Polymeric imides as pour point depressant additives for oil compositions

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to oil compositions, primarily to fuel oil and petroleum compositions produced there from susceptible to wax formation at low temperatures, to polymeric imides for use with such fuel oil compositions, and to methods for their manufacture.

1 . An oil composition having improved low temperature properties comprising oil and an effective amount of a pour point depressant additive composition that comprises at least one pour point depressant additive of the formulae I  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein each R 1  is independently selected from H or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are each independently selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 up to 50 carbon atoms, m is an integer of from 1 to 50, n is an integer of from 0 to 50, and each R 5  is independently selected from O and NH.  
   
   
       2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein R 1  is H or a C 6 -C 30  saturated or unsaturated, substituted, or unsubstituted alkyl group, R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from C 6 -C 30  saturated or unsaturated, substituted, or unsubstituted alkyl groups; m is an integer of from 1 to 30 and n is an integer of from 1-30.  
   
   
       3 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein R 1  is H or a C 8 -C 24  saturated or unsaturated, substituted, or unsubstituted alkyl group R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from C 8 -C 24  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups; m is an integer of from 1 to 30 and n is an integer of from 1-20.  
   
   
       4 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said oil is selected from the group consisting of crude oil, fuel oil, castor oil, fish oil, biodiesel and mixtures thereof.  
   
   
       5 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said oil composition having improved low temperature properties comprises 0.0001% to 1% by weight of the pour point depressant additive composition of the invention, based on the weight of oil.  
   
   
       6 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said oil composition having improved low temperature properties comprises 0.0001 to 1.0% by weight of the pour point depressant additive composition of the invention, based on the weight of oil.  
   
   
       7 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said oil composition having improved low temperature properties comprises 0.0001 to 1.0% by weight of the pour point depressant additive composition of the invention, based on the weight of oil.  
   
   
       8 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said oil is crude oil or fuel oil.  
   
   
       9 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the oil has a wax content of 0.1 to 20% by weight, measured at 10 degrees below wax appearance temperature.  
   
   
       10 . The composition of  claim 1  one or more other co-additives such as known in the art, for example the following: detergents, particulate emission reducers, storage stabilizers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, dehazers, demulsifiers, antifoaming agents, cetane improvers, cosolvents, package compatibilizers, and lubricity additives.  
   
   
       11 . A pour point depressant additive concentrate that comprises at least one pour point depressant additive of the formula:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein each R 1  is independently selected from H or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are each independently selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 up to 50 carbon atoms, m is an integer of from 1 to 50, n is an integer of from 0 to 50, and each R 5  is independently selected from O and NH.  
   
   
       12 . The concentrate of  claim 11  wherein R 1  is H or a C 6 -C 30  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from C 6 -C 30  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups; m is an integer of from 1 to 30 and n is an integer of from 1-30.  
   
   
       13 . The concentrate of  claim 11  wherein R 1  is H or a C 8 -C 24  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from C 8 -C 24  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups; m is an integer of from 1 to 30 and n is an integer of from 1-20.  
   
   
       14 . The concentrate of  claim 11  wherein said solvent an organic solvent.  
   
   
       15 . The concentrate of  claim 11  wherein said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of naphtha, kerosene, diesel, heater oil; aromatic hydrocarbon fraction, alcohols, esters, hexane, pentane, isoparaffins and mixtures thereof.  
   
   
       16 . The concentrate of  claim 11  that contains between 3 and 75% of said pour point depressant additive.  
   
   
       17 . The concentrate of  claim 16  that contains between 10 and 65%, of the pour point depressant additive.  
   
   
       18 . A method of improving the low temperature flow properties of oil which comprises adding to said oil an effective amount of a pour point depressant additive composition that comprises at least one pour point depressant additive of the formula:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein each R 1  is independently selected from H or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are each independently selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 up to 50 carbon atoms, m is an integer of from 1 to 50, n is an integer of from 0 to 50, and each R 5  is independently selected from O and NH.  
   
   
       19 . The method of  claim 18  wherein R 1  is H or a C 6 -C 30  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from C 6 -C 30  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups; m is an integer of from 1 to 50, and n is an integer of from 1-30.  
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 19  wherein R 1  is H or a C 8 -C 24  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from C 8 -C 24  saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups; m is an integer of from 1 to 50 and n is an integer of from 1-20.  
   
   
       21 . The method of  claim 18  wherein said oil is selected from the group consisting of crude oil, fuel oil, castor oil, fish oils, biodiesel and mixtures thereof.  
   
   
       22 . The method of  claim 18  wherein 0.0005% to 1% by weight of the pour point depressant additive composition, based on the weight of oil, is added.  
   
   
       23 . The method of  claim 1  wherein said oil is crude oil or fuel oil.