Reaction system for production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animals oils

Abstract

A process for producing a fuel composition from vegetable and/or animal oil comprises feeding the oil to a tubular reaction unit containing a catalyst comprising an acidic component and a metal component, feeding effluent from the tubular reaction unit to a vapor-liquid separator, and feeding a vapor phase separated from the effluent from the tubular reaction unit to an adiabatic reaction unit comprising the same catalyst as in the tubular reaction unit comprising an acidic component and a metal component. The produced fuel composition has acceptable lubricity and comprises a mixture of C 12 to C 18 or C 14 to C 18 paraffins having a ratio of iso to normal paraffins of 2 to 8 and less than 5 ppm sulfur.

1 . A process for producing a liquid fuel composition comprising:
 providing oil selected from the group consisting of vegetable oil, animal oil, and mixtures thereof; and hydrodeoxygenating and hydroisomerizing the oil, wherein the hydrodeoxygenating and hydroisomerizing comprises:
 feeding the oil to a tubular reaction unit containing a catalyst comprising an acidic component and a metal component; 
 feeding effluent from the tubular reaction unit to a vapor-liquid separator; and 
 feeding a vapor phase separated from the effluent from the tubular reaction unit to an adiabatic reaction unit comprising the same catalyst as in the tubular reaction unit comprising an acidic component and a metal component. 
   
     
     
         2 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the tubular reaction unit comprises a multi-tubular reaction unit. 
     
     
         3 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein hydrodeoxygenating occurs in the tubular reaction unit and hydroisomerizing occurs in the adiabatic reaction unit. 
     
     
         4 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising recycling liquid separated from the effluent from the tubular reaction unit to the tubular reaction unit. 
     
     
         5 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the tubular reaction unit operates in trickle-bed mode. 
     
     
         6 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the adiabatic reaction unit comprises a single tube. 
     
     
         7 . The process of  claim 1 , comprising operating the tubular reaction unit at conditions comprising:
 a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.5 to 5 hr −1 ;   a temperature of 300 to 450° C.;   a pressure of 10 to 60 atm; and   a H 2 /oil ratio of 300 to 1200 NL/L.   
     
     
         8 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the vapor phase has a temperature of about 330 to 400° C. 
     
     
         9 . The process of  claim 1 , comprising operating the adiabatic reaction unit at a temperature of about 350 to 400° C. 
     
     
         10 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the metal component is selected from the group consisting of platinum and palladium and the acidic component is selected from the group consisting of amorphous silica alumina, fluorided alumina, ZSM-12, ZSM-21, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-38, ZSM-48, ZSM-57, SSZ-32, ferrierite, SAPO-11, SAPO-31, SAPO-41, MAPO-11, MAPO-31, Y zeolite, L zeolite, and beta zeolite. 
     
     
         11 . The process of  claim 9 , wherein the catalyst is Pt/SAPO-11. 
     
     
         12 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein the catalyst is 0.5-1 wt % Pt/SAPO-11. 
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the vegetable oil is selected from the group consisting of soybean oil, palm oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, jatropha oil, balanites oil, rapeseed oil, colza oil, canola oil, tall oil, safflower oil, hempseed oil, olive oil, linseed oil, mustard oil, peanut oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the animal oil is selected from the group consisting of lard oil, tallow oil, train oil, fish oil, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         15 . A reaction system for producing a liquid fuel composition comprising:
 a tubular reaction unit containing a catalyst comprising an acidic component and a metal component;   an adiabatic reaction unit comprising the same catalyst as in the tubular reaction unit comprising an acidic component and a metal component; and   a vapor-liquid separator disposed between the tubular reaction unit and the adiabatic reaction unit.   
     
     
         16 . The reaction system of  claim 15 , wherein the tubular reaction unit comprises a multi-tubular reaction unit. 
     
     
         17 . The reaction system of  claim 15 , wherein the adiabatic reaction unit comprises a single tube. 
     
     
         18 . The reaction system of  claim 15 , wherein the tubular reaction unit operates in trickle-bed mode. 
     
     
         19 . The reaction system of  claim 15 , wherein the adiabatic reaction unit is located downstream of the tubular reaction unit. 
     
     
         20 . The reaction system of  claim 15 , wherein the metal component is selected from the group consisting of platinum and palladium and the acidic component is selected from the group consisting of amorphous silica alumina, fluorided alumina, ZSM-12, ZSM-21, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-38, ZSM-48, ZSM-57, SSZ-32, ferrierite, SAPO-11, SAPO-31, SAPO-41, MAPO-11, MAPO-31, Y zeolite, L zeolite, and beta zeolite.