Carbon Porous Body, Method of Manufacturing Carbon Porous Body, Adsorbent and Biomolecular Element

Abstract

There are provided a carbon porous body having a larger pore capacity and a larger specific surface area that can advantageously diffuse the substance it adsorbs into the inside and a method of manufacturing such a carbon porous body. The method of manufacturing a carbon porous body is characterized by comprising a step of mixing a cage-shaped silica porous body and a carbon source, a step of heating the obtained mixture and a step of removing the cage-shaped silica porous body from the reaction product. The cage-shaped silica porous body contains a silica skeleton, a plurality of pores formed by the silica skeleton and a plurality of channels also formed by the silica skeleton to mutually link the plurality of pores. The plurality of pores are arranged three-dimensionally, regularly and symmetrically, the diameter d 1 of the plurality of pores and the diameter d 2 of the plurality of channels satisfy the relationship of d 1 >d 2 . The cage-shaped silica porous body and the carbon source are mixed so as to make the mol ratio (C/Si) of the silicon (Si) in the cage-shaped silica porous body and the carbon (C) in the carbon source satisfy the relationship of 0.8<C/Si<3.0.

1 . A method of manufacturing a carbon porous body (ICY), characterized by comprising:
 a step of mixing a cage-shaped silica porous body and a carbon source, the cage-shaped silica porous body containing a silica skeleton, a plurality of pores formed by the silica skeleton and a plurality of channels also formed by the silica skeleton to mutually link the plurality of pores, the plurality of pores being arranged three-dimensionally, regularly and symmetrically, a diameter d 1  of the plurality of pores and a diameter d 2  of the plurality of channels satisfying the relationship of d 1 >d 2 , the cage-shaped silica porous body and the carbon source being mixed so as to make the mol ratio (C/Si) of the silicon (Si) in the cage-shaped silica porous body and the carbon (C) in the carbon source satisfy the relationship of 0.8<C/Si<3.0;   a step of heating the mixture obtained by the mixing step; and   a step of removing the cage-shaped silica porous body from the reaction product obtained from the heating step.   
   
   
       2 . The method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that
 the cage-shaped silica porous body is KIT-5.   
   
   
       3 . The method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that
 a specific surface area s of the KIT-5 is 450<s (m 2 /g)<690.   
   
   
       4 . The method according to  claim 3 , characterized in that
 the distance d 2  of the KIT-5 is 4<d 2  (nm)<6.   
   
   
       5 . The method according to  claim 4 , characterized in that
 the distance d 1  of the KIT-5 is 10<d 1  (nm)<14.   
   
   
       6 . The method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that
 the carbon source satisfies the chemical formula of C l H m O n  (where 1 is a positive integer and each of m and n is 0 or a positive integer).   
   
   
       7 . The method according to  claim 6 , characterized in that
 the carbon source that satisfies the chemical formula of C l H m O n  is selected from a group of sugars, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, ethers and hydrocarbons.   
   
   
       8 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the sugars are cane sugar and grape sugar.   
   
   
       9 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the alcohols are a group of octanol, hexanediol and benzyl alcohol.   
   
   
       10 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the aldehydes are acetaldehyde and butylaldehyde.   
   
   
       11 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the ketones are dibutyl ketone and cyclohexanone.   
   
   
       12 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the carboxylic acids are butyric acid and valeric acid.   
   
   
       13 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the ethers are dibutyl ether and dioxane.   
   
   
       14 . The method according to  claim 7 , characterized in that
 the hydrocarbons are a group of dodecane, adamantane and naphthalene.   
   
   
       15 . The method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that
 the mol ratio (C/Si) of the silicon (Si) in the cage-shaped silica porous body and the carbon (C) in the carbon source satisfies the relationship of 0.85≦C/Si≦0.95.   
   
   
       16 . The method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that
 the heating step includes a step of polymerizing the mixture at a first temperature and a step of carbonizing the mixture at a second temperature higher than the first temperature.   
   
   
       17 . The method according to  claim 16 , characterized in that
 the mixture is heated in the atmosphere at the first temperature selected from the temperature range between 70° C. and 150° C. for 5 to 8 hours in the polymerizing step.   
   
   
       18 . The method according to  claim 17 , characterized in that
 the mixture is heated further in the atmosphere at a temperature selected from the temperature range between 140° C. and 160° C. for 5 to 8 hours in the polymerizing step.   
   
   
       19 . The method according to  claim 16 , characterized in that
 the mixture is heated in a nitrogen atmosphere or in an inert gas atmosphere at the second temperature selected from the temperature range between 700° C. and 900° C. for 4 to 8 hours in the carbonizing step.   
   
   
       20 . The method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that
 the reaction product is filtered by means of hydrofluoric acid or an alkali aqueous solution in the removing step.   
   
   
       21 . The method according to  claim 1 , characterized by further comprising:
 a step of washing and drying the reaction product after the removing step.   
   
   
       22 . A carbon porous body (ICY) comprising a carbon skeleton containing carbon atoms, characterized in that the carbon skeleton includes carbon main sections and carbon linking sections mutually linking the carbon main sections, that a distance D 1  between adjacent carbon main sections and a distance D 2  between adjacent carbon linking sections satisfy the relationship of D 1 <D 2 , that the carbon main sections are arranged three-dimensionally, regularly and symmetrically and that a specific surface area of the carbon porous body is not less than 1,300 m 2 /g and/or the pore capacity of the carbon porous body is not less than 1.5 cm 3 /g. 
   
   
       23 . The carbon porous body according to  claim 22 , characterized in that
 the distance D 1  and the distance D 2  are respectively 4≦D 1  (nm)≦6 and 9≦D 2  (nm)≦15.   
   
   
       24 . The carbon porous body according to  claim 22 , characterized in that
 the carbon main sections are arranged to form a face-centered cube.   
   
   
       25 . The carbon porous body according to  claim 22 , characterized in that
 the specific surface area of the carbon porous body is not less than 1,600 m 2 /g and/or the pore capacity of the carbon porous body is not less than 2.0 cm 3 /g.   
   
   
       26 . An adsorbent comprising a carbon porous body (ICY) including a carbon skeleton containing carbon atoms, characterized in that the carbon skeleton includes carbon main sections and carbon linking sections mutually linking the carbon main sections, that a distance D 1  between adjacent carbon main sections and a distance D 2  between adjacent carbon linking sections satisfy the relationship of D 1 <D 2 , that the carbon main sections are arranged three-dimensionally, regularly and symmetrically and that the specific surface area of the carbon porous body is not less than 1,300 m 2 /g and/or the pore capacity of the carbon porous body is not less than 1.5 cm 3 /g. 
   
   
       27 . The adsorbent according to  claim 26 , characterized in that
 the distance D 1  and the distance D 2  are respectively 4≦D 1  (nm)≦6 and 9≦D 2  (nm)≦15.   
   
   
       28 . The adsorbent according to  claim 26 , characterized in that
 the carbon main sections are arranged to form a face-centered cube.   
   
   
       29 . The adsorbent according to  claim 26 , characterized in that
 the specific surface area of the carbon porous body is not less than 1,600 m 2 /g and/or the pore capacity of the carbon porous body is not less than 2.0 cm 3 /g.   
   
   
       30 . A biomolecular element comprising a carbon porous body (ICY) including a carbon skeleton containing carbon atoms and biomolecules fixed to the carbon porous body, characterized in that the carbon skeleton includes carbon main sections and carbon linking sections mutually linking the carbon main sections, that a distance D 1  between adjacent carbon main sections and a distance D 2  between adjacent carbon linking sections satisfy the relationship of D 1 <D 2 , that the carbon main sections are arranged three-dimensionally, regularly and symmetrically, that the specific surface area of the carbon porous body is not less than 1,300 m 2 /g and/or the pore capacity of the carbon porous body is not less than 1.5 cm 3 /g, that the biomolecules are fixed to the inside of the pores formed by the carbon main sections and the carbon linking sections and that the biomolecules are adapted to react with a predetermined substance. 
   
   
       31 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 30 , characterized in that
 the distance D 1  and the distance D 2  are respectively 4≦D 1  (nm)≦6 and 9≦D 2  (nm)≦15.   
   
   
       32 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 30 , characterized in that
 the biomolecules are selected from a group of proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides.   
   
   
       33 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 30 , characterized in that
 the predetermined substance is a protein.   
   
   
       34 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 33 , characterized in that
 the protein is an enzyme.   
   
   
       35 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 34 , characterized in that
 the enzyme is lysozyme.   
   
   
       36 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 30 , characterized in that
 the carbon main sections are arranged to form a face-centered cube.   
   
   
       37 . The biomolecular element according to  claim 30 , characterized in that
 the specific surface area of the carbon porous body is not less than 1,600 m 2 /g and/or the pore capacity of the carbon porous body is not less than 2.0 cm 3 /g.