Method of generation of surgeless flow of the working fluid and a device for its implementation

Abstract

The invention refers to mechanical engineering and can be used for reducing the level of vibrations and noise caused by pulsations of the fluid flow generated by a rotor sliding-vane machine. A method of generating a surgeless fluid flow by rotating the rotor of the rotor sliding-vane machine, separating the fluid in the transfer cavities from the inlet cavity by the vanes, transference the transfer cavities to the outlet cavity of the machine, merging them with the outlet cavity followed by the fluid displacement characterized by that the volumes of the transfer cavities and fluid pressure in them are varied in the process of the transference so that the mentioned pressures are substantially equalized with the outlet pressure by the moment when the transfer cavities are merged with the outlet cavity. A rotor sliding-vane machine with a working chamber in the annular groove on the face of the rotor comprising vanes in the vane chambers and force chambers of variable volume. The machine comprises means of variation of the volume of the force chambers and fluid pressure in them, and means of adjusting the degree of the working fluid pressure changes in the force chambers.

1 . Method of generation of a surgeless flow of a working fluid including rotating a rotor of a rotor sliding-vane machine; filling an inlet cavity of the machine with the working fluid at inlet pressure; detaching the working fluid from the inlet cavity by vanes in transfer cavities separated from an outlet cavity with an outlet pressure substantially unequal to the inlet pressure; transferring the working fluid in the transfer cavities to the outlet cavity; merging the transfer cavities with the outlet cavity and displacing the working fluid to the outlet cavity of the machine, while each transfer cavity includes at least one chamber of variable volume and is separated from the inlet and outlet cavities within given range of the angles of the rotor rotation 
 wherein a pressure of the working fluid in the transfer cavities is being varied in the process of the said transference by variating volumes of the transfer cavities and said chambers of variable volume, so that the said pressures become substantially equal to the outlet pressure by the moment of merging the said transfer cavities with the outlet cavity.    
   
   
       2 . The method according to  claim 1  wherein at the increase of the difference between the inlet and outlet pressures the total amplitude of variation of the volumes of the transfer cavities is increased, while it is decreased at the decrease of the said difference.  
   
   
       3 . The method according to  claim 1  wherein pulsations of the outlet pressure are detected and if the moments of merging the transfer cavities with the outlet cavity match with the rising fronts of the outlet pressure pulsations then at the outlet pressure exceeding the inlet pressure total amplitude of variation of the volumes of the transfer cavities is decreased, while it is increased at the inlet pressure exceeding the outlet pressure, but if the said moments of time match with the falling fronts of the outlet pressure pulsations, then at the outlet pressure exceeding the inlet pressure the said total amplitude is increased while it is decreased at the inlet pressure exceeding the outlet pressure.  
   
   
       4 . The method according to  claim 1  wherein in case of the positive difference between the reference pressure equal to the chosen value between the inlet and outlet pressures and the pressure in the current transfer cavity at the angle of the rotor rotation equal to the reference angle chosen in the range from the angle of detachment of the said transfer cavity from the inlet cavity to the angle of merging the said transfer cavity to the outlet cavity, at the outlet pressure exceeding the inlet pressure total amplitude of variation of the volumes of the transfer cavities is increased, while it is decreased at the inlet pressure exceeding the outlet pressure, but if the said difference is negative, at the outlet pressure exceeding the inlet pressure said total amplitude is decreased, while it is increased at the inlet pressure exceeding the outlet pressure.  
   
   
       5 . The method according to  claim 4  wherein for each transfer cavity there are detected pulsations of the outlet pressure in the moments of its merging with the outlet cavity and, if the said moments match with the rising fronts of pulsations of the outlet pressure, then at the outlet pressure exceeding the inlet pressure the said reference angle for this transfer cavity is shifted closer to the angle of merging of the said transfer cavity to the outlet cavity, while at the inlet pressure exceeding the outlet pressure it is shifted closer to the angle of detachment of the said transfer cavity from the inlet cavity, but if the said moments match with the falling fronts of pulsations of the outlet pressure, then at the outlet pressure exceeding the inlet pressure the said reference angle for this transfer cavity is shifted closer to the angle of detachment of the said transfer cavity from the inlet cavity, while at the inlet pressure exceeding the outlet pressure it is shifted closer to the angle of merging of the said transfer cavity with the outlet cavity.  
   
   
       6 . The method according to  claim 1  wherein the said range of the rotor rotation angles is increased at increase of the difference between the outlet and inlet pressures and decreased at decrease of the said difference for each transfer cavity.  
   
   
       7 . The method according to  claim 6  wherein for each transfer cavity the said range of the rotor rotation angles is changed by variation of the angle of the rotor rotation at which the said transfer cavity merges with the outlet cavity.  
   
   
       8 . The method according to  claim 6  wherein for each transfer cavity the said range of the angles of the rotor rotation is changed by variation of the angle of the rotor rotation at which the said transfer cavity is detached from the inlet cavity.  
   
   
       9 . The method according to  claim 1  wherein the volumes of the transfer cavities are varied as a sine function of the angle of the transfer cavities travel.  
   
   
       10 . The method according to  claim 9  wherein the current transfer cavity is merged with the outlet cavity when at least one of the following transfer cavities is detached from the inlet cavity, while at the moment of merging the said current transfer cavity with the outlet cavity there is generated a compensating flow of the working fluid between one of the said following transfer cavities and the outlet cavity via a compensating hydraulic duct.  
   
   
       11 . The method according to  claim 10  wherein at the moment of detachment of the current backward transfer cavity from the outlet cavity there is created the second compensating flow of the working fluid between one of the said following transfer cavities and the outlet cavity via the second compensating hydraulic duct.  
   
   
       12 . The method according to  claim 10  or  11  wherein at increase of the rotor rotation speed hydraulic resistance of the said compensating hydraulic duct is decreased, while it is increased at decrease of the said speed.  
   
   
       13 . The method according to  claim 1  wherein the working fluid is detached from the outlet cavity in backward transfer cavities isolated from the inlet cavity, the working fluid is transferred in the backward transfer cavities to the inlet cavity and backward transfer cavities are merged with the inlet cavity, while each backward transfer cavity has its individual range of the rotor rotation angles within which the said backward transfer cavity is isolated from the outlet and inlet cavities, and in the process of the said transference the pressure of the working fluid in the backward transfer cavities is varied by variation of volumes of the backward transfer cavities so that the said pressures are substantially equalized with the inlet pressure by the moment the said backward transfer cavities merge with the inlet cavity.  
   
   
       14 . The method according to  claim 13  wherein the said range of the rotor rotation angles is increased at increase of the difference between the outlet and inlet pressures and decreased at decrease of the said difference for each backward transfer cavity.  
   
   
       15 . The method according to  claim 13  wherein for each backward transfer cavity the said range of the rotor rotation angles is decreased at increase of displacement of the rotor sliding-vane machine and it is increased at decrease of the said displacement.  
   
   
       16 . The method according to  claim 14  or  15  wherein for each backward transfer cavity the said range of the rotor rotation angles is changed by variation of the angle of the rotor rotation at which the said backward transfer cavity merges with the inlet cavity.  
   
   
       17 . The method according to  claim 14  or  15  wherein for each backward transfer cavity the said range of the rotor rotation angles is changed by variation of the angle of the rotor rotation at which the said backward transfer cavity detaches from the outlet cavity.  
   
   
       18 . A device for generation of a surgeless flow of the working fluid comprising a housing with inlet and outlet ports including a working cover plate with a forward transfer limiter and a backward transfer limiter, a rotor with vane chambers in it's working part and with an annular groove made on a working face of a working part of the rotor and connected to the vane chambers with vanes which are kinematically connected to a vanes drive mechanism mounted on the housing, while the working cover plate of the housing is in sliding insulating contact with the working face surface of the working part of the rotor and forms a working chamber in the annular groove, while rotor means of backward transfer insulation being in sliding insulating contact with the backward transfer limiter as well as rotor means of forward transfer insulation being in sliding insulating contact with the forward transfer limiter including the vanes separate from each other inlet cavity hydraulically connected to the inlet port, outlet cavity hydraulically connected to the outlet port and at least one transfer cavity including an inter-vane cavity bounded by the surfaces of the annular groove, forward transfer limiter and two adjacent vanes, while each transfer cavity corresponds to its individual range of angles of the rotor rotation within which the said transfer cavity is separated from the inlet and outlet cavities, wherein each transfer cavity comprises at least one force chamber connected to the inter-vane cavity of the said transfer cavity, while the said force chamber is kinematically connected to the means of variation of the volumes with a possibility to change a proportion between the volume of the force chamber at the angle of the rotor rotation at which it is connected to the inlet cavity and the volume of the same force chamber at another angle of the rotor rotation at which it is connected to the outlet cavity.  
   
   
       19 . The device according to  claim 18  wherein the rotor is provided with a supporting part of the rotor made with a possibility to rotate synchronously with the working part of the rotor and to make axial movements and tilts relative to it causing the variation of the volumes of the said force chambers, while the means of variation of the volumes comprise means of tilting made with a possibility of tilting the rotation axis of the supporting part of the rotor relative to the rotation axis of the working part of the rotor.  
   
   
       20 . The device according to  claim 19  wherein the means of tilting comprise a rotatory thrust block with the supporting part of the rotor mounted on it.  
   
   
       21 . The device according to  claim 19  wherein the means of tilting comprise a supporting cover plate of the housing being in sliding insulating contact with the supporting part of the rotor.  
   
   
       22 . The device according to  claim 21  wherein the supporting cover plate of the housing and the working cover plate of the housing are joined forming an operational unit of the housing located between the working and supporting part of the rotor.  
   
   
       23 . The device according to  claim 19  wherein the means of tilting comprise a converter of the amplitude and phase of the outlet pressure pulsations into a travel of a travelling element kinematically connected to the supporting part of the rotor with a possibility to vary the tilt angle of rotation axis of the supporting part of the rotor by the travel of the said element.  
   
   
       24 . The device according to  claim 19  wherein the forward transfer limiter is made axially movable with a possibility to vary it's protrusion extent into the annular groove, while the said means of tilting are made with a possibility of variation of the tilt angle of rotation axis of the supporting part of the rotor at the variation of the axial position of the forward transfer limiter.  
   
   
       25 . The device according to  claim 19  wherein the said means of tilting comprise a converter of the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet cavities into a travel of the travelling element kinematically connected to the supporting part of the rotor with a possibility of variation of the tilt angle of rotation axis of the supporting part of the rotor by the travel of the said element.  
   
   
       26 . The device according to  claim 19 , wherein the said means of tilting comprise a converter of the difference between the reference pressure equal to the chosen value between the inlet and outlet pressures, and the pressure in the current transfer cavity at the angle of the rotor rotation equal to the reference angle chosen within the range from the angle of detachment of the said transfer cavity from the inlet cavity to the angle of merging of the said transfer cavity with the outlet cavity into a travel of the travelling element kinematically connected to the supporting part of the rotor with a possibility of variation of the tilt angle of rotation axis of the supporting part of the rotor by the travel of the said element.  
   
   
       27 . The device according to  claim 26  wherein the said converter comprises a control valve and a hydraulic actuator made as a differential double-acting hydrocylinder and a travelling element is made as a piston between two cavities of the said hydrocylinder, while the hydrocylinder is mounted with a possibility of hydraulic connection of first cavity of the hydrocylinder to the transfer cavities via a control valve and hydraulic connection of second cavity of the hydrocylinder—to the outlet cavity.  
   
   
       28 . The device according to  claim 26  wherein the said converter comprises a control valve and a hydraulic actuator made as a differential double-acting hydrocylinder and a travelling element is made as a piston between two cavities of the said hydrocylinder, while the hydrocylinder is mounted with a possibility of hydraulic connection of first cavity of the hydrocylinder to the transfer cavities via the control valve and hydraulic connection of second cavity of the hydrocylinder—to the inlet cavity.  
   
   
       29 . The device according to any of claims  27 ,  28  wherein the said means of tilting comprise means of opening and closing the control valve made with a possibility of variation of the moments of opening and closing the control valve depending on the amplitude and phase of the outlet pressure pulsations.  
   
   
       30 . The device according to any of claims  27 ,  28  wherein the control valve is made as a sliding valve selector with a stator window made on the housing and hydraulically connected to the said converter and rotor windows made on the rotor with a possibility of hydraulic connection of each rotor window to the stator window while every transfer cavity is hydraulically connected to one rotor window.  
   
   
       31 . The device according to any of claims  27 ,  28  wherein the control valve is made as a sliding valve selector with at least two stator windows made on the housing, a selector switch of stator windows made with a possibility of hydraulic connection of the said stator windows to the said converter and rotor windows made on the rotor with a possibility to connect each rotor window to each stator window, while every transfer cavity is hydraulically connected to one rotor window.  
   
   
       32 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the outlet cavity is connected to one end of a channel the other end of which is made with a possibility to be connected to the transfer cavities, while the said channel has a valve made with a possibility to unlock the said channel.  
   
   
       33 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the vane is mounted in the vane chamber with a possibility to isolate the transfer cavity from the outlet cavity at one sign of the pressure difference between the said cavities and not to isolate the said cavities from each other at opposite sign of the said pressure difference.  
   
   
       34 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the vanes drive mechanism is made with a possibility of variating the angles of the rotor rotation at which the vanes detach the transfer cavities from the inlet cavity.  
   
   
       35 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the inlet cavity is connected to one end of a channel the other end of which is made with a possibility to be connected to the transfer cavities, while the said channel has a valve made with a possibility to close the said channel.  
   
   
       36 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the inlet cavity is connected to a selector switch hydraulically connected to at least two bypass channels made in the housing of the machine with a possibility of hydraulic connection to transfer cavities, while the said selector switch is made with a possibility to connect bypass channels with the inlet cavity and to disconnect bypass channels from the inlet cavity.  
   
   
       37 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the rotor means of backward transfer insulation being in sliding insulating contact with the backward transfer limiter are made with a possibility to separate from the inlet and outlet cavities at least one backward transfer cavity comprising a force chamber while each backward transfer cavity corresponds to its individual range of the angles of the rotor rotation within which the said backward transfer cavity is separated from the inlet and outlet cavities, and the inlet cavity is connected to one end of a channel the other end of which is made with a possibility to be connected to the backward transfer cavities, while the said channel has a valve made with a possibility to unlock the said channel.  
   
   
       38 . The device according to any of claims  18  wherein the rotor means of backward transfer insulation being in sliding insulating contact with the backward transfer limiter are made with a possibility to separate from inlet and outlet cavities at least one backward transfer cavity comprising a force chamber, while each backward transfer cavity corresponds to its individual range of the angles of the rotor rotation within which the said backward transfer cavity is separated from inlet and outlet cavities, and the outlet cavity is connected to one end of a channel the other end of which is made with a possibility to be connected to the backward transfer cavities, while the said channel has a valve made with a possibility to close the said channel.