Dissipating friction and heat during machining

Abstract

A nanofluid for dissipating friction and heat during machining includes a fluidic vehicle and a plurality of lubricious nanoparticles dispersed throughout the fluidic vehicle. A method for reducing material transfer during machining processes includes reducing a temperature of at least a portion of an article to be machined at least one of prior to machining, during machining, or combinations thereof.

1 . A method for reducing material transfer during machining processes, the method comprising reducing a temperature of at least a portion of an article to be machined at least one of prior to machining, during machining, or combinations thereof.  
     
     
         2 . The method as defined in  claim 1  wherein the temperature is reduced locally by directing a cryogenic fluid to the at least a portion of the article.  
     
     
         3 . The method as defined in  claim 2  wherein the cryogenic fluid is selected from a gas, a liquid, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         4 . The method as defined in  claim 3  wherein the cryogenic gas is carbon dioxide.  
     
     
         5 . The method as defined in  claim 3  wherein the cryogenic liquid is liquid nitrogen.  
     
     
         6 . The method as defined in  claim 1  wherein the temperature is reduced both prior to and during machining, and wherein reducing the temperature is accomplished by exposing the article to a predetermined cool temperature prior to and during machining.  
     
     
         7 . The method as defined in  claim 1  wherein the temperature is reduced prior to machining by exposing the article to a predetermined cool temperature, and wherein the method further comprises: 
 removing the article from the predetermined cool temperature; and    substantially immediately machining the article after removing the article from the predetermined cool temperature.    
     
     
         8 . The method as defined in  claim 1  wherein the temperature is reduced by directing a nanofluid to the at least a portion of the article, the nanofluid including a fluidic vehicle and a plurality of lubricious nanoparticles dispersed throughout the vehicle.  
     
     
         9 . The method as defined in  claim 8  wherein the plurality of lubricious nanoparticles is selected from lead, bismuth, indium, tin, alloys thereof, graphite, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         10 . A nanofluid for dissipating friction and heat, comprising: 
 a fluidic vehicle; and    a plurality of lubricious nanoparticles dispersed throughout the vehicle.    
     
     
         11 . The nanofluid as defined in  claim 10  wherein the plurality of lubricious nanoparticles is selected from lead, bismuth, indium, tin, alloys thereof, graphite, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         12 . The nanofluid as defined in  claim 10  wherein each of the plurality of lubricious metallic nanoparticles adds at least one of lubricity or heat dispersal qualities to the nanofluid.  
     
     
         13 . The nanofluid as defined in  claim 10  wherein each of the plurality of lubricious nanoparticles is less than 100 nm in at least one dimension.  
     
     
         14 . The nanofluid as defined in  claim 10  wherein the fluidic vehicle is selected from mineral oil, vegetable oil, water, synthetic ester formulations, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         15 . A method for reducing material transfer, the method comprising: 
 machining at least a portion of an article; and    introducing a nanofluid including lubricious nanoparticles dispersed throughout a vehicle to the at least a portion of the article during the machining process.    
     
     
         16 . The method as defined in  claim 15  wherein the nanofluid reduces a temperature of the at least a portion of the article, lubricates the at least a portion of the article, or combinations thereof.