US2007167621A1PendingUtilityA1

Substituted pyrimidinones

Assignee: PHARMACIA CORPPriority: Apr 3, 2003Filed: Jul 14, 2006Published: Jul 19, 2007
Est. expiryApr 3, 2023(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
C07D 403/06C07D 403/12C07D 403/10C07D 401/06C07D 239/52C07D 405/12C07D 239/47A61P 29/00C07D 405/04
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Claims

Abstract

Disclosed are compounds Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are defined herein. These compounds are useful for treating diseases and conditions caused or exacerbated by unregulated p38 MAP Kinase and/or TNF activity. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, methods of preparing the compounds and methods of treatment using the compounds are also disclosed.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . A compound of the formula:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein 
 R 1  is H, halogen, NO 2 , alkyl, carboxaldehyde, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkynyl, —CN, aryl, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxyl, or arylalkanoyl, 
 wherein the aryl portion of arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, and arylalkanoyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, nitro, CN, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or CO 2 R;  
 wherein the alkyl portion of the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl and arylalkanoyl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl;  
 
 R 2  is H, OH, halogen, —OSO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, —OSO 2 -aryl, arylalkoxy, aryloxy, arylthio, arylthioalkoxy, arylalkynyl, alkoxy, aryloxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, alkyl, alkynyl, —OC(O)NH(CH 2 ) n aryl, —OC(O)N(alkyl)(CH 2 ) n aryl, alkoxyalkoxy, dialkylamino, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, arylalkenyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, alkoxyalkoxy, NR 8 R 9 , dialkylamino, or CO 2 R, wherein 
 n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;  
 each of which groups is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N(R)—CO 2 R 30 , haloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NRC(O)NR 16 R 17 , haloalkoxy, alkyl, CN, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, —SO 2 -phenyl wherein the phenyl and —SO 2 -phenyl groups are optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen or NO 2 , or —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein 
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17  and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring;  
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, arylalkyl, arylalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, —SO 2 -alkyl, OH, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, arylalkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, heteroarylalkyl, or arylalkanoyl, wherein each is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, OH, SH, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl, alkoxy, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O-alkanoyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, carboxaldehyde, or haloalkoxy; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl S-oxide, thiomorpholinyl S,S-dioxide, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R at each occurrence is independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl;  
 R 30  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl;  
 each R 8  is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl and arylalkanoyl, wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, or haloalkyl;  
 each R 9  is hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkenyl, heteroaryl, aminoalkyl, monoalkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, arylalkanoyl, —SO 2 -phenyl, and aryl wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, or haloalkyl;  
 
 
 R 4  is hydrogen or R 4  is alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or two groups that are independently CO 2 R, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)R 6 , —N(R 30 )C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —N(R 30 )C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, or —NR 6 R 7 , arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —NR 6 R 7 , alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy-, (R 6 R 7 N)-alkoxy-, R 6 R 7 NC(O)-alkoxy-, R 6 C(O)N(R 7 )alkoxy-, carboxaldehyde, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , CO 2 R, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkoxy, wherein the heteroaryl or aryl portions of is the above are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-, nitro, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; and  
 R 5  is H, aryl, arylalkyl, arylthioalkyl, alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently arylalkoxycarbonyl, —NR 8 R 9 , halogen, —C(O)NR 8 R 9 , alkoxycarbonyl, C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl, or alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl optionally substituted with one trimethylsilyl group, amino, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkynyl, —SO 2 -alkyl, alkoxy optionally substituted with one trimethylsilyl group, heterocycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, -alkyl-S-aryl, -alkyl-SO 2 -aryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, or alkenyl optionally substituted with alkoxycarbonyl, wherein 
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, arylalkoxycarbonyl, CO 2 R, CN, OH, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, amidinooxime, —NR 6 R 7 , —NR 8 R 9 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, carboxaldehyde, SO 2 alkyl, —SO 2 H, —SO 2 NR 6 R 7 , alkanoyl wherein the alkyl portion is optionally substituted with OH, halogen or alkoxy, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, haloalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 , —O—CH 2 —O, —O—CH 2 CH 2 —O—, or haloalkoxy; wherein 
 R 15  is H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; and  
 
 R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl,  
 
 C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.  
 
   
   
       2 . A compound according to  claim 1 , of the formula:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein 
 R 1  is H, halogen, alkyl, carboxaldehyde, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkynyl, CN, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, carboxyl, or arylalkanoyl, 
 wherein the aryl portion of arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, and arylalkanoyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, nitro, CN, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or CO 2 R;  
 wherein the alkyl portion of the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl and arylalkanoyl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, or cyclopropyl;  
 
 R 2  is H, OH, halogen, —OSO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, —OSO 2 -aryl, arylalkoxy, aryloxy, arylthioalkoxy, arylalkynyl, alkoxy, phenyloxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —OC(O)NH(CH 2 ) n aryl, —OC(O)N(alkyl)(CH 2 ) n aryl, alkyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkoxy, dialkylamino, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, or CO 2 R, wherein 
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, —NR 6 R 7 , haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NRC(O)NR 16 R 17 , CN, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N(R)—CO 2 R 30 , wherein 
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17  and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring;  
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkoxycarbonyl, or arylalkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, alkoxy, alkyl, OH, SH, carboxaldehyde, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl S-oxide, thiomorpholinyl S,S-dioxide, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 
 n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;  
 R at each occurrence is independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl;  
 
 R 30  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl;  
 R 4  is H, alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups that are independently CO 2 R, —CO 2 alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)R 6 , —N(R 30 )C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —N(R 30 )C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, or —NR 6 R 7 , arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, —NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy-, (R 6 R 7 N)-alkoxy-, R 6 R 7 NC(O)-alkoxy-, R 6 C(O)N(R 7 )alkoxy-, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkoxy, wherein 
 the heteroaryl or aryl portions of the above are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-, nitro, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; and  
 
 R 5  is H, arylalkyl, alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently arylalkoxycarbonyl, —NR 8 R 9 , halogen, —C(O)NR 8 R 9 , alkoxycarbonyl, or alkanoyl, alkoxyalkyl optionally substituted with one trimethylsilyl group, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkenyl optionally substituted with alkoxycarbonyl, alkynyl, —SO 2 -alkyl, aryl, alkoxy optionally substituted with one trimethylsilyl group, heterocycloalkylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, or heteroaryl, wherein 
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, arylalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, thioalkoxy, —SO 2 alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, arylalkoxycarbonyl, CO 2 R, CN, OH, amidinooxime, NR 8 R 9 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, carboxaldehyde, —NR 6 R 7 , haloalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-CO 2 R, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-CN, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 , —O—CH 2 —O—, —O—CH 2 CH 2 —O—, phenyl or haloalkoxy; 
 R 8  is hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl and arylalkanoyl;  
 R 9  is alkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, aminoalkyl, monoalkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, and arylalkanoyl.  
 
 
 
   
   
       3 . A compound according to  claim 2  wherein 
 R 1  is H, halogen, alkyl optionally substituted with C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, carboxaldehyde, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, CN, alkanoyl, alkoxy, C 2 -C 4  alkynyl, C 2 -C 6  alkenyl optionally substituted with C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, or phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkanoyl, 
 wherein the phenyl groups are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, nitro, CN, CF 3 , OCF 3  or CO 2 R;  
 wherein the alkyl groups are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, methoxy, or ethoxy;  
   R 2  is OH, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, phenyloxy, phenyloxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, phenyl (C 1 -C 4 ) thioalkoxy, C 1 -C 8  alkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, —O—SO 2 phenyl, alkynyl, phenyl (C 2 -C 4 ) alkynyl, alkyl, —OC(O)NH(CH 2 ) n phenyl, —OC(O)N(alkyl)(CH 2 ) n phenyl, dialkylamino, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, benzimidazolyl, triazinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, or CO 2 R, wherein 
 n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;  
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, NR 6 R 7 , haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkyl, phenyl, pyridyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N(R)—CO 2 R 30 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NRC(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) hydroxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) dihydroxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkanoyl, phenyl (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, phenyl (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy, phenyl (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxycarbonyl, or phenyl (C 1 -C 4 ) alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, CF 3 , carboxaldehyde, NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, N(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, or halogen; and  
 
   R 4  is H, alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups that are independently CO 2 R, —CO 2 alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)R 6 , —N(R 30 )C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —N(R 30 )C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, or —NR 6 R 7 , arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, —NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy-, (R 6 R 7 N)-alkoxy-, R 6 R 7 NC(O)-alkoxy-, R 6 C(O)N(R 7 )alkoxy-, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkoxy, wherein 
 the heteroaryl or aryl portions of the above are unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-, nitro, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; and  
   R 5  is phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, —NR 8 R 9 , halogen, —C(O)NR 8 R 9 , alkoxycarbonyl, or alkanoyl, phenyl, alkoxy, C 2 -C 6  alkynyl, C 2 -C 6  alkenyl optionally substituted with alkoxycarbonyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, isoindolyl, dihydroindolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, indolon-2-yl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, pyridyl, imidazolidine dione, pyrazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), imidazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), piperidinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, pyrrolidinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, imidazolidinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, 1H-indazolyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, dihydroindolon-2-yl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), indolinyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydrobenzimidazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or dihydrobenzoimidazolonyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), pyridyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, pyridazinyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, pyrimidinyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, pyrazinyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, tetrahydrofuryl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, naphthyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, morpholinyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, tetrahydrofuryl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, thienyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, piperazinyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, indolyl (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, quinolinyl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, isoquinolinyl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, isoindolyl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, dihydroindolyl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, pyrazolyl(C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, imidazolyl(C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, dihydroisoindolyl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, indoon-2-yl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, indolon-2-yl(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, or morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, 
 wherein  
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently C 1 -C 6  alkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  thioalkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, CO 2 R, CN, —SO 2 (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, amidinooxime, NR 8 R 9 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7  C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, hydroxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkoxy; wherein 
 R 8  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl and phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl; and  
 R 9  is aminoalkyl, mono C 1 -C 6  alkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, di C 1 -C 6  alkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, indazolyl, and phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl.  
 
   
   
   
       4 . A compound according to  claim 3 , wherein 
 R 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl optionally substituted with C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 4  alkenyl optionally substituted with C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 4  alkynyl, or carboxaldehyde;    R 2  is benzyloxy, OH, phenyloxy, phenyloxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, phenyl (C 1 -C 4 ) thioalkoxy, or pyridyl; wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N(R)—CO 2 R 30 , NR 6 R 7 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , (C 1 -C 4 ) haloalkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NRC(O)NR 16 R 17 , (C 1 -C 4 ) haloalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, pyridyl, or R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-.    
   
   
       5 . A compound according to  claim 4 , wherein 
 R 5  is indolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indazolyl, tetrahydroquinolyl, tetrahydroisoquinolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, isoindolyl, dihydroindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, indolon-2-yl, or pyrazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, halogen, CF 3 , OCF 3 , —CO 2 CH 3 , C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 5  alkyl), benzyloxy, —NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 8 R 9 , NR 6 R 7 —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl), —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or amidinooxime; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkyl, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, wherein each is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, aryl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
   R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.    
   
   
       6 . A compound according to  claim 5 , wherein 
 R 5  is indolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, furanyl, indazolyl, dihydroindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, indolon-2-yl, or pyrazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, halogen, CF 3 , OCF 3 , —CO 2 CH 3 , C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 5  alkyl), benzyloxy, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 8 R 9 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-, and amidinooxime.    
   
   
       7 . A compound according to  claim 6 , wherein 
 R 5  is indolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, dihydroindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, pyrazolyl, or pyrazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, halogen, CF 3 , OCF 3 , —CO 2 CH 3 , C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 5  alkyl), benzyloxy, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , NR 8 R 9 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-, or amidinooxime; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .  
   
   
   
       8 . A compound according to  claim 7 , wherein 
 R 5  is indolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, dihydroindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, pyrazolyl, or pyrazinyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, halogen, CF 3 , OCF 3 , C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , NR 8 R 9 , —NR 6 R 7 , or NR 6 R 7 —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .  
   
   
   
       9 . A compound according to  claim 4 , wherein 
 R 5  is phenyl, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, wherein 
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, benzyloxy, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, thioalkoxy, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 5  alkyl), CO 2 R, CN, amidinooxime, —NR 8 R 9 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 ).alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ;  
   R 8  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl and phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl; and    R 9  is aminoalkyl, mono C 1 -C 6  alkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, di C 1 -C 6  alkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkyl, indazolyl, and phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl.    
   
   
       10 . A compound according to  claim 4 , wherein 
 R 5  is phenyl or phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, benzyloxy, thioalkoxy, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 5  alkyl), CO 2 R, CN, amidinooxime, —NR 8 R 9 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )—C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4 .dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkyl, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, wherein each is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R 8  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl and phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl; and  
 R 9  is aminoalkyl, mono C 1 -C 6  alkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, di C 1 -C 6  alkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkyl, indazolyl, and phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl.  
   
   
   
       11 . A compound according to  claim 10 , wherein 
 R 5  is phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl, wherein each is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 8 R 9 , halogen, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, CO 2 R, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  thioalkoxy, amidinooxime, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-CN, CN, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, OH, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  haloalkoxy, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 , amidinooxime, —SO 2 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —O—CH 2 —O—, —O—CH 2 CH 2 —O—, phenyl C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, or phenyl; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .  
   
   
   
       12 . A compound according to  claim 11 , wherein 
 R 5  is phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently CN, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CF 3 , OCF 3 , C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —NR 8 R 9 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .  
   
   
   
       13 . A compound according to  claim 4 , wherein the R 5  group is of the formula:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein 
 Z 1  and Z 2  are independently H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or CO 2 R; and  
 Z is —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —NR 8 R 9 , C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, CO 2 R, or halogen; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, amino C 1 -C 4  alkyl, NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)alkyl, N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl) C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or —SO 2 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl) each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ;  
 or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen; and  
 R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.  
 
 
   
   
       14 . A compound according to  claim 4 , wherein 
 R 5  is pyrazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), imidazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), thienyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), furanyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), piperidinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, pyrrolidinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, imidazolidinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, piperazinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, pyridyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, pyrimidyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, pyridazyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, pyrazinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, isoquinolinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, indolyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, 1H-indazolyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, dihydroindolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydroindolon-2-yl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), indolinyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydroisoindolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydrobenzimdazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or dihydrobenzoimidazolonyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), wherein 
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, halogen, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 6 )hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 6 )thioalkoxy, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxycarbonyl, OH, CO 2 R, CN, amidinooxime, —NR 8 R 9 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —SO 2  (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NH(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —SO 2 N(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 , —O—CH 2 —O, —O—CH 2 CH 2 —O—, or (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkoxy; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 6 )hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkanoyl, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, or phenyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, CF 3  or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen; and  
 R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl,  
 
   
   
   
       15 . A compound according to  claim 14 , wherein 
 R 5  is pyrazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), imidazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), benzimidazolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), thienyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), pyrimidyl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, indolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydroindolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydroisoindolyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), dihydroindolon-2-yl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), pyridinyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), piperazinyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or pyrazinyl(C 1 -C 6  alkyl) each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy;  
 or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.  
   
   
   
       16 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 5  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —NR 6 R 7 , CF 3 , or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy;  
 or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.  
   
   
   
       17 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 5  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —NR 6 R 7 , CF 3 , or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy;  
 or  
   R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.    
   
   
       18 . A compound according to  claim 16 , wherein 
 Z 5  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, CF 3 , or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl.    
   
   
       19 . A compound according to  claim 16 , wherein 
 Z 5  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —NR 6 R 7 , CF 3 , or C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy;  
 or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.  
   
   
   
       20 . A compound according to  claim 19 , wherein 
 Z 5  is —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, 
 or —NR 6 R 7 , wherein  
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, cyclopropyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.  
   
   
   
       21 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       22 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       23 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 3 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       24 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       25 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       26 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       27 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       28 . A compound according to  claim 15 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       29 . A compound according to  claim 4 , wherein 
 R 5  is phenyl, which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, CF 3 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ; wherein 
 R 15  is H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl;  
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring; and  
 R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.  
   
   
   
       30 . A compound according to  claim 29 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          Z 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy; and    Z 2  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl;    Z 3  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl;    wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, amino C 1 -C 4  alkyl, NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)alkyl, N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl) C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —SO 2 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .    
   
   
       31 . A compound according to  claim 30 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy; and    Z 2  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl;    Z 3  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, amino C 1 -C 4  alkyl, NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)alkyl, N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl) C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —SO 2 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .    
   
   
       32 . A compound according to  claim 30 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy; and    Z 2  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl;    Z 3  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, OH, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, amino C 1 -C 4  alkyl, NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)alkyl, N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl) C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —SO 2 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, OH, SH, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, OH, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .    
   
   
       33 . A compound according to  claim 29 , wherein 
 R 5  is either                          wherein    Z 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy; and    Z 2  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ;    Z 3  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ; 
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R 15  is H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl;  
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring;  
   R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.    
   
   
       34 . A compound according to  claim 33 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          Z 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy; and    Z 2  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ;    Z 3  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ; 
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R 15  is H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl;  
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring;  
 R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.  
   
   
   
       35 . A compound according to  claim 33 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 1  is H, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl C 1 -C 4  haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy; and    Z 2  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ;    Z 3  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , NR 6 R 7 (C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, CO 2 R, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 ; 
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, or a morpholinyl ring, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R 15  is H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl;  
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring;  
   R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.    
   
   
       36 . A compound of the formula  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein 
 L and M are independently selected from —O—, —CH 2 —, —S—, —NR—, —N(R)—N(R)—, C(═O)—, —SO 2 —;  
 R 5  is  
                     
 wherein  
 X 1 , X 2 , X a , X b , X c , X d , and X e  at are independently selected from —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, H, OH, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, haloalkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —N(R)C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —N(R)C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, CO 2 R—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —SO 2 NR 6 R 7 ; wherein the heteroaryl and heterocycloalkyl groups are optionally substituted with —NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or halogen; or  
 R 5  is heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl, wherein the heteroaryl and heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 groups that are independently —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, H, OH, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, haloalkoxy, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —N(R)C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —N(R)C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  thiohydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, SH, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R at each occurrence is independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; and  
 
 Y, Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4  are independently selected from H, halogen, alkyl, carboxaldehyde, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, CN, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, and carboxyl.  
 
   
   
       37 . A compound according to  claim 36  of the formula  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
   
   
       38 . A compound according to  claim 37 , wherein 
 R 5  is                          
   
   
       39 . A compound according to  claim 31 , wherein 
 Y 2 , Y 4 , and Y are independently halogen; and    Y 1  and Y 3  are both hydrogen.    
   
   
       40 . A compound according to  claim 39 , wherein 
 R 5  is                          X 1  and X 2  are independently H, methyl, NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-morpholinyl; and    X a  and X e  are independently halogen, NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), methyl, or hydrogen.    
   
   
       41 . A compound according to  claim 40 , wherein 
 one of X b  and X c  is hydrogen and the other is —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —SO 2 NR 6 R 7 , or halogen; where 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, SH, NH 2 , NH (alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.  
   
   
   
       42 . A compound according to  claim 41 , wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 .    
   
   
       43 . A compound according to  claim 42 , wherein 
 X a  is hydrogen, methyl, fluorine, or chlorine;    X c  and X d  are both hydrogen;    X b  is —NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 ; wherein    R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl.    
   
   
       44 . A compound according to  claim 39 , wherein 
 R 5  is                          X a  is H, fluoro, chloro, or methyl;    X e  is hydrogen, halogen, or methyl; and    X b  is H;    X d  is H or halogen;    
   
   
       45 . A compound according to  claim 44 , wherein 
 X c  is —SO 2 NR 6 R 7 , or halogen; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, SH, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen; or  
 X c  is fluoro, chloro, —NH 2 , —NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or piperazinyl, wherein the piperazinyl group is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.  
   
   
   
       46 . A compound according to  claim 44 , wherein 
 X c  is —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , or R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, —NH 2 , —NH(alkyl), —N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen.  
   
   
   
       47 . A compound according to  claim 46 , wherein 
 R 6  is hydrogen; and    R 7  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), OH, SH, cyclopropyl, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy;    
   
   
       48 . A compound according to  claim 47 , wherein 
 X c  is —C(O)NR 6 R 7 .    
   
   
       49 . A compound according to  claim 47 , wherein 
 X c  is NR 6 R 7 , or R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-.    
   
   
       50 . A compound according to  claim 38 , wherein 
 X a  is hydrogen;    two of X b , X c , and X d  are hydrogen and the other is —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)- or —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF 3 ; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen; and  
   X e  is hydrogen, methyl, C 1 -C 2  alkoxy, or halogen.    
   
   
       51 . A compound according to  claim 50 , wherein 
 X b  is —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , or R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)- wherein    R 6  is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4  alkyl;    R 7  is OH, C 1 -C 6  alkyl or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein the alkyl and alkanoyl groups substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       52 . A compound according to  claim 38 , wherein 
 X a  is halogen or methyl;    X b  is H, —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl;    X c  is —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , halogen, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), —SO 2 N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl), or piperazinyl, wherein the piperazinyl group is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;    X d  is hydrogen;    X e  is H, methyl, NH 2 , NH(C 1 -C 6  alkyl) or N(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)(C 1 -C 6  alkyl).    
   
   
       53 . A compound according to  claim 38 , wherein 
 X 1 , X 2 , X a , X b , X c , X d , and X e  are independently selected from H, OH, halogen, CF 3 , alkyl, OCF 3 , pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl, wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with —NR 6 R 7 , —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or halogen.    
   
   
       54 . A compound according to  claim 37 , wherein 
 R 5  is a heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl group, where each heteroaryl is pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, furanyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, dihydroindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, indolon-2-yl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, dihydroisoquinolinyl, or indolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 groups that are independently —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, haloalkoxy, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —N(R)C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —N(R)C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy; wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, OH, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  thiohydroxyalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, benzyl, phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, or phenyl C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl, wherein each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, piperidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, morpholinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, piperazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, OH, SH, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O—C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, CF 3 , or OCF  
   
   
   
       55 . A compound according to  claim 54 , wherein 
 Y 2 , Y 4 , and Y are independently halogen; and    Y 1  and Y 3  are both hydrogen.    
   
   
       56 . A compound according to  claim 55 , wherein 
 X 1  and X 2  are independently H, methyl, —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, or —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-morpholinyl.    
   
   
       57 . A compound according to  claim 56 , wherein 
 R 5  is pyridyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, pyrimidinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or pyrazinyl C 1 -C 6  alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 .    
   
   
       58 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 5  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.  
   
   
   
       59 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 5  is hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein 
 R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.  
   
   
   
       60 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       61 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       62 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       63 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       64 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       65 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       66 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       67 . A compound according to  claim 57 , wherein 
 R 5  is of the formula:                          wherein    Z 10  is H or methyl; and    Z 20  is —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , hydroxy(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, OH, halogen, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, OCF 3 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.    
   
   
       68 . A method of treating a TNF mediated disorder, a p38 kinase mediated disorder, inflammation and/or arthritis in a subject, the method comprising treating a subject having or susceptible to such disorder or condition with a compound of the formula:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein 
 R 1  is H, halogen, NO 2 , alkyl, carboxaldehyde, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkynyl, —CN, aryl, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxyl, or arylalkanoyl, 
 wherein the aryl portion of arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, and arylalkanoyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, nitro, CN, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or CO 2 R;  
 wherein the alkyl portion of the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl and arylalkanoyl groups is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, or C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl;  
 
 R 2  is H, OH, halogen, —OSO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl, —OSO 2 -aryl, arylalkoxy, aryloxy, arylthio, arylthioalkoxy, arylalkynyl, alkoxy, aryloxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, alkyl, alkynyl, —OC(O)NH(CH 2 ) n aryl, —OC(O)N(alkyl)(CH 2 ) n aryl, alkoxyalkoxy, dialkylamino, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, arylalkenyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, alkoxyalkoxy, NR 8 R 9 , dialkylamino, or CO 2 R, wherein 
 n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;  
 each of which groups is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N(R)—CO 2 R 30 , haloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NRC(O)NR 16 R 17 , haloalkoxy, alkyl, CN, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, —SO 2 -phenyl wherein the phenyl and —SO 2 -phenyl groups are optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently halogen or NO 2 , or —OC(O)NR 6 R 7 , wherein 
 R 16  and R 17  are independently H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl; or  
 R 16 , R 17  and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl ring;  
 R 6  and R 7  are independently at each occurrence H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, arylalkyl, arylalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, —SO 2 -alkyl, OH, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, arylalkoxycarbonyl, —(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-CO 2 -alkyl, heteroarylalkyl, or arylalkanoyl, wherein each is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 2 groups that are independently, halogen, OH, SH, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl, alkoxy, NH 2 , NH(alkyl), N(alkyl)(alkyl), —O-alkanoyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, carboxaldehyde, or haloalkoxy; or  
 R 6 , R 7 , and the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl S-oxide, thiomorpholinyl S,S-dioxide, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, or piperazinyl ring which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, or halogen;  
 R at each occurrence is independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl;  
 R 30  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups that are independently OH, SH, halogen, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl;  
 each R 8  is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl and arylalkanoyl, wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, or haloalkyl;  
 each R 9  is hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkenyl, heteroaryl, aminoalkyl, monoalkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, arylalkanoyl, —SO 2 -phenyl, and aryl wherein each of the above is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, or haloalkyl;  
 
 
 R 4  is hydrogen or R 4  is alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or two groups that are independently CO 2 R, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —N(R 30 )C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —N(R 30 )C(O)—(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, or —NR 6 R 7 , arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, —NR 6 R 7 , alkoxy, carboxaldehyde, CO 2 R, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkoxy, wherein the aryl portion of arylalkoxy and arylalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, —CO 2 —(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-, nitro, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy; and  
 R 5  is H, aryl, arylalkyl, arylthioalkyl, alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently arylalkoxycarbonyl, —NR 8 R 9 , halogen, —C(O)NR 8 R 9 , alkoxycarbonyl, C 3 -C 7  cycloalkyl, or alkanoyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl optionally substituted with one trimethylsilyl group, amino, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, alkynyl, —SO 2 -alkyl, alkoxy optionally substituted with one trimethylsilyl group, heterocycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, -alkyl-S-aryl, -alkyl-SO 2 -aryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, or alkenyl optionally substituted with alkoxycarbonyl, wherein 
 each of the above is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 groups that are independently alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, arylalkoxycarbonyl, CO 2 R, CN, OH, hydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, amidinooxime, —NR 6 R 7 , —NR 8 R 9 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, carboxaldehyde, SO 2 alkyl, —SO 2 H, —SO 2 NR 6 R 7 , alkanoyl wherein the alkyl portion is optionally substituted with OH, halogen or alkoxy, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , amidino, haloalkyl, —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)NR 16 R 17 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-NR 15 C(O)R 18 , —O—CH 2 —O, —O—CH 2 CH 2 —O—, or haloalkoxy; wherein 
 R 15  is H or C 1 -C 6  alkyl;  
 
 R 18  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with —O—(C 2 -C 6  alkanoyl, C 1 -C 6  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  dihydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy, C 1 -C 6  alkoxy C 1 -C 6  alkyl; amino C 1 -C 6  alkyl, mono or dialkylamino C 1 -C 6  alkyl.  
 
 
   
   
       69 . A compound according to  claim 17 , wherein Z 5  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C 4  dihydroxyalkyl, halogen, C 1 -C 6  alkoxycarbonyl, CF 3 , or C 1 -C 6  alkanoyl.  
   
   
       70 . A compound according to  claim 17 , wherein 
 Z 5  is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C(O)NR 6 R 7 , —(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)-C(O)NR 6 R 7 , R 6 R 7 N—(C 1 -C 6  alkyl)-, or —NR 6 R 7 , CF 3 , or C 1 -C 4  alkanoyl, wherein    R 6  and R 7  at each occurrence are independently H, C 1 -C 6  alkyl optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 groups that are independently C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, C 3 -C 6  cycloalkyl, OH, SH, or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy.

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