Road-system fire stop

Abstract

A fire-resistant road-system apparatus includes at least one cover can be arranged detachably in a frame that is intended to be fixed to the ground, to close a gallery or an underground technical room to protect it from fires. A casing filled with a heat-insulating refractory material is fixed detachably under the cover. The invention is applied in road-system or railroad tunnels.

1 . A fire stop road-system apparatus comprising: 
 a first cover which can be arranged detachably in a frame intended to be fixed to the ground, to close a gallery or an underground technical room to protect it from fires, wherein the first cover is filled with a heat-insulating material, and    a casing filled with a heat-insulating refractory material fixed detachably under the first cover.    
     
     
         2 . The apparatus according to  claim 1 , comprising a second cover filled with a heat-insulating refractory material, and which can be arranged to rest in the frame aligned and co-planar with the first cover, and a second casing filled with a heat-insulating refractory material fixed detachably under the second cover.  
     
     
         3 . The apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein 
 each of the first and second casings is fixed detachably under the respective first and second covers through threaded rods traversing the refractory material and bottom walls of the first and second casings, and nuts engaging the threaded rods at the bottom walls of the first and second casings, and    the threaded rods have heads that are embedded in the refractory material of the first and second covers.    
     
     
         4 . The apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein each of the first and second covers has an inverted basin shape, is filled with a heat-insulating refractory material, and has an external upper wall with continuous passages which are filled with the refractory material in contact with external faces of the upper walls of the first and second covers.  
     
     
         5 . The apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein 
 the external upper wall of the basin of each of the first and second covers is surrounded by a gutter defined by raised external walls parallel to perforated lateral walls of the basin opposite the raised external walls, and    the refractory material fills the peripheral gutter through holes of the perforated lateral walls of the basin.    
     
     
         6 . The apparatus according to  claim 5 , wherein the external walls of each of the first and second covers and a bottom wall of the peripheral gutter constitute a seat of the first and second covers for resting with external faces, respectively, on internal faces of lateral walls of the frame and an internal peripheral ledge integrally connected to the lateral walls of the frame.  
     
     
         7 . The apparatus according to  claim 6 , wherein each of the first and second covers comprises lower peripheral walls that extend under the bottom wall of the peripheral gutter defining the inverted basin shape of the first and second covers, the lower peripheral walls are spaced from the lateral walls of the frame when the resting in the frame.  
     
     
         8 . The apparatus according to  claim 7 , wherein each casing containing the heat-insulating refractory material is fixed detachably under the respective cover so that end edges of the lower walls of the basin shape rest on the refractory material of the casing, and free upper parts of walls of the casing surround, and are spaced from, lower walls of the basin shape when the covers are in the frame.  
     
     
         9 . The apparatus according to  claim 3 , wherein the threaded rods are anchored with heads against the wall of the respective cover, perpendicularly under the wall, opposite, respectively, continuous passages of the walls of the first and second covers, so that the heads of the threaded rods are embedded in the refractory material filling these passages, and the threaded rods are partially embedded in the refractory material filling the basin shape of the first and second covers, and protruding opposite the wall of the first and second covers.  
     
     
         10 . The apparatus according to  claim 9 , wherein the head of each threaded rod is anchored in a plate integrally connected to an internal face of the wall of the first cover, opposite the corresponding continuous passage of the wall.  
     
     
         11 . The apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein 
 the second cover includes an inverted basin filled with a heat-insulating refractory material, which is substantially identical to that of the first cover,    the external upper wall of the second cover, at an edge which is not bordered by a gutter, can rest directly on a corresponding raised external wall of the first cover when the first and second covers are arranged in the frame, and    the second cover comprises, under the edge of an upper wall that rests on the external wall of the first cover, a bar arranged with clearance below the wall of the corresponding bottom wall of the gutter of the first cover by being opposite, and spaced from, the corresponding lower wall of the basin of the first cover.    
     
     
         12 . The apparatus according to  claim 5 , wherein 
 each of the first and second covers has a basin shape, which is filled with a heat-insulating refractory material and comprises a peripheral ledge constituting a seat of the cover and dividing the basin shape of the cover into two parts, an upper part and a lower part, having larger and smaller sections, respectively, and    the first and second covers rest with the peripheral ledge on the internal peripheral ledge, which is integrally connected to the lateral walls of the frame, so that the lateral walls of the upper part of the basin shape rest on the internal faces of the lateral walls of the frame, and the lateral walls of the lower part of the basin shape are spaced from the lateral walls of the frame.    
     
     
         13 . The apparatus according to  claim 12 , wherein each casing containing the heat-insulating refractory material is fixed detachably under the respective cover in such a manner that the bottom wall of the basin shape rests on the refractory material of the casing, and the free upper parts of the walls of the casing surround, and are spaced from, the lower part of the basin when the first and second covers are arranged in the frame.  
     
     
         14 . The apparatus according to  claim 12 , wherein 
 the threaded rods have heads transverse to the bottom wall of the basin shape, protruding perpendicularly under the bottom wall, and    the heads rest on an internal face of the bottom wall of the basin and are embedded in the refractory material that fills the basin shape.    
     
     
         15 . The apparatus according to  claim 12 , wherein 
 the second cover, at one of the lateral walls which does not comprise the peripheral ledge, has an upper part that can rest directly on the upper part of the corresponding wall of the first cover when the first and second covers are arranged in the frame, and    the second cover comprises, as an integral part of a lateral wall, a bar, which is arranged with a clearance below the corresponding ledge of the support wall of the first cover and opposite, and spaced from, the lower part of the support wall.    
     
     
         16 . The apparatus according to  claim 15 , including a heat-expandable joint interposed between the bar of the second cover and the bottom wall of the gutter of the first cover, or the ledge of the first cover.  
     
     
         17 . The apparatus according to  claim 13 , wherein the casing with refractory material, which is fixed under the second cover identically to the casing of the first cover, extends in the same plane as the casing of the first cover, and has a lateral wall opposite, and spaced from, the corresponding lateral wall of the casing of the first cover when the first and second covers are arranged in the frame.  
     
     
         18 . The apparatus according to  claim 17 , comprising a part, which forms a joint with heat-insulating refractory material, fixed to at least one of the bottom walls of the casings of the first and second covers and covering a space between two opposite lateral walls of the two casings.  
     
     
         19 . The apparatus according to  claim 18 , wherein the part that forms a joint consists of a flat parallelepiped box covering the bottom walls of the casings of the covers, perpendicularly to the space and containing the refractory material consisting of refractory concrete or at least one heat-insulating noncombustible superposed plate based on calcium silicate and alumina.  
     
     
         20 . The apparatus according to  claim 13 , wherein the lateral walls of each casing of the first and second covers are spaced from opposite lateral walls of the frame, and the bottom wall of each casing protrudes over a lower peripheral ledge of the lateral walls of the frame, and including a heat-expandable peripheral joint is interposed between the lower peripheral ledge and the bottom wall of the casing.  
     
     
         21 . The apparatus according to of  claim 2 , wherein the frame a modular structure of main beams and crosspieces that can be assembled detachably to each other to receive the first and second covers.  
     
     
         22 . The apparatus according to  claim 21 , wherein the lateral walls of the frame are perforated, and a heat-insulating refractory material fills the holes of the lateral walls before embedding the frame in the ground.  
     
     
         23 . The apparatus according to  claim 22 , wherein the refractory material that fills the basin shape of each of the first and second covers is concrete that has been cast into the basin shape in at least two layers, which present different heat and mechanical resistance properties, and the material that fills the holes of the main beams and crosspieces of the frame is concrete cast into the holes.  
     
     
         24 . The apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein the material that fills each cover casing consists of concrete or at least one heat-insulating, noncombustible superposed plate based on calcium silicate and alumina.  
     
     
         25 . The apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein the continuous passages are oblong holes distributed over the upper walls of each of the first and second covers.  
     
     
         26 . The apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein each of the first and second covers has a rectangular shape.  
     
     
         27 . The apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein each casing can be replaced by another casing having a different height from that of the preceding one and fixed detachably under the respective cover and filled with a heat-insulating refractory material.