the deposit belt and is configured to be driven by means of a conveying movement of the deposit belt. 
   
   
       7 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein at least one of the rollers is coupled to an electric drive. 
   
   
       8 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein at least one of the rollers is assigned a ferromagnetic means which cooperates with a magnet arranged on an underside of the deposit belt, in such a way that a pressure force acts between the roller and the deposit belt. 
   
   
       9 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the magnet comprises an electromagnet. 
   
   
       10 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the guide member arranged on the belt exit side or the deposit belt is assigned an adjustment device, by means of which a shaping gap formed between the guide member and the deposit belt can be changed. 
   
   
       11 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein, to change the guide segment formed between the guide members, at least one of the guide members is held so as to be adjustable transversely with respect to the take-up nozzle. 
   
   
       12 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein an adjustable suction port is formed, below the deposit belt by means of which suction port a suction extraction device is connected to the underside of the deposit belt. 
   
   
       13 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the suction port is formed between two cover plates held so as to be displaceable in relation to one another. 
   
   
       14 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the guide members and the deposit belt are held on a lifting table which is movable between the take-up nozzle and the deposit belt in order to change a deposit height. 
   
   
       15 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the fiber outlet of the take-up nozzle is assigned at least one conveying means which is held at a distance from the guide members below the take-up nozzle. 
   
   
       16 . A method for depositing a multiplicity of fibers to form a nonwoven, said method comprising:
 blowing the fibers onto a driven deposit belt in an arrangement in the form of a row,   wherein the fibers, before being deposited onto the deposit belt, are blown into a guide segment formed by cooperating guide members and are subsequently deposited at the end of the guide segment to form the nonwoven.   
   
   
       17 . The method as claimed in  claim 16 , wherein the fibers are shaped to form the nonwoven by means of a pressure force acting between a rotating roller and the deposit belt. 
   
   
       18 . The method as claimed in  claim 17 , wherein the pressure force between the roller and the deposit belt is generated by means of a controllable electromagnet. 
   
   
       19 . The method as claimed in  claim 18 , wherein the application of current to the electromagnet is controlled as a function of the fiber cross section and of a weight per unit area of the nonwoven. 
   
   
       20 . An apparatus for depositing synthetic fibers to form a nonwoven, said apparatus comprising:
 a take-up nozzle;   a deposit belt which is arranged below the take-up nozzle and which is driven so as to be directed transversely with respect to the longitudinal side of the take-up nozzle; and   a plurality of guide members arranged between the take-up nozzle and the deposit belt, one of the guide members on a belt exit side being a freely rotatable roller which with the deposit belt forms a shaping gap,   wherein ferromagnetic means with a magnet are provided, by which a pressure force between the roller and the deposit belt can be generated.   
   
   
       21 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the magnet is of beam-shaped design and is arranged on an underside of the deposit belt, and wherein the ferromagnetic means is assigned to the roller. 
   
   
       22 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 21 , wherein the ferromagnetic means is formed by a roller casing. 
   
   
       23 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 21 , wherein the ferromagnetic means is formed by an iron roll which is arranged freely rotatably inside the roller. 
   
   
       24 . The apparatus as claimed in one of  claim 20 , wherein, on an inflow side of the take-up nozzle, a second roller is held freely rotatably in contact with the deposit belt, and wherein further ferromagnetic means with a second magnet is provided, by which the second roller s pressed against the deposit belt. 
   
   
       25 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 24 , wherein the second magnet is of beam-shaped design and is arranged on an underside of the deposit belt, and wherein the ferromagnetic means is assigned to the second roller. 
   
   
       26 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the magnet is formed by a controllable electromagnet.