Multi-layered matrix, method of tissue repair using the same, and multi-layered implant prepared thereof

Abstract

A multi-layered matrix, a method of tissue repair using the same, and multi-layered implant prepared thereof are provided. The multi-layered matrix comprises a first element and a second element connected thereto, and the second element comprises a hollow cavity. The first and the second elements are composed of a composite material comprising a bioabsorbable porous material.

1 . A multi-layered matrix, comprising 
 a first element; and    a second element connected thereto, comprising a hollow cavity;    wherein the first and the second elements are composed of a composite material comprising a bioabsorbable porous material, and wherein    the porous material of the first element is for the growth of the surrounding cells of an implanted site in a living subject, and the hollow cavity of the second element is seeded with a mixture of tissues and cells prior to the implantation of the living subject.    
     
     
         2 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the bioabsorbable porous material comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly (glycolide co-lactide) (PLGA), polyanhydride, polycapralactone (PCL), polydiester, polyorthoester, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, or polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         3 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the composite material further comprises a second material, wherein the second material comprises hydroxyapatite (HAP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), or calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         4 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the implanted site is a joint.  
     
     
         5 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the tissues and cells are from a cartilage tissue.  
     
     
         6 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 5 , wherein the cartilage tissue is derived from the living subject.  
     
     
         7 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 5 , wherein the cartilage tissue is derived form a living organism other than the living subject.  
     
     
         8 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 7 , wherein the cartilage tissue is a chondrocyte cultured in vitro.  
     
     
         9 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the mixture has a size ranging 100 to 2,000 μm.  
     
     
         10 . The multi-layered matrix as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the porous material has a pore size ranging 50 to 1,000 μm.  
     
     
         11 . A method of tissue repair, comprising the steps of: 
 providing a multi-layered matrix, comprising: 
 a first element; and  
 a second element connected thereto, comprising a hollow cavity;  
 wherein the first and the second elements are composed of a composite material comprising a bioabsorbable porous material;  
   seeding a cell block into the hollow cavity of the multi-layered matrix; and    implanting the multi-layered matrix containing the cell block into a defect site of a living subject.    
     
     
         12 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the bioabsorbable porous material comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly (glycolide co-lactide) (PLGA), polyanhydride, polycapralactone (PCL), polydiester, polyorthoester, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, or polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         13 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the composite material further comprises a second material, wherein the second material comprises hydroxyapatite (HAP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), or calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         14 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the porous material has a pore size ranging 50 to 1,000 μm.  
     
     
         15 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the cell block is a pulverized tissue block.  
     
     
         16 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the cell block is a tissue block which is pulverized and enzyme-treated to release partial cells.  
     
     
         17 . The method as claimed in  claim 16 , wherein the enzyme treatment is about 5 minutes to 24 hours.  
     
     
         18 . The method as claimed in  claim 16 , wherein the enzyme is collagenase, hyaluronidase, trypsin, or proteinase, or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         19 . The method as claimed in  claim 16 , wherein the defect site is a joint.  
     
     
         20 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the cell block is a cartilage tissue.  
     
     
         21 . The method as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the enzyme is collagenase.  
     
     
         22 . The method as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the enzyme treatment is about 5 minutes to 24 hours.  
     
     
         23 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the cell block is a cell aggregate.  
     
     
         24 . The method as claimed in  claim 23 , wherein the cell aggregate is formed from a cell cultured in vitro.  
     
     
         25 . The method as claimed in  claim 24 , wherein the defect site is a joint.  
     
     
         26 . The method as claimed in  claim 25 , wherein the cell aggregate is formed from a chondrocyte cultured in vitro.  
     
     
         27 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the cell block is a granular carrier attached with a cell.  
     
     
         28 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the size of the cell block is larger than the pore size of the porous material.  
     
     
         29 . The method as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the cell block has a size ranging 100 to 2,000 μm.  
     
     
         30 . A multi-layered implant prepared by the method as claimed in  claim 11 .  
     
     
         31 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the bioabsorbable porous material comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly (glycolide co-lactide) (PLGA), polyanhydride, polycapralactone (PCL), polydiester, polyorthoester, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, or polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         32 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the composite material further comprises a second material, wherein the second material comprises hydroxyapatite (HAP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         33 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the porous material has a pore size ranging 50 to 1,000 μm.  
     
     
         34 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the cell block is a pulverized tissue block.  
     
     
         35 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the cell block is a tissue block which is pulverized and enzyme-treated to release partial cells.  
     
     
         36 . The implant as claimed in  claim 35 , wherein the enzyme treatment is about 5 minutes to 24 hours.  
     
     
         37 . The implant as claimed in  claim 35 , wherein the enzyme is collagenase, hyaluronidase, trypsin, or proteinase, or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         38 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the implant is a bone implant.  
     
     
         39 . The implant as claimed in  claim 38 , wherein the defect site is a joint.  
     
     
         40 . The implant as claimed in  claim 38 , wherein the cell block is a cartilage tissue block pulverized from a cartilage tissue.  
     
     
         41 . The implant as claimed in  claim 38 , wherein the cell block is a pulverized and enzyme-treated cartilage tissue to release partial cells and obtain an aggregate of tissue and cell.  
     
     
         42 . The implant as claimed in  claim 41 , wherein the enzyme is collagenase.  
     
     
         43 . The implant as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the enzyme treatment is about 5 minute to 24 hours.  
     
     
         44 . The implant as claimed in  claim 38 , wherein the cell block is a cell aggregate of a chondrocyte.  
     
     
         45 . The implant as claimed in  claim 44 , wherein the cell aggregate is formed from a chondrocyte cultured in vitro.  
     
     
         46 . The implant as claimed in  claim 38 , wherein the cell block is a granular carrier attached with a cell.  
     
     
         47 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the size of the cell block is larger than the pore size of the porous material.  
     
     
         48 . The implant as claimed in  claim 30 , wherein the cell block has a size of 100 to 2,000 μm.