Heat transfer oil with high auto ignition temperature

Abstract

A heat transfer oil, comprising a base oil made from a waxy feed, wherein the base oil has a low pour point, low aromatics, and defined cycloparaffin composition. The heat transfer oil has high AIT and VI, and is an ISO viscosity grade. A process to prepare heat transfer oil, comprising: hydroisomerization of wax feed to make fraction(s) of base oil having low pour point, defined cycloparaffin composition, and high ratio of monocycloparaffins to multicycloparaffins; and blending the fractions with <0.2 wt % antifoam agent. A method to use heat transfer oil, comprising selecting heat transfer oil having high AIT and VI that is made with base oil having defined cycloparaffin composition, providing the heat transfer oil to mechanical system, and transferring heat from heat source to heat sink. Also, heat transfer oil comprising isomerized Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil with a low traction coefficient, and an antifoam agent.

1 . A heat transfer oil, comprising a base oil, made from a waxy feed, with the base oil having:
 a. a pour point less than −9° C.,   b. less than 0.3 wt % aromatics,   c. greater than 10 weight percent and less than 70 weight percent total molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, and   d. a ratio of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15;   wherein the heat transfer oil:
 i. has an auto ignition temperature greater than 329° C. (625° F.) 
 ii. has a viscosity index greater than 28×Ln(Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C., in cSt)+80, and 
 iii. is selected from the group consisting of ISO 10, ISO 15, ISO 22, ISO 46, ISO 68, ISO 100, ISO 150, and ISO 220. 
   
     
     
         2 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the auto ignition temperature is greater than an amount defined by the equation:
     AIT= 1.6×(Kinematic Viscosity at 40° C., in cSt)+300, in degrees Celsius.   
     
     
         3 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the waxy feed comprises Fischer-Tropsch wax. 
     
     
         4 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the base oil has a viscosity index greater than an amount defined by the equation: VI=Ln(Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C.)+95. 
     
     
         5 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the base oil has less than 0.06 wt % aromatics. 
     
     
         6 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the base oil has less than 0.5 wt % olefins. 
     
     
         7 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1  having an auto ignition temperature greater than 357° C. (675° F.). 
     
     
         8 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , additionally having a weight percent Ramsbottom carbon residue less than 0.05. 
     
     
         9 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , additionally having a viscosity index greater than 140. 
     
     
         10 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer oil has a 5 wt % boiling point greater than 1.3×(ISO Viscosity Grade)+360, in ° C. 
     
     
         11 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 10 , wherein the heat transfer oil is an ISO 22 grade and has a 5 wt % boiling point greater than 395° C. (743° F.). 
     
     
         12 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 10 , wherein the heat transfer oil is an ISO 46 grade and has a 5 wt % boiling point greater than 440° C. (824° F.). 
     
     
         13 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 10 , wherein the heat transfer oil is an ISO 68 grade and has a 5 wt % boiling point greater than 468° C. (875° F.). 
     
     
         14 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer oil is an ISO 100 grade and has a 5 wt % boiling point greater than 482° C. (900° F.). 
     
     
         15 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 1 , additionally comprising a metal and optionally a dispersant. 
     
     
         16 . A process to prepare a heat transfer oil, comprising:
 a. dewaxing a substantially paraffinic wax feed by hydroisomerization dewaxing using a shape selective intermediate pore size molecular sieve under hydroisomerization conditions including a hydrogen to feed ratio from about 712.4 to about 3562 liter H 2 /liter oil (about 4 to about 20 MSCF/bbl), whereby a lubricating base oil is produced,   b. selecting one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil having:
 i. a pour point less than −9° C., 
 ii. greater than 10 weight percent and less than 70 weight percent total molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, and 
 iii. a ratio of weight percent molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to weight percent molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15; and 
   c. blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with less than 0.2 wt % antifoam agent to prepare the heat transfer oil of an ISO viscosity grade selected from the group of ISO 10, ISO 15, ISO 22, ISO 46, ISO 68, ISO 100, ISO 150, and ISO 220.   
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein the heat transfer oil has an auto ignition temperature greater than 329° C. (625° F.). 
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein the heat transfer oil has an auto ignition temperature greater than an amount defined by the equation:
     AIT= 1.6×(Kinematic Viscosity at 40° C., in cSt)+300, in degrees Celsius.   
     
     
         19 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein the substantially paraffinic wax feed is Fischer-Tropsch derived. 
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 19 , wherein the feedstock for the Fischer-Tropsch process comprises biomass, natural gas, coal, shale oil, petroleum, municipal waste, derivatives of these, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         21 . A method to use a heat transfer oil, comprising:
 a. selecting a heat transfer oil having an auto ignition temperature greater than 329° C. (625° F.) and a viscosity index greater than 28×Ln(Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C., in cSt)+80; wherein the heat transfer oil comprises a base oil, made from a waxy feed, with the base oil having:
 i. greater than 10 weight percent and less than 70 weight percent total molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality; 
   b. providing the heat transfer oil to a mechanical system; and   c. transferring heat in the mechanical system from a heat source to a heat sink.   
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the mechanical system is selected from the group of heat pump, batch reactor, refrigerator, air conditioner, chemical manufacturing equipment, pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment, and secondary loop system. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the heat transfer oil has an auto ignition temperature greater than 357° C. (675° F.). 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the heat transfer oil has an auto ignition temperature greater than an amount defined by the equation:
     AIT= 1.6×(Kinematic Viscosity at 40° C., in cSt)+300, in degrees Celsius.   
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , where the waxy feed is Fischer-Tropsch-derived. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the waxy feed has less than 25 ppm total combined nitrogen and sulfur. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the base oil made from a waxy feed additionally has a ratio of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 2.1. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 27 , wherein the ratio is greater than 15. 
     
     
         29 . A heat transfer oil comprising:
 a. an isomerized Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil fraction have a traction coefficient less than or equal to 0.015, when measured at a kinematic viscosity of 15 cSt and at a slide to roll ratio of 40 percent, and   b. an antifoam agent;
 wherein the heat transfer oil has an auto ignition temperature greater than 329° C. (625° F.) and an ASTM Color less than 0.5. 
   
     
     
         30 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 29 , where the base oil fraction has a 50 wt % boiling point greater than 566° C. 
     
     
         31 . The heat transfer oil of  claim 29 , wherein the base oil fraction has a traction coefficient less than or equal to 0.011, when measured at a kinematic viscosity of 15 cSt and at a slide to roll ratio of 40 percent.