Composition of fuel oils

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel oil additive comprising A) a copolymer of ethylene and from 13 to 17 mol % of at least one acrylic ester or vinyl ester having a C 1 -C 18 -alkyl radical and a melt viscosity V 140 of not more than 80 mPas, and B) a comb polymer comprising structural units formed from B1) at least one olefin as monomer 1, which bears at least one C 8 -C 18 -alkyl radical on the olefinic double bond, and B2) at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid as monomer 2, which bears at least one C 8 -C 16 -alkyl radical bonded via an ester group, in which the parameter Q Q = ∑ i  w 1  i · n 1  i + ∑ j  w 2  j · n 2  j in which w 1 is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 1 in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, w 2 is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 2 in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, n 1 are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, n 2 are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, i is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, and is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2 assumes values of from 23 to 27.

1 . A fuel oil additive comprising
 A) a copolymer of ethylene and from 13 to 17 mol % of at least one acrylic ester or vinyl ester having a C 1 -C 18 -alkyl radical and a melt viscosity V 140  of not more than 80 mPas, and   B) a comb polymer comprising structural units formed from   B1) at least one olefin as monomer 1, which bears at least one C 8 -C 18 -alkyl radical on the olefinic double bond, and   B2) at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid as monomer 2, which bears at least one C 8 -C 16 -alkyl radical bonded via an ester group, in which the parameter Q   
       
         
           
             
               Q 
               = 
               
                 
                   
                     ∑ 
                     i 
                   
                    
                   
                     
                       w 
                       
                         1 
                          
                         i 
                       
                     
                     · 
                     
                       n 
                       
                         1 
                          
                         i 
                       
                     
                   
                 
                 + 
                 
                   
                     ∑ 
                     j 
                   
                    
                   
                     
                       w 
                       
                         2 
                          
                         j 
                       
                     
                     · 
                     
                       n 
                       
                         2 
                          
                         j 
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
       in which
 w 1  is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 1  in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, 
 w 2  is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 2  in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, 
 n 1  are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, 
 n 2  are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, 
 i is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, and 
 j is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2 
 
       assumes values of from 23 to 27. 
     
     
         2 . The fuel oil additive as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein Q assumes values of from 24 to 26. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel oil additive as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) comprises from 15 to 17 mol % of at least one vinyl ester. 
     
     
         4 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) comprises from 0.5 to 10 mol % of olefins having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein component A) has a degree of branching of less than 6 CH 3 /100 CH 2  groups, determined by means of  1 H NMR spectroscopy. 
     
     
         6 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein the constituent B1) is an α-olefin. 
     
     
         7 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein the monomer B1) and the comonomer B2) are present in copolymer B) in a molar ratio of between 1.5:1 and 1:1.5. 
     
     
         8 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein copolymer B, as well as comonomers B1) and B2), also comprises up to 20 mol % of a further comonomer other than B1) and B2), selected from the group consisting of an olefin having less than 10 and more than 20 carbon atoms, an allyl polyglycol ether, a C 1 -C 30 -alkyl(meth)acrylate, a vinylaromatic ether, a C 1 -C 20 -alkyl vinyl ether, and a polyisobutene having a molecular weight of up to 5000 g/mol. 
     
     
         9 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) has a melt viscosity V 140  of from 5 to 80 mPas. 
     
     
         10 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) has a molecular weight Mw of from 1000 to 10 000 g/mol. 
     
     
         11 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , in which constituent B) has a molecular weight of from 1200 to 200 000 g/mol. 
     
     
         12 . A fuel oil composition comprising a fuel oil of vegetable or animal origin or a mixture thereof and a fuel oil additive as claimed in  claim 1 . 
     
     
         13 . The fuel oil composition as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the fuel oil comprises a mixture of fatty acid esters of C 1 - to C 4 -alcohols. 
     
     
         14 . The fuel oil composition as claimed in  claim 13 , wherein the fatty acid esters include stearic acid methyl ester and palmitic acid methyl ester in a proportion of at least 7% by weight. 
     
     
         15 . A method for improving the cold behavior of a fuel oil of vegetable or animal origin or a mixture thereof, said method comprising adding the fuel oil additive of  claim 1  to the fuel oil.