Refrigerant compositions

Abstract

Refrigerant compositions are provided which include: (a) pentafluoroethane or trifluoromethoxydifluoromethane or hexafluorocyclopropane or mixtures thereof, in an amount from about 60 to about 70% by weight based on the weight of the composition; (b) 1,1,1,2- or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane or trifluoromethoxypentafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane or mixtures thereof, in an amount from about 26 to 36% by weight based on the weight of the composition; and (c) an ethylenically unsaturated or saturated hydrocarbon, optionally containing one or more oxygen atoms, having a boiling point from −12° C. to +10° C., or a mixture thereof, or a mixture of one or more of the hydrocarbons with one or more other hydrocarbons or ethers, said mixture having a bubble point from −12° C. to +10° C., in an amount from about 1% to 4% by weight based on the weight of the composition. Also provided is a process of refrigeration using the refrigerant compositions and a refrigeration apparatus containing the refrigerant compositions.

1 - 27 . (canceled)  
     
     
         28 . A nonflammable refrigerant composition consisting of: 
 (a) a mixture of pentafluoroethane in an amount from 62-70% based on the weight of the composition;    (b) a mixture of 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,2,2, tetrafluoroethane in an amount from 26 to 36% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (c) hydrocarbon that is at least 70% isobutane in an amount of from 1-4% by weight based on the weight of the composition; and    (d) up to 5% another fluorohydrocarbon.    
     
     
         29 . A nonflammable refrigerant composition consisting of: 
 (a) a mixture of pentafluoroethane in an amount from 62-70% based on the weight of the composition;    (b) a mixture of 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,2,2, tetrafluoroethane in an amount from 26 to 36% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (c) hydrocarbon that is at least 70% isobutane in an amount of from 1-4% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (d) up to 5% another fluorohydrogen; and    (e) at least one lubricant.    
     
     
         30 . A nonflammable refrigerant composition consisting of: 
 (a) a mixture of pentafluoroethane in an amount from 62-70% based on the weight of the composition;    (b) a mixture of 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,2,2, tetrafluoroethane in an amount from 26 to 36% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (c) hydrocarbon that is at least 70% isobutane in an amount of from 1-4% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (d) up to 5% another fluorohydrogen;    (e) at least one lubricant; and    (f) at least one additive.    
     
     
         31 . A nonflammable refrigerant composition consisting of: 
 (a) a mixture of pentafluoroethane in an amount from 62-70% based on the weight of the composition;    (b) a mixture of 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,2,2, tetrafluoroethane in an amount from 26 to 36% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (c) hydrocarbon that is at least 70% isobutane in an amount of from 1-4% by weight based on the weight of the composition;    (d) up to 5% another fluorohydrogen;    (e) at least one additive.    
     
     
         32 . The nonflammable composition according to  claim 29 , wherein at least one lubricant is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, alkylbenzene lubricants, synthetic lubricants, and fluorinated oils and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         33 . The nonflammable composition according to  claim 30 , wherein at least one lubricant is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, alkylbenzene lubricants, synthetic lubricants, and fluorinated oils and mixtures thereof; and at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of extreme pressure, antiwear improvers, oxidation inhibitors, thermal stability improvers, corrosion inhibitors improvers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, detergents, anti-foaming agents, and viscosity adjusters.  
     
     
         34 . The nonflammable composition according to  claim 31 , wherein: 
 at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of extreme pressure, antiwear improvers, oxidation inhibitors, thermal stability improvers, corrosion inhibitors improvers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, detergents, anti-foaming agents, and viscosity adjusters.    
     
     
         35 . The composition according to  claim 28 , wherein the hydrocarbon is only isobutane is an amount from 3-4% by weight based on the weight of the composition.  
     
     
         36 . A composition according to  claim 28  in which component (d) is selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethane, difluoromethane, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         37 . The composition according to  claim 28  in which component (a) is present in an amount above 62% up to 67% by weight based on the weight of the composition.  
     
     
         38 . The composition according to  claim 28  in which component (b) is present in an amount about 28% to about 32% by weight based on the weight of the composition.  
     
     
         39 . A refrigeration apparatus containing, as refrigerant, a composition as claimed in  claim 28 .  
     
     
         40 . A refrigeration apparatus containing, as refrigerant, a composition as claimed in  claim 29 .  
     
     
         41 . The composition according to  claim 28  wherein the component (a) is 64.9 weight %, component (b) is 31.7 weight %, and component (c) is 3.4 weight % isobutane.  
     
     
         42 . The composition according to  claim 28  wherein component (c) is 3-4% isobutane.  
     
     
         43 . The refrigerant composition of  claim 28 , wherein component (d) does not exceed about 2% by weight of the sum of the weight of components (a), (b) and (c) composition.