Element of brick material for realising prefab panels for the building industry

Abstract

The present invention concerns an element ( 1 ) of brick material for realising prefab panel elements for the building industry. The inventive element ( 1 ) of brick material is of rectangular form, with an underside ( 2 ), an upper side ( 3 ) and one or a plurality of through-passing openings or ducts ( 7, 7 1 , . . . 7 13 ) on the underside ( 2 ) as well as on the upper side ( 3 ) and in the central zone between the two sides ( 2 and 3 ). On the upper side ( 3 ) distancing members ( 13 ) can be inserted into suitable recesses ( 12 ), which consisting of a pin ( 21 ) and two mushroom-shaped heads permit combination of the inventive elements ( 1 ) in such a manner that an inter-space is formed, into which cement mortar as well as the reinforcing elements ( 16 ) can be inserted. In the central zone of the element ( 1 ) also insulating material can be inserted according to the requirements, or connecting line ducts. The inventive element presents on its straight longitudinal sides a protruding portion ( 4 ) and a recessed portion ( 5 ) the shapes of which are complementary in such a manner that an insertion arrangement ( 6 ) extending over the full length of the elements is formed. The elements ( 1 ) of brick material permit realisation of at least 25 types of prefab panel elements, which in building constructions can be applied as single or double layer inner or outer walls with or without insulating material, as sandwich panels or as single layer or reinforced ceilings, where all these construction elements present advantageous mechanical and physical properties. Building costs, if the techniques feasible owing to the inventive elements ( 1 ) are applied, result substantially lower than if known systems or panel elements according to the state of the art are applied, and certainly are much lower than if traditional building construction methods are used.

1 . Element of brick material for producing prefab panel elements for the building industry,
 characterised in that   the cross-section of the element ( 1 ) is of rectangular form with an underside ( 2 ) and an upper side ( 3 ), and with one side presenting a protruding zone ( 4 ) and the other side presenting a recessed zone ( 5 ) arranged in such a manner that over the full length of the elements an insertion arrangement is obtained, and that the element is provided with at least one through-passing opening or bore ( 7 ,  7   1 ,  7   2 ,  7   3 , . . .  7   13 ) extending over the full length of the element ( 1 ).   
   
   
       2 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the upper side ( 3 ) is provided with four to six recesses ( 12 ) extending over the full length of the element and in their cross-section present the shape of a “C” open towards the op side.   
   
   
       3 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the underside ( 2 ) is provided with four to six through-passing openings or bores ( 7   9 , . . .  7   13 ) extending longitudinally for isolating the wall by forming an air chamber.   
   
   
       4 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   between the underside ( 2 ) and the upper side ( 3 ) through-passing openings or bores ( 7   4 , . . .  7   8 ) extending longitudinally are provided, which can be filled with insulating material ( 18 ) or with cement mortar.   
   
   
       5 . Element of brick material according to  claim 3 ,
 characterised in that   the height of the longitudinally oriented through-passing openings ( 7   9 , . . .  7   13 ) forming the air chamber is about one third of the height of the longitudinally extending through-passing openings ( 7   4 , . . .  7   8 ), which can be filled with insulating material or with cement mortar.   
   
   
       6 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the length (l) of the element ( 1 ) ranges between 50 cm and 150 cm, the width (m) of the element ( 1 ) ranges between 40 cm and 60 cm, the height (H) of the element ( 1 ) ranges between 10 cm and 15 cm.   
   
   
       7 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the longitudinally extending through-passing openings ( 7   4 , . . .  7   8 ) can be filled with ecological insulating material ( 18 ) for improving the thermal insulation value of the element ( 1 ).   
   
   
       8 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   two elements ( 1 ) are arranged opposite each other and mutually fixed against each other using distancing members ( 13   1 ,  13   2 ,  13   3 , . . .  13   n ), which are dimensioned in such a manner that in the inter-space between the two elements ( 1 ) further reinforcing members ( 16 ) find room, which can be immersed with cement ( 17 ) mortar for increasing the load bearing capacity of the element ( 1 ).   
   
   
       9 . Element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   into the longitudinally oriented recesses ( 12 ,  12   1 ,  12   2 ,  12   3 ,  12   4 ) in the upper side ( 3 ) the mushroom-shaped heads of the distancing members ( 13 ,  13   1 ,  13   2 ,  12   3 , . . .  13   n ) are inserted, the length of which can be suitably chosen for realising various thicknesses of the reinforced cement mortar from 10 cm to 30 cm.   
   
   
       10 . Element of brick material according to  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the distancing members ( 13 ,  13   1 ,  13   2 ,  12   3 , . . .  13   n ) are made from thermo-hardening synthetic material.   
   
   
       11 . Application of the element of brick material according to  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the elements are combined for realising box structures of various dimensions for housing Venetian blinds (lamellas), roller blinds, lintels or columns.   
   
   
       12 . Application of the element of brick material according to  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the elements ( 1 ) are combined in such a manner that different types of panel elements are realised, with one layer, with two layers, sandwich panels, and with insulation material ( 18 ) and ( 19 ) arranged in-between, ensuring that no thermal weak spots are present in the construction, which would negatively influence the thermal insulation values required by the corresponding standards.   
   
   
       13 . Application of the element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the elements ( 1 ) are combined in such a manner that that absolutely homogeneous structural elements for walls and ceilings can be realised, all using merely one inventive type of element ( 1 ).   
   
   
       14 . Application of the element of brick material according to the  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   all structures realised by combining the various types of panel elements present high resistance against earth quake loads owing to the reinforcing elements inserted ( 9 ,  9   1 , . . .  9   n ), ( 10 ,  10   1 , . . .  10   n ), ( 11 ,  11   1 , . . .  11   n ), which ensures the interconnection between vertical wall elements and horizontal ceiling elements.