Electricity-Generating System and Method and Heat-Resistant Concrete and Method for Making Such Concrete

Abstract

Heat-resistant concrete, a method for making such concrete and an electricity-generating system and method using such concrete. The electricity-generating system may include a reservoir in which water is stored under pressure, a generator communicating with the reservoir and using the pressurized water to generate electricity to power the system, a solar field communicating with the generator and in which the water is pre-heated, an injection chamber communicating with the solar field and in which the pre-heated water is converted to super-heated steam, a parabolic dish solar array providing super-heated steam through pipes in the injection chamber to convert the pre-heated water to super-heated steam in the injection chamber, a series of steam generators, steam-booster substations communicating with the injection chamber and with the reservoir, the generators using the steam to generate electricity, the steam-booster substations maintaining the temperature and pressure of the steam as it flows through the generator series, the steam being fed from the series to the reservoir and condensed to re-enter the water supply, and a parabolic dish solar array feeding super-heated water through a manifold and through pipes in each booster substation. Heat-resistant concrete, preferably in the form of panels, is provided on the interior surface of the injection chamber and on the interior surface of the booster substations.

1 - 43 . (canceled)  
   
   
       44 . A concrete composition comprising: 
 about one-half part to about one and one-half parts cement;    greater than zero and less than about one part detergent.    
   
   
       45 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , further comprising about one-half to about one and seven-eighth parts sand.  
   
   
       46 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , further comprising about one-half part to about one and one-half parts silica sand and about one-eighth part to about three-eighth part fine silica sand.  
   
   
       47 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , further comprising about one-eighth to about three-eighth parts hardener.  
   
   
       48 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , further comprising about one-quarter to about three-quarter parts baking soda.  
   
   
       49 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , wherein the detergent comprises at least one of a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a semi-polar surfactant and a mixture thereof.  
   
   
       50 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , wherein the detergent comprises an anionic surfactant.  
   
   
       51 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , wherein the detergent comprises a non-ionic surfactant.  
   
   
       52 . (canceled)  
   
   
       53 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , wherein the detergent comprises an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant.  
   
   
       54 . The concrete composition of  claim 44 , wherein the composition can withstand temperatures between 1000 to 2500 degrees Fahrenheit.  
   
   
       55 . A heat-resistant concrete composition comprising: 
 about one-half part to about one and one-half parts cement;    about one-half part to about one and one-half parts silica sand;    about one-eighth part to about three-eighth part fine silica sand;    about one-eighth to about three-eighth part hardener;    about one-quarter to about three-quarter part baking soda; and    greater than zero and less than about one part detergent.    
   
   
       56 - 61 . (canceled)  
   
   
       62 . A method of improving the heat-resistance of a concrete composition, the method comprising adding detergent to the concrete composition to form a heat-resistant concrete composition.  
   
   
       63 - 79 . (canceled)  
   
   
       80 . A method of manufacturing a concrete composition that can withstand temperatures between 1000 to 2500 degrees Fahrenheit, the method comprising: 
 mixing an effective amount of detergent with a concrete composition, the amount of detergent being effective to allow the concrete composition to withstand temperatures between 1000 to 2500 degree Fahrenheit.    
   
   
       81 . The method of  claim 80 , wherein the detergent comprises a nonionic surfactant.  
   
   
       82 . The method of  claim 80 , wherein the detergent comprises an anionic surfactant.  
   
   
       83 . (canceled)  
   
   
       84 . The method of  claim 80 , wherein the detergent comprises an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant.  
   
   
       85 . A method of constructing a structure having improved heat resistance, the method comprising using concrete and detergent to construct the structure, the structure being more resistant to heat than a structure constructed using the same concrete but without the detergent.  
   
   
       86 . The method of  claim 85 , wherein the detergent comprises an anionic surfactant.  
   
   
       87 . The method of  claim 85 , wherein the detergent comprises a non-ionic surfactant.  
   
   
       88 . (canceled)  
   
   
       89 . The method of  claim 85 , wherein the concrete comprises a heat-resistant aggregate.