Elastomeric Binding Compositions

Abstract

Compounds are provided which act as flexible binding or cementing compounds. These compounds comprise a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl alcohol, a hydrogen-bonding crosslinking agent and a water storage component. Additionally, methods for making and using these compounds are provided.

1 . A flexible binding compound comprising a polymer of the form: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  are each independently hydrogen or alkyl groups of five or fewer carbons; a hydrogen-bonding crosslinking agent; and a water storage component. 
   
   
       2 . The binding compound of  claim 1 , wherein the water storage component comprises a colloidal polysaccharide. 
   
   
       3 . The binding compound of  claim 1 , wherein the water storage component comprises a mucilage. 
   
   
       4 . The binding compound of  claim 1 , wherein the water storage component is selected from the group consisting of quince seed, flax seed, konjac glucomannan, guar gum, locust bean gum, carob bean gum, aloe acemannan, xantham gum, psyllium husk, carrageanan, gum arabic, agarose, amylopectins, amyloses, arabinans, arabinogalactans, arabinoxylens, carageenans, carboxymethyl guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, cationic guar gum, cellulose ethers, chondroitins, chitins, chitosan, chitosan pyrrolidone carboxylate, chitosanglycolate, chitosan lactate, cocodimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, colominic acid, corn starch, curdlan, dermatin sulfate, dextrans, furcellarans, cross-linked dextrans, dextrin, emulsan, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, galactoglucomannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, glycogens, hydroxy ethyl starch, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, hydroxypropylated guar gums, gellan gum, gellan, gum ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragancanth, heparin, hyaluronic acid, inulin, keratin sulfate, modified starches, laminarans, laurdimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, okra gum, oxidized starch, pectin acids, pectin, polydextrose, polyquatemium-4, polyquatemium-10, polyquatemium-28, potato starch, protopectins, pullulan, sodium hyaluronate, starch diethyl aminoethyl ether, steardimonium hydroxyethyl cellulose, raffinose, rhamsan, tapioca starch, whelan, levan, scleroglucan, sodium alginate, stachylose, succinoglycan, wheat starch, xylans, xyloglucans, and mixtures of said compounds. 
   
   
       5 . The binding compound of  claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of borax, boric acid, orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, boric oxide, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium orthoborate, potassium orthoborate, sodium metaborate, potassium metaborate, sodium tetraborate, potassium tetraborate, sodium perborate, potassium perborate, sodium boric acid, lithium boric acid, potassium boric acid, sulfate salts, molybdate salts, phosphate salts, and nitrate salts. 
   
   
       6 . The binding compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  are hydrogen. 
   
   
       7 . The binding compound of  claim 1 , wherein the water storage component comprises 19 to 88% by weight of the compound, wherein the polymer comprises 2.7 to 45% by weight of the compound, and wherein the crosslinking agent comprises 8.3 to 67% by weight of the compound. 
   
   
       8 . A composition comprising the binding compound of  claim 1  and a particulate material. 
   
   
       9 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the particulate material comprises a non-friable aggregate. 
   
   
       10 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein the non-friable aggregate is selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, crushed brick, and decomposed granite. 
   
   
       11 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the particulate material comprises an elastomeric material. 
   
   
       12 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the water storage component comprises 1 to 45% by weight of the composition, wherein the polymer comprises 0.2 to 10% by weight of the composition, and wherein the crosslinking agent comprises 1 to 25% by weight of the composition. 
   
   
       13 . A method for making a flexible binding compound which comprises combining a polymer of the form: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  are each independently hydrogen or alkyl groups of five or fewer carbons; a hydrogen-bonding crosslinking agent, and a water storage component. 
   
   
       14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the water storage component comprises a colloidal polysaccharide. 
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the water storage component comprises a mucilage. 
   
   
       16 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the water storage component is selected from the group consisting of quince seed, flax seed, konjac glucomannan, guar gum, locust bean gum, carob bean gum, aloe acemannan, xantham gum, psyllium husk, carrageanan, gum arabic, agarose, amylopectins, amyloses, arabinans, arabinogalactans, arabinoxylens, carageenans, carboxymethyl guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, cationic guar gum, cellulose ethers, chondroitins, chitins, chitosan, chitosan pyrrolidone carboxylate, chitosanglycolate, chitosan lactate, cocodimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, colominic acid, corn starch, curdlan, dermatin sulfate, dextrans, furcellarans, cross-linked dextrans, dextrin, emulsan, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, galactoglucomannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, glycogens, hydroxy ethyl starch, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, hydroxypropylated guar gums, gellan gum, gellan, gum ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragancanth, heparin, hyaluronic acid, inulin, keratin sulfate, modified starches, laminarans, laurdimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, okra gum, oxidized starch, pectin acids, pectin, polydextrose, polyquatemium-4, polyquatemium-10, polyquatemium-28, potato starch, protopectins, pullulan, sodium hyaluronate, starch diethyl aminoethyl ether, steardimonium hydroxyethyl cellulose, raffinose, rhamsan, tapioca starch, whelan, levan, scleroglucan, sodium alginate, stachylose, succinoglycan, wheat starch, xylans, xyloglucans, and mixtures of said compounds. 
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of borax, boric acid, orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, boric oxide, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium orthoborate, potassium orthoborate, sodium metaborate, potassium metaborate, sodium tetraborate, potassium tetraborate, sodium perborate, potassium perborate, sodium boric acid, lithium boric acid, potassium boric acid, sulfate salts, molybdate salts, phosphate salts, and nitrate salts. 
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the water storage component comprises 19 to 88% by weight of the compound, wherein the polymer comprises 2.7 to 45% by weight of the compound, and wherein the crosslinking agent comprises 8.3 to 67% by weight of the compound. 
   
   
       19 . A method for making a flexible fixable composition comprising combining a polymer of the form: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  are each independently hydrogen or alkyl groups of five or fewer carbons; a hydrogen-bonding crosslinking agent; a water storage component; and a particulate material. 
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the water storage component comprises a colloidal polysaccharide. 
   
   
       21 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the water storage component comprises a mucilage. 
   
   
       22 . The method of  claim 19  wherein the water retention component is selected from the group consisting of quince seed, flax seed, konjac glucomannan, guar gum, locust bean gum, carob bean gum, aloe acemannan, xantham gum, psyllium husk, carrageanan, gum arabic, agarose, amylopectins, amyloses, arabinans, arabinogalactans, arabinoxylens, carageenans, carboxymethyl guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, cationic guar gum, cellulose ethers, chondroitins, chitins, chitosan, chitosan pyrrolidone carboxylate, chitosanglycolate, chitosan lactate, cocodimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, colominic acid, corn starch, curdlan, dermatin sulfate, dextrans, furcellarans, cross-linked dextrans, dextrin, emulsan, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, galactoglucomannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, glycogens, hydroxy ethyl starch, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, hydroxypropylated guar gums, gellan gum, gellan, gum ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragancanth, heparin, hyaluronic acid, inulin, keratin sulfate, modified starches, laminarans, laurdimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, okra gum, oxidized starch, pectin acids, pectin, polydextrose, polyquatemium-4, polyquatemium-10, polyquatemium-28, potato starch, protopectins, pullulan, sodium hyaluronate, starch diethyl aminoethyl ether, steardimonium hydroxyethyl cellulose, raffinose, rhamsan, tapioca starch, whelan, levan, scleroglucan, sodium alginate, stachylose, succinoglycan, wheat starch, xylans, xyloglucans, and mixtures of said compounds. 
   
   
       23 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of borax, boric acid, orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, boric oxide, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium orthoborate, potassium orthoborate, sodium metaborate, potassium metaborate, sodium tetraborate, potassium tetraborate, sodium perborate, potassium perborate, sodium boric acid, lithium boric acid, potassium boric acid, sulfate salts, molybdate salts, phosphate salts, and nitrate salts. 
   
   
       24 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the particulate material comprises a non-friable aggregate. 
   
   
       25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein the non-friable aggregate is selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, crushed rock, and decomposed granite. 
   
   
       26 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the particulate material comprises an elastomer. 
   
   
       27 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the water storage component comprises 1 to 45% by weight of the composition, wherein the polymer comprises 0.2 to 10% by weight of the composition, and wherein the crosslinking agent comprises 1 to 25% by weight of the composition. 
   
   
       28 . A method for fixing particulate material comprising mixing the particulate material with a polymer of the form: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  are each independently hydrogen or alkyl groups of five or fewer carbons, a hydrogen-bonding crosslinking agent, and a water storage component to form a mixture; depositing the mixture; and hydrating the mixture. 
   
   
       29 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the particulate material comprises a non-friable aggregate. 
   
   
       30 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the non-friable aggregate is selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, crushed brick, and decomposed granite. 
   
   
       31 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the particulate material comprises an elastomer. 
   
   
       32 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the mixture is deposited between bricks, stones, flagstones, concrete pavers, concrete blocks, rocks or boulders. 
   
   
       33 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the mixture is deposited before hydration. 
   
   
       34 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the mixture is hydrated before deposition. 
   
   
       35 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the water storage component comprises 1 to 45% by weight of the composition, wherein the polymer comprises 0.2 to 10% by weight of the composition, and wherein the crosslinking agent comprises 1 to 25% by weight of the composition.