Inhibitors of IAP

Abstract

The invention provides novel inhibitors of IAP that are useful as therapeutic agents for treating malignancies where the compounds have the general formula I: wherein X, Y, A, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 4 ′, R 5 , R 5 ′, R 6 and R 6 ′ are as described herein.

1 . A compound of formula I:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein  
       X 1 , X 2  and X 3  are independently O or S;  
       Y is (CHR 7 ) n , O or S; wherein n is 1 or 2 and R 7  is H, halogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, amino, arylamino, alkylamino, aralkylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy or aralkyloxy;  
       A is a 5-member heterocycle comprising 1 to 4 heteroatoms optionally substituted with amino, hydroxyl, mercapto, halogen, carboxyl, amidino, guanidino, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, alkylsulfonylamino or a heterocycle; wherein each alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, cycloalkyl and heterocycle substitution is optionally substituted with hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, carboxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, amino, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, aryl or a heterocycle;  
       R 1  is H or R 1  and R 2  together form a 5-8 member ring;  
       R 2  is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, a heterocycle or heterocyclylalkyl; each optionally substituted with hydroxyl, mercapto, halogen, amino, carboxyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy or alkylthio;  
       R 3  is H or alkyl;  
       R 4  and R 4 ′ are independently H, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl wherein each alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl and heteroarylalkyl is optionally substituted with halogen, hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, amino and nitro;  
       R 5 , and R 5 ′ are each independently H or alkyl;  
       R 6 , and R 6 ′ are each independently H, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;  
       and salts and solvates thereof.  
     
   
   
       2 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein ring A has the formula IIa or IIb:  
     3.  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein Q 1  is NR 8 , O or S; Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 , Q 6 , Q 7 , and Q 8 , are independently CR 9  or N;  
       wherein R 9  is H, amino, hydroxyl, mercapto, halogen, carboxyl, amidino, guanidino, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, cycloalkyl or a heterocycle; wherein each alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, cycloalkyl and heterocycle substitution is optionally substituted with hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, carboxyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, amino, nitro, cycloalkyl, aryl or a heterocycle; R 8  is H, alkyl, acyl, aryl, cycloalkyl or a heterocycle;  
       wherein each alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl and heterocycle is optionally substituted with hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, carboxyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, amino, nitro, cycloalkyl, aryl or a heterocycle;  
       and Q 9  is CH or N.  
     
   
   
       3 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein ring A is selected from the group consisting of:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein R 8  is H, alkyl or acyl.  
     
   
   
       4 . The compound of  claim 3 , wherein R 8  is H.  
   
   
       5 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 1  and R 2  together form a 5-8 member ring.  
   
   
       6 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 1  is H.  
   
   
       7 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 2  is alkyl or cycloalkyl.  
   
   
       8 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 2  is isopropyl, t-butyl, or cyclohexyl.  
   
   
       9 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 3  is methyl.  
   
   
       10 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 4  is H or methyl, and R 4 ′ is H.  
   
   
       11 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 5  and R 5 ′ are independently H or methyl.  
   
   
       12 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 6  and R 6 ′ are independently H or methyl.  
   
   
       13 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein each of X 1 , X 2  and X 3  are O.  
   
   
       14 . The compound of  claim 2 , wherein R 1  is H; R 2  is isopropyl, t-butyl, or cyclohexyl; R 3  is methyl; R 4  is H or methyl, and R 4 ′ is H, R 5  and R 5 ′ are H or methyl; X 1 , X 2  and X 3  are O.  
   
   
       15 . A method of inducing apoptosis in a cell comprising introducing into said cell a compound of  claim 1 .  
   
   
       16 . A method of sensitizing a cell to an apoptotic signal comprising introducing into said cell a compound of  claim 1 .  
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein said apoptotic signal is induced by contacting said cell with a compound selected from the group consisting of cytarabine, fludarabine, 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuiridine, gemcitabine, methotrexate, bleomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin (doxorubicin), mitoxantrone, camptothecin, topotecan, colcemid, colchicine, paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, tamoxifen, finasteride, taxotere and mitomycin C.  
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein said apoptotic signal is induced by contacting said cell with Apo2L/TRAIL.  
   
   
       19 . A method for inhibiting the binding of an IAP protein to a caspase protein comprising contacting said IAP protein with a compound of  claim 1 .  
   
   
       20 . A method for treating a disease or condition associated with the overexpression of an IAP in a mammal, comprising administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of  claim 1 .  
   
   
       21 . A method for treating cancer, comprising administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of  claim 1.