Composition of fuel oils

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel oil additive comprising A) a copolymer of ethylene and from 18 to 35 mol % of at least one acrylic ester or vinyl ester having a C 1 -C 18 -alkyl radical and a degree of branching of less than 5 CH 3 /100 CH 2 groups, and B) a comb polymer comprising structural units formed from B1) at least one olefin as monomer 1, which bears at least one C 8 -C 18 -alkyl radical on the olefinic double bond, and B2) at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid as monomer 2, which bears at least one C 8 -C 16 -alkyl radical bonded via an ester group, in which the parameter Q Q = ∑ i   w 1  i · n 1  i + ∑ j   w 2  j · n 2  j in which w 1 is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 1 in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, w 2 is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 2 in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, n 1 are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, n 2 are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, i is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, and j is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2 assumes values of from 23 to 27.

1 . A fuel oil additive comprising
 A) a copolymer of ethylene and from 18 to 35 mol % of at least one acrylic ester or vinyl ester having a C 1 -C 18 -alkyl radical and a degree of branching of less than 5 CH 3 /100 CH 2  groups, and   B) a comb polymer comprising structural units formed from   B1) at least one olefin as monomer 1, which bears at least one C 8 -C 18 -alkyl radical on the olefinic double bond, and   B2) at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid as monomer 2, which bears at least one C 8 -C 16 -alkyl radical bonded via an ester group, in which the parameter Q   
       
         
           
             
               Q 
               = 
               
                 
                   
                     ∑ 
                     i 
                   
                    
                   
                       
                   
                    
                   
                     
                       w 
                       
                         1 
                          
                         i 
                       
                     
                     · 
                     
                       n 
                       
                         1 
                          
                         i 
                       
                     
                   
                 
                 + 
                 
                   
                     ∑ 
                     j 
                   
                    
                   
                       
                   
                    
                   
                     
                       w 
                       
                         2 
                          
                         j 
                       
                     
                     · 
                     
                       n 
                       
                         2 
                          
                         j 
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
       in which
 w 1  is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 1  in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, 
 w 2  is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths n 2  in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, 
 n 1  are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, 
 n 2  are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, 
 i is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, 
 
       and
 j is the serial variable for the chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2 
 
       assumes values of from 23 to 27. 
     
     
         2 . The fuel oil additive as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein Q assumes values of from 24 to 26. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel oil additive as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) comprises from 18.5 to 27 mol % of at least one vinyl ester. 
     
     
         4 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) comprises from 0.5 to 10 mol % of olefins having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein the degree of branching of constituent A) is less than 4 CH 3 /100 CH 2  groups, determined by means of  1 H NMR spectroscopy. 
     
     
         6 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein the constituent B1) is an α-olefin. 
     
     
         7 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein the monomer B1) and the comonomer B2) are present in copolymer B) in a molar ratio of between 1.5:1 and 1:1.5. 
     
     
         8 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein copolymer B, as well as comonomers B1) and B2), also comprises up to 20 mol % of a further comonomer other than B1) and B2), selected from the group consisting of an olefin having less than 10 and more than 20 carbon atoms, an allyl polyglycol ether a C 1 -C 30 -alkyl (meth)acrylate, a vinylaromatic ether, a C 1 -C 20 -alkyl vinyl ether, and a polyisobutene having a molecular weight of up to 5000 g/mol. 
     
     
         9 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) has a melt viscosity V 140  of from 5 to 100 mPas. 
     
     
         10 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , wherein constituent A) has a molecular weight Mw of from 1000 to 10 000 g/mol. 
     
     
         11 . The fuel oil additive of  claim 1 , in which constituent B) has a molecular weight of from 1200 to 200 000 g/mol. 
     
     
         12 . A fuel oil composition comprising a fuel oil of vegetable or animal origin or a mixture thereof and a fuel oil additive as claimed in  claim 1 . 
     
     
         13 . The fuel oil composition as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the fuel oil comprises a mixture of fatty acid esters of C 1 - to C 4 -alcohols. 
     
     
         14 . The fuel oil composition as claimed in  claim 13 , wherein the fatty acid esters include stearic acid methyl ester and palmitic acid methyl ester in a proportion of at least 7% by weight. 
     
     
         15 . A method for improving the cold behavior of a fuel oil of vegetable or animal origin or a mixture thereof, said method comprising adding the fuel oil additive of  claim 1  to the fuel oil.