Organic and Inorganic Light Active Devices and Methods for Making the Same

Abstract

A method for making a light active device, including providing a mixture of light active material and a monomer in a first region and a second region. The light active material includes a plurality of electro-statically active microcapsules each comprising OLED material encapsulated within a polymer shell. Chains of the electro-statically active microcapsules are formed in the first region. The monomer is cured to form a polymer in the first region and in the second region to lock the chains of the electro-statically active microcapsules in the first region.

1 . A method for making a light active device, comprising:
 providing a mixture of light active material and a monomer in a first region and a second region, wherein said light active material comprises a plurality of electro-statically active microcapsules each comprising OLED material encapsulated within a polymer shell;   forming chains of said electro-statically active microcapsules in said first region;   curing said monomer to form a polymer in said first region and in said second region to lock said chains of said electro-statically active microcapsules in said first region.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said electro-statically active microcapsules are bipolar. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 providing a first electrode and a second electrode and wherein said polymer and said electro-statically active microcapsules are disposed between said first electrode and said second electrode.   
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein said OLED material emits light when a voltage is applied to said first electrode and said second electrode. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said OLED material includes at least one conjugated polymer, said at least one conjugated polymer having a sufficiently low concentration of extrinsic charge carriers so that on applying an electric energy to said light active material, charge carriers of first and second types are injected into said OLED material and combine to form, in said conjugated polymer, charge carrier pairs which decay radiatively so that radiation is emitted from said conjugated polymer. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said chains of said electro-statically active microcapsules are formed by application of an electric field to said mixture of said light active material and said monomer. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising providing a first electrode and a second electrode having said polymer and said light active material disposed therebetween, wherein said chains of said electrostatically active microcapsules form pixels between said first electrode and said second electrode. 
     
     
         8 . A method for making a light emitting device, comprising:
 providing a substrate; providing an electrode over at least a portion of said substrate;   disposing an emissive layer comprising a mixture including a light active material comprising a plurality of electrostatically active microcapsules having OLED material encapsulated within a polymer shell dispersed in a monomer fluid carrier over said substrate;   forming chains of said electrostatically active microcapsules; and   selectively polymerizing said monomer to lock said chains of said electrostatically active microcapsules in emissive regions and causing said polymerized monomer to concentrate in polymerization regions.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said electrostatically active microcapsules are bipolar. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said chains of said electrostatically active microcapsules are formed by application of an electric field to said mixture of said light active material and said monomer. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising providing a first electrode and a second electrode having said polymer and said light active material disposed therebetween, wherein said chains of said electrostatically active microcapsules form pixels between said first electrode and said second electrode. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising applying an aligning field when said electrostatically active microcapsules are mobile; wherein patterned electrodes are used to define said aligning field. 
     
     
         13 . A method for making a light active device, comprising:
 providing a mixture containing light active material and a monomer in a first region   and a second region, said light active material comprising a plurality of electro-statically active microcapsules comprising OLED material encapsulated within a polymer shell;   forming chains of said electro-statically active microcapsules in said first region;   forming a polymer by selectively cross-linking said monomer;   causing migration of said monomer by said selective cross-linking of said monomer;   causing said chains of said electro-statically active microcapsules to be locked in said first region; and   causing said polymer to be concentrated at said second region.   
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein said electro-statically active microcapsules are bipolar. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising providing a first electrode and a second electrode having said polymer and said light active material disposed between said first electrode and said second electrode. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein said OLED material emits light when a voltage is applied to said first electrode and said second electrode. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein said OLED material includes at least one conjugated polymer, said at least one conjugated polymer having a sufficiently low concentration of extrinsic charge carriers so that on applying an electric energy to said light active material, charge carriers of first and second types are injected into said OLED material and combine to form, in said conjugated polymer, charge carrier pairs which decay radiatively so that radiation is emitted from the conjugated polymer. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein said chains of the electrostatically active microcapsules are formed by application of an electric field to said mixture of said light active material and said monomer. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising providing a first electrode and a second electrode having said polymer and said light active material disposed therebetween, wherein said chains of said electrostatically active microcapsules form pixels between said first electrode and said second electrode.