Method and apparatus for conversion of the difference between the high temperature of the heat-accumulating working medium, in the limited space at the focus of concentration of the sun-heat radiation reflected by the parabolical mirror, during the light hours, and the lower temperature of the working medium, accumulating cold of the cosmic space, during the night hours, into the electrical power & cold-productivity, realized and called for service the clock round

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for the 24 hours a day conversion of the high difference of temperatures between two working mediums accumulating the Sun-radiation-heat gets concentrated by the parabolical mirror, during light-days, and the cosmic cold, during nights, into electro-power & refrigeration-output which are realized and called for service (under the shadow of this mirror or near this shadow), which method and apparatus provide not only to perform (fulfil) this conversion, but also to intensify the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer as well as the heat-exchange of these heat-accumulating working mediums with the heat-absorbing and heat-transferring components of the absorption-refrigeration machines and heat-mechanical electro-generating machines.

1 . A method for conversion of the difference between the high temperature of the heat-accumulating working medium in the limited space at the focus of the parabolical mirror, where the Sun-heat-radiation gets concentrated, during the light-day hours, and the lower temperature of the cold-accumulating working medium beyond this limited space, during the night hours, into the electrical power & the difference of the thermodynamical potentials that(those) gets(get) realized and required (called for service), the clock round (during 24 hours a day), which method provides: the distributed in time receipts of the Sun-heat-radiation to the heat-accumulating working medium through the embracing this working medium one-directedly heat-radiation-transparent enclosure which, at the same time, prevents this working medium from convective heat-losses; the distributed in time heat-transfer of the accumulated heat from this working medium to the directly contacting with it, and almost got its temperature, heat-absorbing part of a heat-transformer(s)—the “hot” end of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer & a boiler of an absorption-refrigeration machine & a heat-mechanical electro-generating machine; stabilization of the high temperature of the accumulating the Sun-heat-radiation working medium by the reversible changing of the state of aggregation of some part of its mass in processes of heat-absorption and heat-transfer; the distributed in time one-directed to cosmos radiant heat-transfer from the cold-accumulating working medium through the J. Perkins' heat-conductive tube those, together, are embraced by the one-directedly heat-radiation-transparent enclosure which protects them from the convective and radiant heat-influxes; the distributed in time cold-transfer of the accumulated cold from the cold-accumulating working medium to the directly contacting with it, and almost got its temperature, heat-transferring (cooled) part of a heat-transformer(s)—the “cold” end of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer & absorber and condenser of the refrigeration machine & condenser of the heat-mechanical electro-generating machine; stabilization of the lower temperature of the cold-accumulating working medium by the reversible changing of the state of aggregation of some part of its mass in process of heat-transfer through the J. Perkins' heat-conductive tube to cosmos and of heat-absorption from the heat-transferring (cooled) part of a heat-transformer; the according with requirements for usage transfer, by the electro-conductors & medium conductors, of the electro-potentials-difference between the “hot” and the “cold” ends of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer & thermodynamic-potentials-difference between the heat-absorbing and the heat-transferring parts of the refrigeration & the heat-mechanical machine are realized as the refrigeration-output & as the mechanical power, generating the electrical power, & as the electrical power directly. 
   
   
       2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the concentrated Sun-radiation-heat accumulating working medium, which stabilizes its high temperature, in processes of heat-absorption and heat-transfer, by the reversible changing of the state of aggregation of some part of its own mass, may be: either the less heat-stable heat-absorbing body located inside the more heat-stable heat-radiation-transparent enclosure, which lets the concentrated Sun-heat-radiation come in through it; or (with very little probability of some practical realization) the less heat-stable heat-radiation-transparent enclosure which lets the concentrated Sun-heat-radiation come in through it and gets heated from inside by the more heat-stable heat-absorbing body located inside this enclosure; or (with the biggest probability of the practical realization) the less heat-stable heat-absorbing body located inside an embracing more heat-stable and mechanically loadable heat-absorbing body, in its turn, located inside the heat-stable heat-radiation-transparent enclosure which lets the concentrated Sun-heat-radiation come in through it. 
   
   
       3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the equal in the whole volume of the heat-accumulating working medium immediate (with the minimal thermoresistance) absorption of the concentrated heat of the Sun-radiation is gotten achieved by the cyclical shuffle of this working medium, together with embracing bodies of its, with regard to the focus of concentration of this radiation—the focus of the parabolical mirror. 
   
   
       4 . An apparatus to realize the method of  claim 3 , which apparatus includes the following concentric on the focal axis of the parabolical mirror components: the heat-absorbing and heat-transferring part(s) of the thermo-transformer(s)—the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer & heat-absorbing absorption-refrigeration machine & heat-mechanical electro-generating machine; an accumulator of the concentrated Sun-radiation-heat—the thermostat for the heat-absorbing (heated) “hot” “p-n” junction(s) of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer & for boiler of the absorption-refrigeration machine & of the heat-mechanical electro-generating machine, all of which are immersed in the heat-accumulating thermostatting “hot” working medium, which working medium is embraced by the enclosure, which, being one-directedly transparent for the receipts of the heat-radiation lets these receipts come only in through its thickness from outside and, at the same time, prevents this working medium from convective heat-losses; an accumulator of cold—the thermostat for the heat-transferring (cooled) “cold” “p-n” junction(s) of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer & for absorber and condenser of the absorption-refrigeration machine & for condenser of the heat-mechanical electro-generating machine, all of which are immersed in the cold-accumulating thermostatting “cold” working medium, which is located inside the enclosure, which prevents this working medium from the convective and radiant heat-exchange with the external surroundings, and which working medium gets the heat-receipts from the thermostatted “cold” (cooled) part(s) of the thermo-transformer(s) to cosmos through the heat-conductive J. Perkins' tube, which tube is gotten to keep its evaporator immersed in just this “cold” working medium and its condenser insulated from any external convective and radiant heat-influxes—so, able to work only as a heat-radiator to the external surroundings; conductors, which are in the form of electro-current collectors (buses) those complete the electro-circuit of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer and its electro-recipient(s) & in the form of the working-mediums-conductive tubes those set the heat-absorbing and heat-transferring (cooled) parts of the refrigeration & heat-mechanical electro-generating machine into the closed heat-contour of one & other of these machines; the bearing and driving elements for cyclical reciprocated shuffles of the “hot” working medium together with its embracing bodies in composition of the accumulator of the concentrated Sun-radiation-heat, with regard to the focus of concentration of this heat at the axis of the parabolical mirror. 
   
   
       5 . The apparatus of  claim 4 , wherein all its components, except the bearing and driving elements, are located in the cylindrical space, the axis of which concurs with the focal axis of the concentrating the Sun-radiation-heat parabolical mirror, so, during the light-day hours, stays directed to the centre of the Sun-disk, and, projecting upon this mirror a shadow with diameter incommensurably smaller than diameter of this mirror, are disposed in the following, from below (from the mirror) order: the cylinder of the accumulator of the concentrated Sun-radiation-heat together with the immersed in it heat-absorbing “hot” parts of the heat-transformers, among which parts, the “hot” “p-n” junction(s) of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer takes (take) the top location which closes this accumulator from above; the cylinder of the lengthy middle zone of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer, which zone gives the beginning of the electro-current-collectors those are directed downwards (along the cylinder of the heat-accumulator and, after having gotten accompanied with tubes from the heat-absorbing parts (boilers) of the absorption-refrigeration & heat-mechanical machines, through the central hole in the parabolical mirror) to the space under the mirror; the cylinder of the accumulator of cold, together with the immersed in it heat-transferring (cooled) “cold” parts of the heat-transformers, among which, the “cold” “p-n” junction(s) of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer takes (take) the bottom location which closes this accumulator from below, together with tubes from the cooled in this accumulator parts of the absorption-refrigeration & heat-mechanical electro-generating machines, which tubes are directed also to the space under the parabolical mirror—, at first, along this cylinder, and, then, being accompanied by the electro-current-collectors and tubes from the heat-absorbing parts of these machines, together with the immersed in it evaporator of the heat-conductive J. Perkins' tube, together with the cylinder of the condenser of this J. Perkins' tube which closes the accumulator of cold from above; and in this composition, cylinders of accumulators of heat and of cold, having inside themselves the according parts of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer and holding the lengthy middle zone of this thermoelectrical transformer fixed between them, are stiffly connected with each other, so, the upper of them—the cylinder of the accumulator of cold accepts the summary force and the summary reaction of the bearing and driving elements, which, being, in their turn, beared through the load-receiving shell, upon the circular edge of the parabolical mirror, support and shuffle these stiffy connected components as the united dynamical load. 
   
   
       6 . The apparatus of  claim 5 , wherein the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer is fulfiled from (tens of) the radially packed in the cylindrical room pairs of the most thermo-stable semiconductive wafers of “p” and “n” types (properties), which wafers in each of their pairs are in the ideal electrical (electron-vacancy) contact along the surface of their fit, which surface is just the “p-n” transition along each of the lengthy ends of these wafers' pairs, one of which ends is immersed in the “hot” and other of them—in the “cold” thermostat, accordingly, of the “hot” accumulator of the Sun-radiation-heat and of the “cold” accumulator of the cosmic cold; which wafers, in the same their pairs, but along the lengthy middle (between the “hot” and “cold” “p-n” transitions—junctions) zone of theirs, are completely electro-insulated from each other along the same surface of their fit; which wafers are mechanically, thermally, and electrically integrated into the united composition: at their “hot” and “cold” ends,—by the V-shaped profiles (sections) which are in the ideal electrical and thermal contact, by turns (alternatively), with the pairs of wafers of the same “p” or the same “n” type and perform functions of the mechanical carcass, heat-conductors, and equalizers of “p” and “n” electro-potentials along the joint lengthy area of two wafers of “p” or “n” property; and at their lengthy middle zone, separatedly at the “hot” and the “cold” end of this zone,—by the high electro-conductive metal wedges which are protected from electro-contacts with each other and with the V-shaped profiles (sections), but are united with each other (with the ideal electrical and thermal contact), over one, by the means of the annular bandages of the positive and negative electro-collectors (buses) which bandages are one above other, do not contact with each other, are covered with electro-insulation, and are prolonged separatedly by these collectors, directed downwards, along the “hot” accumulator, under-to the parabolical mirror. 
   
   
       7 . The apparatus of  claim 6 , wherein the heat-absorbing, heat-standing vessel of the accumulator of the concentrated Sun-radiation-heat, within the upper part of its cylindrical capacity, occupied by the hermetically immersed in it “hot” “p-n” junction(s) of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer, is filled with the melted dielectric (for example, glass) of its density and temperature some lower than the density and temperature of the heat-accumulating, thermostatting (for example, metallic) working medium, occupying the rest capacity of this vessel, which vessel is embraced by the one-directedly (from outside-to inside) heat-radiation-transparent enclosure (for example, made from the heat-standing glass); the cavity between this enclosure and this vessel is hermetically sealed and vacuumized; the wall of this enclosure is protected (from its internal side) by the heat-insulating flexible juts from destruction by the atmospheric pressure and, at the same time, the surface of this side of this wall is gotten treated such as to return that part of the concentrated Sun-heat-radiation which leaves the surface of this vessel, because of some inperpendicularity of falling upon this surface, back quite perpendicularily to this surface, while the outer side of this wall is kept smoothly cylindrical—so, easy cleanseable from the possible pollutions. 
   
   
       8 . The apparatus of  claim 7 , wherein the insulated from the convective and radiant heat-exchange with surroundings enclosure which comprises the “cold”—cold-accumulating working medium, together with the immersed in this working medium heat-transferring (cooled) part(s) of the heat-transformer(s) and of the heat-absorbing evaporator of the heat-conductive J. Perkins' tube, is just the hollow cylinder, which is hermetically closed from below by the “cold” “p-n” junction(s) of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer and by the continuing the anticorrosive, heat-conductive electro-insulation of the surface of this immersed in that working medium transformer washer and casing those, together, are embracing the lower edge of the outer surface of this cylinder, which cylinder closed also from above—by the middle section of the J. Perkins' tube, between its evaporator and its condenser, the heat-radiative surface of which condenser is radically developed with the deeply goffered corrugations and protected from pollutions and outer radiant and convective heat-influxes by the means of the smooth, easy-cleansable, one-directedly (from inside to outside) heat-radiation-transparent (for example, the mirror-glassy) enclosure, the cavity between which enclosure and the corrugated surface of this condenser is hermetically sealed, vacuumized, and protected from destruction by the atmospheric pressure. 
   
   
       9 . The apparatus of  claim 8 , herein all electro-collectors (buses) and those of tubes which conduct as the subjected to be cooled as the gotten cooled mediums, at their sections where they intersect the directed from the surface of the parabolical mirror to its focus streams of the concentrated radiation of the Sun-heat, are protected, by the heat-standing jackets, from getting heated in this stream; in the space under the parabolical mirror, each of electro-collectors (buses) and each of tubes, before to be connected to one's moveless expectant, has its deformable section—compensator of its possible cyclical reciprocated shuffles together with other components are above the parabolical mirror; and, in addition to that, each of positive and negative electro-collectors (buses) those take their beginning from one of two thermally separated positive annular bandages, accordingly, at the “cold” and “hot” ends of the middle zone of the semiconductive thermoelectrical transformer, as well as from one of two thermally separated negative annular bandages also at the “cold” and “hot” ends of this middle zone, is thermally separated from the rest of electro-collectors (buses) along all its length until its connection to its (their) expectant.