Method for Producing Non-Wovens, a Corresponding Non-Woven and the Production Thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a proton-conducting polymer membrane and to a method for the production thereof. Starting from a catalyst layer, which is homogeneously deposited on the polymer membrane ( 3 ), the catalyst layer is subdivided into a number of catalyst segments ( 1 a , 1 b ) by microstructuring so that adjacent fuel cell units of a planar fuel cell arrangement can be realized in the smallest possible space.

1 - 32 . (canceled)  
     
     
         33 . A method for the production of non-woven fabrics, in which a cellulose carbamate solution is spun into a plurality of filament yarns by means of extrusion through a nozzle block containing at least 20 openings into a regenerating bath, said filament yarns being intermingled subsequently by being subjected to a flow with gaseous medium and/or fluid.  
     
     
         34 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein a nozzle block with at least 10,000 openings is used.  
     
     
         35 . The method according to  claim 34 , wherein the openings of the nozzle block are disposed linearly or in an array-like manner.  
     
     
         36 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the ratio of length to diameter of the nozzles is from 1 to 20.  
     
     
         37 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the filament yarns are spun into the regenerating bath vertically from the bottom to the top.  
     
     
         38 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the spinning of the filament yarns is effected in the wet state.  
     
     
         39 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the filament yarns are guided downwards after spinning into a slot-shaped funnel, the intermingling with the gaseous medium and/or fluid being effected at the outlet of the funnel.  
     
     
         40 . The method according to  claim 39 , wherein a further intermingling of the filament yarns is achieved by a shaking movement of the funnel.  
     
     
         41 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein air and/or water are used as gaseous medium and/or fluid.  
     
     
         42 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the filament yarns are laid on a conveyor belt after the intermingling.  
     
     
         43 . The method according to  claim 42 , wherein a further intermingling of the filament yarns is achieved by a shaking movement of the conveyor belt.  
     
     
         44 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the cellulose carbamate is dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution.  
     
     
         45 . The method according to  claim 44 , wherein the cellulose carbamate proportion of the cellulose carbamate solution is at least 6 to 12% by weight, relative to the solution.  
     
     
         46 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the regenerating bath comprises sulphuric acid with a concentration of 50 to 200 g/l, and also 100 to 300 g/l sodium sulphate.  
     
     
         47 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the non-woven fabric is subsequently washed, pressed and dried.  
     
     
         48 . The method according to  claim 47 , wherein the washing is effected by a water jet at high pressure.  
     
     
         49 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein the cellulose carbamate is regenerated into cellulose in a regenerating bath.  
     
     
         50 . The method according to  claim 49 , wherein the regenerating bath comprises 0.3 to 1% by weight sodium hydroxide in water and the regeneration is effected at a temperature of 60 to 95° C.  
     
     
         51 . The method according to  claim 50 , wherein the regeneration is implemented after extrusion and intermingling.  
     
     
         52 . The method according to  claim 50 , wherein the regeneration is implemented after production of the non-woven fabric.  
     
     
         53 . A non-woven fabric comprising a random orientation of filament yarns made of cellulose carbamate.  
     
     
         54 . A non-woven fabric comprising a random orientation of filament yarns made of cellulose carbamate produced according to the method of  claim 33 .  
     
     
         55 . A non-woven fabric comprising a random orientation of filament yarns made of regenerated cellulose.  
     
     
         56 . The non-woven fabric according to  claim 55 , wherein the residual N-content is from 0.3 to 0.5%.  
     
     
         57 . The non-woven fabric according to  claim 55 , wherein the non-woven fabric has a pore structure with a porosity of 1 to 10%.  
     
     
         58 . The non-woven fabric according to  claim 55 , wherein the non-woven fabric has a specific internal surface between 20 and 50 m 2 /cm 3 , measured by means of small angle x-ray scattering, SAXS.  
     
     
         59 . A non-woven fabric comprising a random orientation of filament yarns made of regenerated cellulose is produced with the method according to  claim 49 .  
     
     
         60 . A method of utilizing a non-woven fabric according to  claim 53 , comprising forming one of an operating sheet, bed sheet, surgical dressing, gauze, cotton, wool pad, hygiene materials, household wipes, tablecloths, serviettes, curtains, non-woven liners for clothing, reinforcing mats and isolating jackets from the non-woven fabric.